Organoselenides as potential immunostimulants and inducers of interferon gamma and other cytokines in human peripheral blood leukocytes

Summary A number of organoselenium compounds have been described as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, glutathione peroxidase-like agents and inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis. Here we report that bis [2-(N-phenyl-carboxamido)]phenyl diselenide, 2-phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one (Ebselen) and related compounds are inducers of interferon gamma (IFN-) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in human peripheral blood leukocytes. The IFN and TNF response was rapid, occurring within 20 h, and high-up to 1000 and 2000 units ml^–1-and was clearly related to the dosage and the structure of the compounds. The action of the compounds and phytohemagglutinin was synergistic. The IFN gamma and TNF production was reduced after removing adherent cells. Although the mode of action of the compounds is not known, they appear to interact directly or indirectly with both adherent and non-adherent leukocytes, and stimulate the synthesis of a set of different cytokines including factors controlling the cell proliferation. Therefore, organoselenides may be regarded as the biological response modifiers.     

CO_2吸附强化模拟生物油重整制氢的实验研究

选用Ce-Ni/Co作催化剂、由醋酸钙煅烧制得的Ca O作重整催化剂、CO2吸附剂,进行模拟生物油吸附强化蒸汽重整制氢的研究.实验结果表明:在相同温度、M(S)/M(C)(加入水蒸气的摩尔质量与生物油模化物中碳的摩尔质量之比)条件下,吸附剂的加入有利于提高氢气摩尔分数和氢气产率;添加吸附剂后,随着温度的升高,氢气摩尔分数、氢气产率均呈现先增大后减小的趋势,在700℃时达到最大;随着M(S)/M(C)的增加,氢气摩尔分数先增大后减小,在M(S)/M(C)=9时氢气摩尔分数达到最大,而氢气产率则在M(S)/M(C)超过9后变化不大;随着M(Ca O)/M(C)(加入的氧化钙的摩尔质量与生物油模化物中碳的摩尔质量之比)的增加,氢气摩尔分数逐渐增大,达到M(Ca O)/M(C)=3后几乎不变,氢气产率则先增大后减小,在M(Ca O)/M(C)=3时达到最大;温度=700℃,M(S)/M(C)=9,M(Ca O)/M(C)=3为模拟生物油重整制氢的最佳条件,在此条件下氢气摩尔分数、氢气产率分别达到92.2%,84.1%.     

三种生物碱类化合物NMR性质的理论研究

在优化三种生物碱类化合物的结构基础上，计算了它们的1H和13C的各向同性和各向异性化学位移，通过分析这些化学位移得到了该类型分子的化学位移与结构的关系规律，这些经验性的规律有助于实验上对生物碱的1H—NMR或13H—NMR的分析和解谱．     

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and other fluorochemicals in viscera and muscle of farmed pigs and chickens in Beijing,China

Eleven perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) were determined in tissue samples from farmed pigs and chickens (n=143) that were purchased in Beijing in March 2009. The total PFCs mean concentration was the highest in pig liver (3.438 ng g^–1 wet weight (ww)), followed by pig kidney (0.508 ng g^–1 (ww)), pig heart (0.167 ng g^–1 (ww)), chicken liver (0.098 ng g^–1 (ww)), chicken heart (0.050 ng g^–1 (ww)), pork loin (0.018 ng g^–1 (ww)), and chicken breast (0.012 ng g^–1 (ww)). Among the PFCs analyzed, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the predominant compound in viscera and muscle of farmed pigs and chickens. In addition, a strong linear correlation (r = 0.932) was observed between the concentrations of PFOS and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) in pig liver. Our preliminary conclusion is that there is little potential risk of exposure to PFCs via the consumption of these products in Beijing.     

从语言学角度解读“X+悬崖”复合词

随着"财政悬崖"的流行,"X+悬崖"类复合词逐渐被应用到各个领域。"X+悬崖"类复合词的内部结构越来越复杂,"X"被其他形容词和名词代替。"X+悬崖"类词语整体为名词短语,与运动类动词、含有危急性的名词搭配。依靠语言模因和隐喻类比机制,构建语义丰富的新词汇。对"X+悬崖"类词语的翻译可以采用直译和意译的翻译策略。     

大理白语的并列复合词

文章从结构类型和词素顺序两方面对大理白语中的并列结构复合词进行考察,通过分析总结得出：在满足语义原则的前提下,大理白语并列复合词的词素顺序主要受音高制约,当前后两个词素音高相同时则按主要元音的舌位或逻辑关系并列。     

铅化合物体外诱导人的淋巴细胞DNA损伤的遗传毒性

在体外对人的淋巴细胞，用不同浓度的硝酸铅Ｐｂ（ＮＯ３）２和硫酸铅ＰｂＳＯ４处理１小时，ＤＮＡ损伤的程度采用单细胞琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术进行比较研究．这两种铅化物均不同程度的显示了剂量反应关系．ＤＮＡ损伤的程度从８×１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ起与空白对照相比，呈现有意义的增加（ｐ＜０．０５）．细胞ＤＮＡ断裂频率的增加与毒性呈现为线性增长的关系即为试验试剂的浓度愈高，则出现彗尾的细胞个数愈多，两种化合物在同样的实验条件下显示了相似的分裂剂的潜能．该试验初步证明铅化合物具有一定的遗传毒性     

1 ,1’ -联二萘酚化合物的合成研究进展

综述了近年来 1,1’ -联二萘酚类化合物合成研究进展 ,引用文献 5 1篇     

甲醇脱氢制甲醛反应中碱金属难熔盐的催化性能研究

在16 mm陶瓷管固定床反应器中考察了甲醇脱氢制无水甲醛反应中几种含钠化合物及碱金属难熔盐的催化活性,表明陶瓷管也可做甲醇脱氢反应器;碱金属碳酸盐大都具有一定的催化活性,催化性能排序为:Na2CO3>K2CO3>Cs2CO3>Li2CO3,即含钠盐的催化活性较其它碱金属要高;钠的卤化物及硫化物的催化活性很低;钠的含氧酸盐在反应中的催化性能表现各异,其中Na2CO3、Na2B4O7和Na2MoO4的催化性能最好。     

复合图书馆的读者教育论

复合图书馆的出现标志着图书馆的发展进入了一个新的历史阶段。论述了复合图书馆环境下的读者教育的目标、内容与方法,探讨了读者教育中应注意的若干问题。