SPIO标记的反义探针磁学性能检测

采用化学交联法制备超顺磁性氧化铁(SPIO)标记的c-erbB2癌基因反义脱氧寡核苷酸探针,经过1.5T磁共振仪测定,其T2弛豫率为0.156×106mol-1·S-1;振动样品磁强计测定出探针的磁化强度为69.423 8 emu/g Fe,比饱和磁化强度68.413 4 emu/g,比剩余磁化强度为30.354 1 emu/g,剩磁为19.734 5 Gs.为了检测探针的有效性,进一步使用该探针转染高表达c-erbB2癌基因的SK-Br-3肿瘤细胞株,同时使用正义和无义探针转染SK-Br-3肿瘤细胞株、反义探针转染正常小鼠肝细胞作对照,结果发现反义探针能够特异性进入SK-Br-3肿瘤细胞内,且能明显改善该细胞的磁学参数并降低磁共振扫描下的信号强度.     

冰晶石熔体的电导性质

采用电化学交流阻抗谱法研究了Na3AlF6(冰晶石)-Al2O3熔盐体系的总电导以及CaO加入对其电性能的影响. 根据测得的阻抗谱,提出了等效电路,用EvolCRT电化学软件对阻抗数据进行了拟合. 获得了Na3AlF6-Al2O3体系电导率随温度及Al2O3浓度变化的数学关系. CaO加入使得体系电导率增加.     

Rearrangements of microtubule cytoskeleton in stomatal closure of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis</Emphasis> induced by nitric oxide

NO （nitric oxide）, known as a key signal molecule in plant, plays important roles in regulation of stomatal movement. In this study, microtubule dynamics and its possible mechanism in the NO signal pathway were investigated. The results were as follows： （i） In vivo stomatsl aperture assays revealed that both vinblastine （microtubule-disrupUng drug） and SNP （exogenous NO donor） prevented stomatsl opening in the light, and vinblastine even could enhance the inhibitory effect of SNP, whereas tsxol （a microtubule-stsbilizing agent） was able to reduce this effect; （ii） microtubules in the opening Arabi-dopsis guard cells expressing GFP：a-tubulin-6 （AtGFP：a-tubulin-6） were organized in parallel, straight and dense bundles, radiating from the ventral side to the dorsal side, and most of them were localized perpendicularly to the ventral wall; （iii） under the same environmental conditions, treated with SNP for 30 min, the radial arrays of microtubules in guard cells began to break down, twisted partially and be- came oblique or exhibited a random pattern; （iv） furthermore, the involvement of cytosolic Ca^2＋ in this event was tested. Stomatal aperture assays revealed that BAPTA-AM （a chelator of Ca^2＋） greatly suppressed the effect of NO on stomatal closure; however, it did not show the same function on stomatal closure induced by vinblastine. When BAPTA-AM was added to the SNP-pretreated solution, the SNP-induced disordered microtubulue cytoskeleton in guard cells underwent rearrangement in a time-dependent manner. After 30 min of treatment with BAPTA-AM, the cortical microtubules resumed the original radial distribution, almost the same as the control. All this indicates that NO may promote rearrangement of microtubule cytoskeleton via elevation of [Ca^2＋]cyt （free Ca^2＋ concentration in the cytoplasm）, finally leading to stomatsl closure.     

Molten-salt synthesis of tungsten oxide nanotubes： Morphological and gas sensitivity

A very simple molten-salt method was used to synthesize WO3 nanotubes at moderate temperature （600 ）. The outer and inner diameters of the WO3 nanotubes were about 100 nm and 30 nm,with a length of dozens of micrometers. TEM and XRD analyses showed that the WO3 nanotubes were single crystal, and had monoclinic structure with the axes preferentially aligned along the [011] direction. The photoluminescence and the gas sensitivity of the nanotubes had been tested, showing that the products very well responded to acetone at 340℃.     

Nitric oxide suppresses stomatal opening by inhibiting inward-rectifying K<Stack><Subscript>in</Subscript><Superscript>+</Superscript></Stack> channels in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis</Emphasis> guard cells

We explore nitric oxide （NO） effect on K^＋in, channels in Arabidopsis guard cells. We observed NO inhibited K^＋in, currents when Ca^2＋ chelator EGTA （Ethylene glycol-bis（2-aminoethylether）-N,N,N′,N;tetraacetic acid） was not added in the pipette solution; K^＋in currents were not sensitive to NO when cytosolic Ca^2＋ was chelated by EGTA. NO inhibited the Arabidopsis stomatal opening, but when EGTA was added in the bath solution, inhibition effect of NO on stomatal opening vanished. Thus, it implies that NO elevates cytosolic Ca^2＋ by activating plasma membrane Ca^2＋ channels firstly, then inactivates K^＋in, chartnels, resulting in stomatal opening suppressed subsequently.     

