Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: introduction and family Papilionidae

This article marks the beginning of a short series on the butterfly fauna of Mount Kilimanjaro. It commences with a brief overview of the topography, tectonic history, climate, ecological zonation and conservation significance of Africa's highest mountain. Following an introductory account to the butterfly fauna, the rest of this paper presents an annotated checklist of the swallowtails (Papilionidae). Eight papilionid species are currently believed to occur within the main forest zone, from 1800 to 2800 m (in places this zone extends down to c.1600 m). Another 10 have been recorded from the lower slopes, which include some disturbed forest and forest relicts, from 700–1800 m. The need for better data is discussed in light of the suggestion that the butterflies of Mount Kilimanjaro could become a focal group for monitoring effects of climate change. An identification key to families, together with a key to the swallowtail species and colour illustrations of adults, are included as online Supplementary Information.     

历史唯物主义视野：人民群众在创建道德文明中的主体地位

在历史唯物主义视野里,人民群众也应是道德文明创建活动的主体。这种主体地位和主体力量可以从创建承担主体、创建评价主体和创建接受主体三个方面加以分析和认识。在我国社会主义初级阶段,肯定人民群众在创建道德文明活动中的主体地位,发挥人民群众在创建道德文明活动中的主体力量,就需要厘清人民群众主体地位与其代表者之间、＂官风＂建设与＂民风＂建设之间的逻辑关系,以及＂伦理观念＂和道德经验与作为＂特殊的社会意识形态＂的道德之间的逻辑关系。     

唐代祭神文论略

唐代社会神灵崇拜非常普及,祭神成为整个社会的风俗,与之伴生的祭神文在此时达到空前繁荣,文能通神的信仰盛行于世;唐代祭祀文化与祭祀文学存在密切相关性,唐代祭神文参与仪式,使仪式更具交流沟通性,让行为与过程再现并留存于文本。     

The atyid shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) rostrum: phylogeny versus adaptation,taxonomy versus trophic ecology

Cave shrimps of the subgenus Troglocaris (Atyidae), exhibit high variability in rostral length and dentition. In shrimp populations that co-occur with the amphibian predator Proteus anguinus, longer rostra armed with more numerous teeth are recorded. These shrimps are also larger than those living in a presumably Proteus-free environment. Discrepancies between molecularly established phylogenetic relationships and distributions of rostral length, as well as body size, directed our search towards possible environmental influences. These discrepancies suggest that rostral shape is not a reliable taxonomic character in some generic and many specific diagnoses in Atyidae. We discuss some taxonomic consequences of sexual and ontogenetic rostral differences with regard to the molecular phylogenetic tree. In preliminary laboratory observations, no frontal attack by Proteus was successful on shrimps with long rostra. Proteus also needed more time to swallow shrimps with long rostra.     

等效性/非劣性检验在方法学研究中的应用尝试

在方法学研究和比较试验中引入等效性/非劣性判定检验,介绍此类试验样本数的估算、判定界值的确定及进行非劣性判定的假设检验理论和实际过程,并举例进行计量数据方法的非劣性判定.     

粉煤灰性能与其最优掺量的灰色关联分析

为研究粉煤灰品质对混凝土开裂性能的影响,利用改进的平板法分析粉煤灰的品质和掺量对混凝土的开裂性能的影响.同时,采用灰色关联分析方法研究粉煤灰粒径分布与化学成分对其最优掺量的影响.研究结果表明:粒径小于20.4μm的粉煤灰颗粒与其最优掺量是正关联;适当提高粉煤灰中MgO,K2O,CaO与SO3的质量分数和降低烧失量可以提高其最优掺量.     

大熊猫体型变化及兴衰分析

利用收集到的47号现生大熊猫头骨标本与古代化石标本禄丰祖熊猫，小型大熊猫，大熊猫武陵山亚种和大熊猫巴氏亚种进行比较，表明大熊猫的体型变化是由小→大→小，并分析了体型变化的原因，从内外因素的相互作用方面剖析了大熊猫目前的处境及濒危原因，提出了延缓哀亡进程的措施。     

具有最佳连通性的网络的构造

本文利用连通循环图及其连通度的有关性质,得到了构造具有最佳连通性的循环网络的定理。根据这些定理,可构造出包含著名学者Harary得出的H_(m,n)连通网络在内的最佳连通性网络。     

砂轮粒度及其修整影响GCr15钢磨削表面质量的研究

本文探讨了砂轮粒度及其修整对滚动轴承钢Gcr15磨削表面质量的影响。采用不同粒度、不同修整导程的砂轮分别在外圆磨床上进行切入式横磨,对磨削力、磨削温度、工件表层显微硬度及其表面粗糙度等影响均作了试验研究。结果表明,合理选择砂轮粒度与修整导程是提高滚动轴承钢磨削表面质量的重要途径之一。