The effect of shock on blood oxidation-reduction potential

Oxidation-reduction (redox) potential measurements were made in the blood of rabbits subjected to hemorrhagic shock followed by treatment with a mild oxidizing agent (albumin). Control redox potential reading corrected for pH was –8.8±1.3 millivolts (mV) in arterial blood (A) and –18.0±2.0 mV in venous blood (V). This A-V difference indicated that hydrogen equivalents coming from muscle and other tissues were partially consumed in the lungs. A 20-mV drop on the V and a 13 mV on the A side was seen after shock. This did not fully return to control 2 h after return of the shed blood. Infusion of 2 g of albumin/kg/h raised the V redox potential to control, but it returned to untreated levels when the albumin was discontinued. The reductive load imposed on the animal by shock appeared to be large and not readily reversed by reperfusion or by the quantity of albumin given. Thus, it may be concluded that cellular respiration had not been adequately restored. This reductive load may impede recovery by suppression of cellular respiration and other cell and organ functions.     

Changes in the power spectrum of electrical signals in maize leaf induced by osmotic stress

To quantify the characteristics of the power spectrum of plant electrical signals, we defined the following concepts:spectral edge frequency (SEF), spectral center frequency (SCF), power index (PI) and power spectral entropy (PSE). These parameters were used to examine and quantify changes in the power spectrum of electrical signals in maize leaves under osmotic stress. In the absence of osmotic stress, the SEF of the electrical signal in maize leaves was approx. 0.2 Hz and the SCF was approx. 0.1 Hz. The electrical signal in maize leaves was mainly a slow wave signal with a frequency of 0-0.1 Hz. After 2 h osmotic stress, the SEF and SCF of the electrical signal increased to higher frequencies. The proportion of the fast wave frequency also increased to 0.1-0.2 Hz, resulting in a dramatic increase in PSE. We also found that the changes in PSE and SCF were significantly correlated during osmotic stress. We propose that the changes in the PSE and SCF in maize leaves can be used as a sensitive signal indicating water deficit in leaf cells under osmotic stress. Thus, measurement of SCF or PSE of electrical signals in maize leaves could be used to develop early warning and rapid diagnosis techniques for the water demands of plants.     

冲击加载下两种典型抗高过载炸药的损伤特性

为研究冲击加载条件下典型抗高过载炸药的损伤特性,基于隔板实验的方法开展了两种典型抗高过载炸药的冲击损伤实验。通过改变隔板厚度,在炸药中产生不同程度的损伤。利用CT系统和扫描电镜研究了不同冲击加载条件下样品的损伤特性。结果表明,损伤后样品的密度变化与成型工艺有关,浇注成型炸药损伤后密度变小;而压装成型炸药损伤后密度变大。浇注炸药的扫描电镜结果表明,随着冲击强度的逐渐增大,炸药晶体与黏结剂之间的脱粘现象越明显,微孔洞也逐渐增大增多。     

汽车减振器ADS阀用电磁铁吸力计算及实验研究

本文以电磁场理论为基础,推导出汽车减振器ADS阀用电磁铁的吸力计算公式。根据电磁铁的外在结构形式,设计出一种测量电磁铁的力学性能的实验系统。通过这套实验系统对其电磁铁进行力学性能的测试,结合实验数据和分析结果表明推导的公式具有非常高的准确度。该公式为汽车减振器ADS阀用电磁铁的研究和设计提供了一定的理论价值。     

损伤炸药的冲击起爆数值模拟

通过对炸药化学反应速率方程的分析,建立了基于KIM弹粘塑性球壳塌缩热点模型原理的三项式整体化学反应速率方程模型. 运用遗传算法确定了反应速率方程相关参数,通过与Forest-Fire反应速率模型数值模拟结果对比验证所建模型的合理性. 将所建反应速率方程模型嵌入有限元程序对PBX炸药起爆过程进行数值模拟,数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好,可以描述分析受冲击加载造成孔隙率、颗粒尺寸等变化的损伤炸药的冲击起爆过程.     

重度腹外伤后并发腹腔高压综合征的诊断及治疗

目的总结分析重度腹外伤后并发腹腔高压综合征的诊断及治疗经验.方法分析2例重度腹外伤伴失血性休克并发ACS病例,根据临床表现确定ACS诊断后,及时行腹腔减压,分别以腹壁覆盖及塑料袋缝合暂时性关腹.结果及时认识治疗ACS并行腹腔减压适量延长切口,结果满意,病患恢复平稳.结论对ACS的认识是及时诊断及治疗的关键,开腹减压以保证患者平稳渡过水肿期,选择合适的材料,有利于患者的康复.     

超音流中菱形口射流及相互作用激波结构

基于在不同射流角(10°,27.5°,45°,90°)和动量比下(0.1 MPa,0.46 MPa)对音速次膨胀射流通过菱形口喷射到马赫5横穿主流的实验及圆形射流器的对比实验,研究了次膨胀射流与超音横穿主流相互作用流场.结果表明在低射流角和动压比下相互作用激波保持附着,脱体激波产生lambda激波,lambda激波出现于高射流角、动压比下和圆形喷射器情况.射流外边界高度在射流进入主流过程中不断增加,而且在大射流角下较大.由于侧向扩展,羽流变窄,但圆形喷射器无此变化,接近喷射口的紊流卷吸结构大小随入射角增大,穿透量随喷射角和动压比的增加而增大,在近场圆形喷射器的穿透量超过菱形喷射器,但菱形喷射器的下游穿透量会超过圆形喷射器.     

高位池养殖污染渗透规律分析

从地下水的污染和咸化、土壤的污染和盐碱化、海水的污染和富营养化等3个方面研究了高位池养殖污染的渗透规律,并确定相应的数学模型.地下水污染和咸化以民用水井中的Cl-含量来表征,Cl-检出量随水井与高位池距离的增大而呈递减变化规律;土壤的污染和盐碱化以含盐量来表征,含盐量随农田与高位池距离的增大而呈梯度递减变化规律;海水污染和富营养化以COD、TP来表征,COD、TP浓度与海水深度呈递减变化规律.     

强碰撞中型冲击机冲击特性分析

强碰撞中型冲击机是用于考核船舶设备(重量范围在120 kg—3 350 kg)的抗水下非接触型爆炸能力的试验设备。国外相关领域的研究进展很少见诸发表,目前国内的冲击试验机的研制只能大致参照美相关标准规范而进行,缺乏对其中各项技术指标的具体掌握与理解。本文通过分析实际船舶设备在水下非接触爆炸中的冲击环境,为中型冲击机数学模型、最大冲击速度、后制动距离和标准安装支架要求找到理论依据;并在保证波形失真率的情况下,优化砧台结构;之后通过数值模拟与具体冲击试验相结合,得到中型冲击机砧台速度与载荷速度的关系,以及低通滤波、后制动距离及摆锤高度对载荷冲击谱的影响。