三维聚合物电解质膜燃料电池中水的输运模拟

针对新型螺旋形加压聚合物电解质膜燃料电池,提出了一种液态水生成和输运效应的数值模型.该数值模型基于燃料电池的物理机理、流体流动、传热导、多孔介质中的传质、电化学反应、含相变的多相流动、电流输运、多孔介质和固体导电区域中的位势场以及穿过聚合物膜的水的输运设计优化过程.在分析中还使用了燃料电池模型.例如,电化学模型--用于预测局部电流密度和电压分布;位势场模型--用于预测多孔介质以及固体导电区中的电流和电压;多相混合物模型--用于预测在多孔扩散层中的液态水和气体流;薄膜多相模型--用于研究气体流道中的液态水流.最后给出了聚合物电解质膜燃料电池液态水生成和输运的理论模型的数值结果,包括催化层和膜中的H2,O2和H2O的质量和克分子数的等值线图.     

漂珠负载TiO_2膜的制备及其光催化降解特性

以钛酸丁酯为先驱物,经过溶胶凝胶过程在漂珠转换（FB）表面负载成膜,得到具有光催化特性的样品（TiO2/FB）.经扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线粉末衍射（XRD）以及傅立叶转换红外光谱分析（FTIR）等多方表征,TiO2在漂珠表面的成膜厚度约为2μm,由粒径尺寸约为100 nm的TiO2颗粒组成;经650℃处理,无定形的TiO2转变为金红石型;TiO2薄膜与漂珠表面之间通过Ti-O-Si键连接.研究了溶胶凝胶条件以及漂珠表面的羟基化处理,对TiO2成膜形貌的影响以及TiO2/FB对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解特性.结果表明,以紫外灯为光源,经180 min照射,TiO2/FB对亚甲基蓝的光降解率达到92%.     

基于等式约束最小二乘的B样条曲线拟合

 给出一种B样条曲线拟合有序数据的方法。以曲率为代价对有序数据简化。将简化后的数据插值曲线作为硬约束条件,以原始数据逼近曲线作为软约束条件,建立等式约束的最小二乘方程。利用QR分解技术求解方程确定B样条曲线的控制点。采用平方距离最小化方法计算原始数据到生成的B样条曲线的距离,如果不满足误差要求将误差最大数据加入硬约束条件,对局部受影响的部分重新生成曲线。该方法在满足拟合精度的前提下,具有较快的收敛速度,生成的B样条曲线具有较少的控制点。该方法也可用于解决带约束的曲线拟合问题。     

碱土金属氧化物对蒽醌氢化催化剂性能的影响

考察了不同碱土金属氧化物对蒽醌氢化制备过氧化氢的Pd/δ,θ-Al2O3催化剂性能的影响,采用XRD,N2物理吸附和H2-O2滴定等技术对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,适量的碱土金属氧化物能适度抑制Al2O3的高温烧结,使催化剂的比表面积从56增大到75 m2/g,催化剂上金属Pd的分散度从13.59%提高到34.53%,从而使得催化剂的氢化活性从72.96提高到89.37 mmol.(h.L)-1.相同含量的碱土金属氧化物对Pd/δ,θ-Al2O3催化剂活性的影响顺序为CaO>SrO>BaO>MgO.     

活性Al2O3负载Mn-Ce氧化物催化分子氧选择氧化醇类研究

以硝酸锰和硝酸铈为锰源和铈源采用湿法浸渍法制备了不同锰铈比的γ-Al2O3负载Mn-Ce氧化物催化剂．实验结果表明,该催化剂能够有效催化以分子氧为氧化剂的醇类选择氧化反应,产物以醛或酮为主,且该催化剂能够多次循环使用而不降低活性．XRD结果表明,负载在Al2O3上的锰主要是以颗粒状β-MnO2形式存在,少量铈的加入能够促进锰的分散,使负载的β-MnO2颗粒变小,从而呈现较高的催化活性．当锰铈原子比为9：1时,催化活性最高．焙烧温度影响催化剂的结构和组成,在较低的温度下（300℃以下）硝酸锰仅能部分分解为β—MnO2,而过高的温度（700℃）将使β-MnO2发生分解,从而降低催化活性．另外,本文还研究了氧分压、反应温度等动力学因素对催化反应性能的影响以及催化剂的稳定性．