对反兴奋剂目标的再思考

体育领域内的反兴奋剂问题一直是国际体育界争论的一个焦点,对于其必要性和重要性在国际上也有着不同的看法。本文着眼于体育领域内反兴奋剂的三个目的:保持公平的竞争环境,保护运动员的健康,维护体育形象出发,对不同观点进行了分析和探讨。     

耦合磁场力学二维分析与研究

对一种磁力驱动器建立了实体模型和2D磁场有限元模型,系统地进行了耦合磁场力学二维分析与研究,推导出2D磁场转矩方程,通过磁场结构参数特性的分析,得出了外磁体厚度为4～8 mm、磁隙空气层厚度为2～4 mm等重要数据,为磁力驱动装置的优化设计提供了理论依据.     

电伴热系统的应用与管道温度偏差的控制研究

郑西客运专线西安北站房工程的大部分管道处于室外或半室外空间,在冬季会有冻裂的危险。而电伴热方法可补充管道的热量损失,维持管道的温度,使得管道的温度偏差不会超过规定值,从而避免了管道的冻裂。阐述了电伴热系统的工作原理与特点,介绍了伴热电缆的施工技术。     

Amplitudes, rates, periodicities and causes of temperature variations in the past 2485 years and future trends over the central-eastern Tibetan Plateau

Amplitudes, rates, periodicities, causes and future trends of temperature variations based on tree rings for the past 2485 years on the central-eastern Tibetan Plateau were analyzed. The results showed that extreme climatic events on the Plateau, such as the Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age and 20th Century Warming appeared synchronously with those in other places worldwide. The largest amplitude and rate of temperature change occurred during the Eastern Jin Event (343-425 AD), and not in the late 20th century. There were significant cycles of 1324 a, 800 a, 199 a, 110 a and 2-3 a in the 2485-year temperature series. The 1324 a, 800 a, 199 a and 110 a cycles are associated with solar activity, which greatly affects the Earth surface temperature. The long-term trends (>1000 a) of temperature were controlled by the millennium-scale cycle, and amplitudes were dominated by multi-century cycles. Moreover, cold intervals corresponded to sunspot minimums. The prediction indicated that the temperature will decrease in the future until to 2068 AD and then increase again.     

Vegetation effects on mean daily maximum and minimum surface air temperatures over China

Changes in the daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) surface air temperatures and the associated temperature extremes have severe consequences on human society and the natural environment. In this study, we assess vegetation effects on mean Tmax and Tmin over China by computing a vegetation feedback parameter using the satellite-sensed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and observed temperatures for the period 1982–2002. In all seasons, vegetation exerts a much stronger forcing on Tmax than on Tmin, and thus has a substantial effect on the diurnal temperature range (DTR) over China. Significant positive feedbacks on Tmax and the DTR occupy many areas of China with the feedback parameters exceeding 1°C (0.1 NDVI)–1, while significant negative effects only appear over the summertime climatic and ecological transition zone of northern China and some other isolated areas. Also, the vegetation feedbacks are found to vary with season. In areas where significant feedbacks occur, vegetation contributes to typically 10%–30% of the total variances in Tmax, Tmin, and the DTR. These findings suggest that vegetation memory offers the potential for improving monthly-to-seasonal forecasting of Tmax and Tmin, and the associated temperature extremes over China. Meanwhile, the limitations and uncertainties of the study should be recognized.     

皖北地区参加省大运会田径运动员损伤特点的调查研究

采用文献资料法和问卷调查法等科研方法,对皖北地区参加省大学生运会田径运动员在训练和比赛过程中损伤的特点和原因进行研究分析.结果显示:参赛运动员的运动损伤率是100%.引起运动损伤的原因主要有:技术动作存在缺点或错误、局部负荷量过大、准备活动不充分、缺乏参加比赛的经验等.结论:应用运动处方合理安排训练、加强训练场地的检修、做好准备活动、加强易受伤部位训练等可有效地预防运动损伤的发生.     

综合物探方法在煤矿火烧区探测中的应用

煤层在燃烧过程中,煤层上覆岩石受到高温烘烤,在磁性、导电性和温度等方面物理性质发生显著的变化,为磁法、自然电位法、测温法提供了理论基础。通过实例来说明综合物探方法对确定火烧区范围的有效性,并可优势互补、互相验证,提高物探解释精度。     

田径裁判员对运动员心理与行为的影响

结合担任奥运会田径裁判员工作的实践经历,研究优秀国际田径裁判员在职业观念、心理素养、态度和行为等方面的品质,阐释在田径赛场上裁判员应该增强对参赛运动员的心理关怀的理念,提出国内田径裁判员在职业观念的转变、心理与行为素养的提高等方面的要求.     

钼粉还原自动化生产线装料称重装置的设计

针对钼粉还原炉自动化生产线的工艺需求,设计了一种装料称重刮平与现场控制为一体的钼粉自动化装料称重装置。详细论述了该装置的机构组成及工作原理,并以ADuC824单片机为主控单元、EPM7128为逻辑信号处理单元构建完整的软硬件测控单元平台,设计制作了相应的部件单元和软件程序,并进行了现场试运行实验。实验结果表明,该称重装置重复性测量精度标准差为1.5 g,最大相对误差为0.11%,达到了钼粉还原炉自动化生产线所要求的称重误差控制要求。     

试论王晓方的《驻京办主任》系列小说

王晓方的《驻京办主任》系列小说从单一的驻京办"批评"转向为对体制改革、人性缺陷的反思,并在此过程中融入了对中国当代官场文化生态的悲剧性审美,体现了作者试图对中国"政治"文学场域进行更为宽广的拓展,以此构建其独特的文化诗学。其中系列小说一、二部和三、四部的艺术旨意有着明显的差异,前两部小说存在"道德性"的论断与痕迹,后两部小说则试图从整个政治框架去思考官场人物的心理变迁及这种变迁的悲剧性,寻求从人性的角度去拓展当代中国的"政治"文学场域。