槲皮素修饰碳糊电极吸附溶出伏安法测定血清中的铅

建立了用槲皮素修饰碳糊电极吸附溶出伏安法测定血清中的铅的方法.在浓度为0.10mol·/L的甲酸钠-盐酸缓冲溶液(pH=4.3)中,于-0.10V(vs.SCE)搅拌富集,再在-0.70V静止还原40s后,阳极化扫描.于-0.42V左右获得一灵敏的铅阳极溶出峰.在最佳条件下,富集不同的时间,其二阶导数峰电流与铅离子在1.0×10-8-8.0×10-7mol·/L和2.0×10-9-6.0×10-8mol·/L两个范围内呈线性关系,检出限为6.0×10-8mol·/L,同时对电极反应机理进行了讨论.     

原位监测水泥基材料早期电阻率的变化过程

为了考察辅助性胶凝材料和细骨料对水泥水化的影响,利用新型无电极电阻率仪原位连续监测水泥基材料早期的微结构演变进程,系统分析了水胶比、硅灰掺量、矿渣掺量、粉煤灰掺量、细骨料体积分数和骨料粒级对水泥基材料电阻率的影响.试验结果表明:在水化3 000 min内,根据水泥基材料电阻率的发展曲线,可将水泥水化过程分为溶解期、诱导期、加速期和减速期4个阶段;电阻率的发展速率随水胶比的增加而显著下降;在水胶比相同的情况下,砂浆电阻率高于净浆电阻率;掺加矿物掺合料致使后期电阻率的变化速率降低,掺加硅灰则导致水化加速期提前;在早期水化过程中,硅灰的活性最高,矿渣的活性次之,粉煤灰的活性最低;细骨料的体积分数和骨料粒级越大,砂浆的电阻率越大.     

Effects of binder strength and aggregate size on the compressive strength and void ratio of porous concrete

To test the influence of binder strength, porous concretes with 4 binder strengths between 30.0-135.0 MPa and 5 void ratios between 15%-35% were tested. The results indicated that for the same aggregate, the rates of strength reduction due to the increases in void ratio were the same for binders with different strengths. To study the influence of aggregate size, 3 single size aggregates with nominal sizes of 5.0, 13.0 and 20.0 mm (Nos. 7, 6 and 5 according to JIS A 5001) were used to make porous concrete. The strengths of porous concrete are found to be dependent on aggregate size. The rate of strength reduction of porous concrete with small aggregate size is found to be higher than that with larger aggregate size. At the same void ratio, the strength of porous concrete with large aggregate is larger than that with small aggregate. The general equations for porous concrete are related to compressive strength and void ratio for different binder strengths and aggregate sizes.     

倾斜-急倾斜多层矿床充填法安全开采高度研究

通过分析倾斜-急倾斜多层矿床各矿层间的位置关系,并结合国内外采用充填法作业的矿山工程实例,运用函数拟合方法,推导出多层矿床安全开采高度的计算公式。以某铜矿为研究对象,设计采用5因素、5水平正交试验对安全开采高度的影响因素进行敏感性分析,并讨论主要影响因素与安全开采高度的关系。结果表明,矿层间距、矿体倾角和地下水对安全开采高度的影响最为显著,围岩地质构造特征和普氏系数的影响次之;安全开采高度与矿层间距呈线性正相关关系,与矿体倾角呈非线性正相关关系,与地下水影响程度呈非线性负相关关系。根据所推导的计算公式以及实际的矿体赋存条件和围岩参数,得到该矿的安全开采高度为3.71~5.38m,同时针对开采方案提出了相关建议。     

聚醚类减水剂的合成及性能

采用自由基共聚的方法将甲基烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚、 2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸、 马来酸酐和丙烯酸4种单体合成一系列聚醚类高效减水剂, 并通过红外光谱、 核磁共振氢谱和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)确认产物结构、 分子量及其分布, 探讨单体配比与合成工艺, 考察减水剂的掺量和温度对水泥净浆流动度及减水率的影响,
 比较该减水剂在不同水泥应用中的适应性. 实验结果表明： 该聚醚类高效减水剂分散性较高, 初始与1 h后净浆流动度分别为310,300 mm, 减水率为35%; 在3种水泥应用中均表现优异.     

