铝热剂填充改性PTFE/Al含能材料实验研究

为了提高PTFE/Al含能材料的力学特性,利用铝热剂对零氧配比的PTFE/Al含能材料进行了填充改性,并对改性后的含能材料进行了准静态压缩实验,获得最优配比.利用最优配比制备了含能破片,采用25 mm口径弹道炮进行发射,通过高速摄影仪记录破片的冲击过程.试验结果表明,改性后的PTFE/Al力学强度约为纯PTFE/Al的1.3倍,在1 084~1 667 m/s的撞击速度下伴有猛烈的爆炸作用,证明新材料具有可靠的冲击起爆特性,穿甲孔径比为1.91~2.54.     

激光冲击处理对小孔构件残余应力场的影响

采用高功率 Nd：glass 激光器对 LY12CZ 铝合金小孔构件表面进行激光冲击强化处理,并对冲击区域进行残余应力场的测试与分析。结果显示,在激光功率密度为1．75 GW/cm2和光斑直径为6 mm 的强激光冲击作用下,冲击区域产生了残余压应力场,层深约1．2 mm,表面最大残余应力为-57 MPa,厚度方向上最大残余应力为-36 MPa。优化后的激光冲击处理工艺参数能够获得较好的残余应力场。     

A liquid helium temperature target with a 10 K vapor shield for shock compression experiment in the environment condition of 100 Pa

The shock compression experiment of liquid helium is an available way to gain properties of specimen at high temperatures and pressures.Based on Fluent,a thermal insulation analysis and design of a liquid helium temperature target in the environment condition of 100 Pa for shock compression experiment is performed.Then,a cryogenic target with a 10 K helium vapor shield and a separated vacuum interval is particularly developed.A lowest temperature of 3.63 K and a stable temperature of 3.70 K in the specimen cavity with an accuracy of 0.1 K are obtained by means of continuous flow and vacuum cooling.Both time-consuming and temperature stability are well-suited to the requirements of the shock compression experiment.The results show that the calculated and experimental data well-matched each other.The simulation method may be effective and feasible for the optimal design of the cryogenic target.     

渗透压对中华绒螯蟹生精细胞体外培养的影响

渗透压是影响体外培养细胞生长和存活的重要因子.通过6种渗透压梯度下体外培养的生精细胞的贴壁率、存活率及RNA/DNA值的测定和细胞生长状况实验,研究了渗透压对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)生精细胞体外培养的影响.实验结果初步确定了中华绒螯蟹生精细胞体外培养的适宜渗透压范围为900～1 000 mmol/L.     

Changes in the power spectrum of electrical signals in maize leaf induced by osmotic stress

To quantify the characteristics of the power spectrum of plant electrical signals, we defined the following concepts:spectral edge frequency (SEF), spectral center frequency (SCF), power index (PI) and power spectral entropy (PSE). These parameters were used to examine and quantify changes in the power spectrum of electrical signals in maize leaves under osmotic stress. In the absence of osmotic stress, the SEF of the electrical signal in maize leaves was approx. 0.2 Hz and the SCF was approx. 0.1 Hz. The electrical signal in maize leaves was mainly a slow wave signal with a frequency of 0-0.1 Hz. After 2 h osmotic stress, the SEF and SCF of the electrical signal increased to higher frequencies. The proportion of the fast wave frequency also increased to 0.1-0.2 Hz, resulting in a dramatic increase in PSE. We also found that the changes in PSE and SCF were significantly correlated during osmotic stress. We propose that the changes in the PSE and SCF in maize leaves can be used as a sensitive signal indicating water deficit in leaf cells under osmotic stress. Thus, measurement of SCF or PSE of electrical signals in maize leaves could be used to develop early warning and rapid diagnosis techniques for the water demands of plants.     

激光冲击TC4残余应力场的试验及有限元分析

为提高钛合金的疲劳强度,采用Nd:Glass强脉冲激光对TC4钛合金表面进行冲击强化处理,采用X射线应力仪对冲击区的残余应力场进行测试,并采用ABAQUS有限元仿真软件对其残余应力场进行分析计算.结果表明,激光冲击使材料表面残留较大幅度的残余压应力,当激光功率密度为3 GW.cm-2时,表面残余压应力值高达400 MPa,残余压应力层的深度约为0.6 mm.有限元分析结果与试验测试值有较好的一致性.不同激光功率密度下残余应力场的有限元分析结果表明,激光功率密度大于1.6 GW.cm-2,冲击区将产生残余压应力,随着功率密度的增加,残余压应力增加并趋于饱和,分析结果可为激光冲击工艺参数的优化提供理论依据.     

High-pressure polymorph of TiO2-II from the Xiuyan crater of China

Abundant TiO2-II, a high-pressure polymorph of titanium dioxide, was found in the gneiss fragments of impact-produced breccias from the Xiuyan crater. Rutile in the gneiss was severely fragmented and fine-grained clasts less than 2 ~tm in size had been transformed to TiO2-II. Irregular thin layered TiO2-II is also observed in coarse-grained ruffle fragments, where the TiO2-II layers distributes along fractures and cracks in rutile, About 30 percent of rutile in the gneiss had been transformed to TiO2-II. Fine grains of TiO2-II display light bluish grey to light yellow brown in plane-polarized reflected light. Crystallographic investigation shows that TiO2-II has an orthorhombic structure with space group Pbcn. The cell parameters are a=4.543（1）/~, b=5.491（9）/~ and c=4.895（2） ,~. Its empirical formula calculated on the basis of two oxygen atoms can be written as （Tio.985Feo.oosNbo.oor- Si0.003Zr0.0Ol）l.0O302, or simply formula TiO2. According to the shock effects of quartz and feldspars, the peak shock pressure and post-shock temperature in the TiO2-II-bearing gneiss are estimated to be between 35 and 43 GPa and 300-900~C, respectively. The finding of TiO2-II in the shock-metamorphosed gneiss provides another mineral physics evidence for shock origin of the Xiuyan crater.     

隆华煤业1501工作面顺槽支护方法的研究

以隆华煤业1501工作面顺槽支护为研究对象,阐述了顺槽巷道的特点、支护参数选择的原则及影响因素,并从理论的角度阐述了锚、网、索等联合支护参数的计算方法,设计出合理的支护方案与参数.不仅为本矿而且可为其他类似条件矿井的支护提供了理论与应用性指导.     

等熵情形下同向疏散波和激波的相互作用问题

对于1维等熵情形,利用激波极线和特征轨线,对同向疏散波和激波相互作用的结果进行了分析,得到了相互作用结束后受干扰的波和反射波的性质及其与初始时刻疏散波和激波相对强度之间的关系.另外,利用Riemann不变量以及各物理量之间的依赖关系和变化趋势给出了相互作用区域内特征族的形态.     

源于趋化性模型双曲抛物系统激波解的存在性

利用相平面分析技术和Lyapunov型函数证明了源于趋化性生物模型双曲 抛物系统黏性激波解的存在性. 结果表明, 激波的左状态和右状态连接为鞍点 鞍点连接.