长白山矿泉水补给径流与排泄关系

为研究长白山地区广泛分布的偏硅酸型矿泉水的补给源,通过氢氧同位素与水化学分析,结合水文地质、地球物理等资料,确定长白山泉水接受来自于西藏羌塘盆地的外源水补给。长白山泉水TDS很低但富含偏硅酸的现象表明,地下水流经的含水层是由硅酸盐等火山岩组成,结合长白山地区火山玄武岩大量的喷发事实,推断地下水导水通道由孔洞玄武岩构成。指出应加强对西藏冰川、河流与湖泊的保护,从而确保长白山优质矿泉水能够持续地开发利用。     

高铟闪锌矿在氧压酸浸中铟浸出动力学的研究

铟是一种重要的多用途战略金属,具有较高的工业应用价值,但无独立可供开采的矿床,常伴生于铅锌等硫化矿中.因此,本文在传统电加热条件下进行了高铟闪锌矿氧压酸浸过程中铟浸出动力学实验的研究.结果表明:采用“有固态产物层的液-固相浸出反应动力学模型”对铟浸出动力学进行了研究,可知其浸出速率受到界面化学反应控制,其表观活化能为69.735kJ/mol,以及高铟闪锌矿氧压酸浸过程中铟浸出率随粒度减小、初始酸度增大、氧分压增大、浸出温度增大而增大.     

四(4-溴)苯基铂卟啉荧光猝灭氧传感器的研究

研究了以PVC膜为支持体系,以四(4-溴)苯基铂卟啉为敏感物质的荧光猝灭氧传感器对分子氧的响应特性．该氧传感器敏感膜的最大激发波长为402nm,最大发射波长为664nm,分子氧可以有效地猝灭四(4-溴)苯基铂卟啉敏感膜的荧光．在100％N2和100％O2中的荧光强度之比大于40倍;在N2饱和和空气饱和的水中荧光强度之比大于14倍,有较高的灵敏度,其寿命大于3个月。     

催化氧解褐煤生产黄腐植酸的实验研究

对云南曲靖褐煤进行H2O2、HNO3氧解提取黄腐植酸的研究,考察了H2O2、HNO,氧解中N—Mn—TiO2介孔催化剂对黄腐植酸产率和组成结构的影响,对系列氧化产物OFA和NFA进行了官能团含量定性、定量分析,红外光谱分析．研究结果表明：两种N—Mn—TiO2介孔催化剂都能显著提高黄腐植酸的产率,催化剂1（N：Mn：Ti比为16：0．001：1焙烧温度400℃）、催化剂2（N：Mn：Ti比为16：0．001：1焙烧温度100℃）催化H2O2、HNO3氧解时产率较不加时分别增加了32．17％、10．69％和8．61％、7．49％．理化组成研究表明：加入催化剂后,H2O2氧解产物中的总酸性基含量变化不大,羧基含量增加,酚羟基含量降低,HNO3氧解产物中总酸性基、酚羟基含量降低．OFA与NFA的结构组成不同．     

用电化学测试方法解析阴离子在水溶盐电解液中的传输行为

测试分析锌离子电池中阴离子的氧化还原反应, 以MnO₂为研究对象, 用循环伏安法、 恒流充放电法及非原位X射线光电子能谱测试分析MnO₂中的氧在水溶盐电解液中的氧化还原反应. 结果表明, 在低浓度电解液中, 氧未发生氧化还原反应, 在质量摩尔浓度为30 mol/kg的ZnC_l2电解液中, 氧在高电位处发生氧化还原反应.     

低氧LiF–NdF3熔盐体系阳极过程的电化学行为研究

The oxidation of oxygen ions and the generation of an anode effect at a low oxygen content of 150 mg/kg were discussed in this paper. Cyclic voltammetry and square-wave voltammetry tests were conducted to explore the anodic processes of LiF–NdF₃ melt after a lengthy period of pre-electrolysis purification at 1000°C (during which the oxygen content reduced from 413 to 150 mg/kg). The oxidation process of oxygen ions was found to have two stages: oxidation product adsorption and CO/CO₂ gas evolution. The adsorption stage was controlled by diffusion, whereas the gas evolution was controlled by the electrochemical reaction. In comparison with oxygen content of 413 mg/kg, the decrease in the amplitude of the current at low oxygen content of 150 mg/kg was much gentler during the forward scanning process when the anode effect occurred. Fluorine-ion oxidation peaks that occurred at about 4.2 V vs. Li/Li+ could be clearly observed in the reverse scanning processes, in which fluorine ions were oxidized and perfluorocarbons were produced, which resulted in an anode effect.     

DO对短程反硝化过程中N2O产量的影响

利用SBR反应器,考察不同溶解氧(DO)条件下NO2-反硝化过程中N2O产生及释放过程。研究结果表明:控制曝气量为0.3 L/min,进水NO2--N质量浓度为40 mg/L,体系DO质量浓度分别为0,0.1,0.3,0.5和0.7 mg/L时,反硝化过程N2O释放量分别为0.41,0.60,2.62,4.98,6.83 mg/L;随DO质量浓度的增加,反硝化速率明显降低;当DO质量浓度由0 mg/L增至0.7 mg/L时,每克混合液悬浮固体(MLSS)的NO2-反硝化速率由14.9 mg/(L.h)降至10.2 mg/(L.h),每克MLSS的N2O产生速率由0.2 mg/(L.h)增至1.9 mg/(L.h)。其原因为:高DO质量浓度对氧化亚氮还原酶具有较强的毒性,抑制了N2O的进一步还原过程;高NO2-的存在导致抑制了氧化亚氮还原酶的活性。降低A/O和A2/O等生物脱氮过程中缺氧反应器内部DO质量浓度,保证严格缺氧条件,是减少短程生物反硝化过程中N2O产量的关键因素。     

基于PIC18F2520的极谱式溶解氧传感器设计

采用覆膜极谱式溶解氧测量工作原理,以PIC18F2520为核心控制器设计了一种溶解氧传感器,并对传感器的温度、压力及盐度补偿算法进行了研究。试验证明,该设计结构简单、性能稳定,温度测量精度误差为±0.3 ℃,溶解氧测量精度误差为±0.07 mg/L。     

Advanced Treatment of Wastewater and Slightly Deteriorated Raw Water by Biological Activated Carbon Method under Rich Oxygen Condition

Rich oxygen-biological activated carbon(RO-BAC)method developed from traditional BAC method is a sys-tem in which high pressure is applied to improve the oxy-gen concentration of the influent.Experiment withwastewater and the slightly deteriorated raw water showsthe system is an effective option for advanced treatmentof industry wastewater and pretreatment of slightly dete-riorated raw water.The experiment results and the in-fluential factors are discussed in this paper.     

Reduction behavior and kinetics of vanadium-titanium sinters under high potential oxygen enriched pulverized coal injection

In this work, the reduction behavior of vanadium-titanium sinters was studied under five different sets of conditions of pulverized coal injection with oxygen enrichment. The modified random pore model was established to analyze the reduction kinetics. The results show that the reduction rate of sinters was accelerated by an increase of CO and H₂ contents. Meanwhile, with the increase in CO and H₂ contents, the increasing range of the medium reduction index (MRE) of sinters decreased. The increasing oxygen enrichment ratio played a diminishing role in improving the reduction behavior of the sinters. The reducing process kinetic parameters were solved using the modified random role model. The results indicated that, with increasing oxygen enrichment, the contents of CO and H₂ in the reducing gas increased. The reduction activation energy of the sinters decreased to between 20.4 and 23.2 kJ/mol.