经络膏外敷治疗股骨头缺血性坏死

股骨头无菌性坏死属临床顽症,目前国内外治疗该病,均采用手术疗法,属于破坏性治疗,患者痛苦大,支付的医疗费用高.采用纯中药经络膏治疗该病,无痛苦、无创伤、疗程短、治愈率高、无毒无副作用、经济方便,总体效果良好,值得推广应用.     

Catalytic performance of nano-hybrid graphene and titanium dioxide modified cathodes fabricated with facile and green technique in microbial fuel cell

Finite resources of the world''s fossil fuel give rise to the irresistible urge to explore alternative renewable energy routes such as microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The limited productivity is one of the main obstacles for MFC scalability. In this study, a dual-chamber MFC was assembled and equipped with fabricated modified cathodes with titanium dioxide (TiO2) or hybrid graphene (HG) which mainly improved the catalytic activity of the cathode. The graphite paste (GP) bare electrode was modified by both nanomaterials using a green and facile technique. The results showed that the modified cathodes resulted in a considerable improvement for the MFC performance, i.e., the power density reaching levels of 80 mW/m2 for GP-TiO2 and 220 mW/m2 for GP-HG compared to 30 mW/m2 for GP electrode. Additionally, the modified electrodes exhibited lower charge transfer resistance (Rct) compared to the bare electrode. Therefore, these modified electrodes, fabricated by an eco-friendly method, could be used as alternatives to the precious expensive metals like Pt.     

充填料浆沉降规律研究及输送可行性分析

通过分析充填料浆在管道自流输送系统中的运动形式与充填骨料固体颗粒的沉降规律,得知充填料浆能否稳定地输送到采空区跟输送速度及水平管道的长度有关。结合孙村煤矿的煤矸石似膏体充填料浆的特点,利用Fluent流体分析软件对料浆的管道输送过程进行了模拟,并从理论上分析了以煤矸石作为主要骨料的似膏体利用管道自流输送的可行性。模拟分析表明,料浆的自流压差能够克服在管道自流输送过程中的沿程阻力损失,并且在3.82m/s的水平管道输送速度下,料浆垂直脉动速度分量38.3cm/s大于煤矸石的干涉沉降速度0.99cm/s,因此,似膏体能够自流输送到采空区。     

复合胶凝材料的抗硫酸性能与腐蚀动力学分析

通过硫酸浸泡腐蚀试验,研究矿粉单掺、硅灰-矿粉双掺2种复合胶凝材料体系的抗硫酸腐蚀性能.以质量损失、酸消耗量和腐蚀深度等为测试指标,研究了硬化水泥石在硫酸溶液中的劣化性能.结果表明,硫酸溶蚀水泥石形成的疏松腐蚀层可避免内部水泥石与酸直接接触,具有减缓酸腐蚀的作用.根据不同腐蚀时间的腐蚀深度建立了硬化水泥石的酸腐蚀动力学方程d=Ktn,d和t分别为腐蚀深度和腐蚀时间,K和n为试验拟合指数.据此可推算水泥石一定腐蚀时期的腐蚀深度,为混凝土结构设计、维修和防护等提供参考.     

活性染料印花色浆黏弹性行为与印制性能的相互关系

通过稳态剪切和小幅振荡频率扫描试验,系统研究了钙离子对印花色浆黏弹性行为的影响,并进行圆网印花,探讨了具有不同黏弹性行为的糊料的印制性能.研究结果表明:钙离子对色浆的黏弹性能影响很显著,随着钙离子质量分数的增加,含钙离子色浆的储能模量逐渐增加,损耗角逐渐降低,其弹性效应越来越强,表现出越来越显著的弹性行为.当色浆中含有的钙离子质量分数大于0.03%,随着钙离子质量分数的增加,印制的花纹越来越不精细,大片白地区域越来越多,色浆透网性也越来越差.