Emergence of life——how and where? -An update based on recent ideas

Panspermic origins notwithstanding, life, assuming that it started on Earth, may have taken root as soon as it became geologically permissible. There are multiple possibilities for early biogenesis from complex inorganic/organic geochemistry at diverse geological niches. Recent theoretical calculations have revived the possibility of Earth having a rather reduced early atmosphere, and had refueled arguments for a surface origin of life. Laboratory modeling of possible prebiotic RNA polymerization has seen interesting experimental advances, although a plausible replicator-like molecule has not yet been produced. The hydrothermal origin school of thought has also seen an interesting postulation for life's early emergence and evolution—within contiguous, porous hydrothermal iron-sulfide (FeS) compartments, leading to a non-free living last universal common ancestor (LUCA). A confined LUCA evolving later into free-living archaebacteria and eubacteria could potentially reconcile some problems of molecular divergence between these two kingdoms. There are, however, many unresolved problems, and experimental evidence for such a scheme is lacking. Here, recent updates and refinements to the mainstay hypotheses for the emergence of life on Earth are reviewed and discussed.     

西汉蜀学抉微

西汉蜀学产生的时间及其所包含的内容,我们可以从史籍材料的爬梳钩稽中找到蛛丝马迹。而其对当时蜀郡乃至西汉的学术意义,也可从当时有关材料的记载中予以把握。     

巴人源流与巴人迁徙

巴人源流始于廪君之先,出自巫蜒;荆蛮弓鱼族巴师勇锐,歌舞以凌殷人;巴有人骠勇,泛称白虎蛮、板木盾蛮,雄踞川东北上千年.廪君族西迁,弓鱼族北迁、南迁,板木盾蛮亦流徒西、北地区.     

Two accumulation modes of marine-origin natural gas in the Tarim Basin

HeUanhe gas field, Lungudong gas field and Tazhong gas field are marine marine-origin natural gas reservoirs in the craton area in the Tarim Basin. The natural gas is generated from Cambrian source rocks. The simulation experiment indicated that the cracking of the dispersedly dissoluble organic matter remaining in the source rocks is the main origin of marine natural gas. There are two modes to form gas reservoirs, one is the dry gas reservoir such as HeUanhe gas field, in which gas accumulated on the fault belt with violent tectonic movement, the other is condensate gas reservoir formed on the inheriting uplift such as Lunnan and Tazhong gas fields. The hybrid simulation experiment of cracking gas and crude oil indicated that crude oil accumulated on a large scale in those uplift belts at the early stage, and natural gas filled the ancient oil reservoir at the late stage, and the gas reservoirs were formed after the gas mixed with the crude oil.     

中国古代缠足略说

缠足在中国历史上延续几百年，而最初只是一种人体妆饰。当缠足使女性在精神上、心理上乃至肉体上受到伤害的时候，缠足不再包含审美的情趣，而逐渐成为一种封建陋俗。由于男尊女卑等原因，缠足在中国历史时弥久，直到建国后，才最终走向灭亡。     

伪劣商品监控费用分配的探讨

运行良好的伪劣商品监控系统是有效控制伪劣商品泛滥的根本保证，合理分配和使用已经预算出的监控费用是取得最佳监控效果的前提，而预算费用的最佳使用效果依赖于每一个层次上的最佳使用方法。通过层次分析法可以有效地解决费用分配问题。     

中国古代诗歌源流批评的承传

我国古代诗歌源流批评的承传，主要体现在两条线索中：一是在零散运用方面的承传，这主要体现在对诗体、诗风、诗法、诗意及诗歌历史发展源流叙论等方面；二是在集中地运用方面的承传，这主要体现在钟嵘、张为、吕本中、方回、许学夷、叶燮等人的承继线索中。上述两方面，从不同侧面映现出了我国古代诗歌源流批评的发展及其特征。     

参照NRO的CRS和TRS的转换

讨论了对照非旋转原点天球参考和地球参考系的转换方法，并和经典方法进行了比较。两种转换方法在数值上基本是一致的，但新的转换方法显示出较好的优越性，它在概念上和实用上更简单，同时指出用甚长基线干涉观测确定地球定向参数的归算中，使用新的转换方法将更合适。