现代MOCVD 技术的发展与展望

ＭＯＣＶＤ是一门制造化合物半导体器件的关键技术。本文综合分析了现代ＭＯＣＦＶＤ技术的基本原理,特点及实现这种技术的设备的现状及其发展,重点讨论了能实现衬底温度,衬底表面反应源流均匀性的立式高速涡轮转盘ＭＯＣＶＤ技术,并对ＭＯＣＶＤ技术的进一步改进和应用作了展望。     

有机物溶解度及辛醇/水分配系数的QSPR研究

首先通过对分子图的顶点和边同时着色得到染色分子图。借助于相对键长和点价δｉ来分别代替拓扑距离以及顶点度ｖｉ,并结合邻接矩阵和距离矩阵提出了一个用于表征含多重键、杂原子化合物的拓扑指数Ｘｕ,研究了该拓扑指数与不饱和链烃,卤代苯的溶解度,正辛醇／水分配系数的相关性。     

Improved computation of pressure coefficient and temperature coefficient of ultrasonic velocity in organic liquids

Based on Jacobson’s molecular free length theory in liquids and the relationship between the ultrasonic velocity and the molecular free length in organic liquids, the equations of pressure coefficient and temperature coefficient of ultrasonic velocity in organic liquids are derived. The calculated pressure coefficient and temperature coefficient of ultrasonic velocity are in good agreement with the measured results.     

Molecular organic geochemical evidence for paleoenvironmental changes at 11.87-12.28 m in GS-1 sedimentary core, Gucheng Lake, East China

Organic lipids with different occurrence modes in a sedimentary core in a subtropical freshwater lake, Gucheng Lake, were sequentially extracted, separated and analyzed. The down-core variations of OEP index of alkanes, C18:2/C18:0 ratios of fatty acids, ratios of bound, fatty acids to free fatty acids, thermo-maturity indices of hopanoid hydrocarbons and relative concentrations of sedimentary minerals revealed an evident increasing in allochthonous input from rock detritus below 12.28 m in the sedimentary profile. The distribution pattern of tightly-bound β-hydroxy fatty acids indicated a difference in bacterial communities above and below the boundary, as well as the gammacerane index may assign a significant change in lake water salinity. The evidence, in general, suggested that a significant paleoenvironmental change had taken place in ca. 9.6 kaBP on the regional basis.     

Pb, Sr isotopes in organic matter of Lower Tertiary hydrocarbon source rocks in Liaohe Fault Depression

The Pb, Sr isotopic compositions in organic matters (kerogen and soluble organic matter) of Lower Tertiary hydrocarbon source rock in Liaohe Fault Depression is first reported. There is a great variable rang of Pb isotopic compositions in kerogen, 206Pb/204Pb = 17.488-18.656, 207Pb/204Pb= 15.388-15.692, 208Pb/204Pb = 37.656-37.484. And soluble organic matters have a very stable Pb isotopic composition, that is 206Pb/204Pb = 17.424-17.601, 207pb/204pb= 15.376-15.448, 208Pb/204Pb = 37.620-37.870. Sr isotopic composition varies in the range of 0.747 59-0.716 79 in kerogen and of 0.709 67-0.747 59 in soluble organic matters that have a great range. It is shown that mantle fluid can influence organic matters and make them form hydrothermal hydrocarbon in the geoglogic environment of rift basin.     

有机过氧化物热分解压力特性和安全性评价

本文采用密闭压力容器试验（ＣＰＶＴ）测定有机过氧化物的热分解过程,得到压力（Ｐ）时间（ｔ）曲线和压力变化速度（ｄＰ／ｄｔ） 时间（ｔ）曲线,根据曲线确定其分解的最大压力ＰＭ 和最大压力变化速度（ｄＰ／ｄｔ）Ｍ 值．利用ＰＭ×（ｄＰ／ｄｔ）Ｍ 结果对化合物的热分解反应激烈程度进行分类,它与热爆炸容器试验（ＴＥＶＴ）结果有良好的相关性．     

添加有机酸钾对卷烟焦油量等的影响

通过向烟草中加入不同种类、不同浓度的有机酸钾,探讨其对卷烟焦油量、烟气中烟碱含量、抽吸口数、烟支静燃速率、卷烟总粒相物（ＴＰＭ）中钾转移率的影响,并作回归分析。研究结果表明,所加的有机酸钾能够降低焦油量,且在一定范围内添加钾盐种类及添加量与焦油量具有密切的相关性,对其他诸项也有一定的影响。在卷烟中加入有机酸钾对人体是安全的。     

鄂尔多斯盆地不同沉积环境中煤系烃源岩重排藿烷的组成特征及其意义

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界煤系烃源岩中重排藿烷类化合物异常丰富,经GC/MS分析,检测出17α(H)-重排藿烷系列相对丰度最高,这类化合物以C30重排藿烷为主峰,C29重排化合物次之,分布模式与正常藿烷类似。从烃源岩的生源构成、沉积环境的氧化还原性和有机质的热演化程度3个方面来探讨高丰度的17α(H)-重排藿烷的成因。研究表明,烃源岩中高丰度17α(H)-重排藿烷的母质来源可能是低等水生菌藻类弱氧化-弱还原、微咸水的扇缘泥炭沼泽相有利于高丰度17α(H)-重排藿烷形成;其形成不完全取决有机质的热演化程度。     

装修居室内挥发性有机物（TVOCs）浓度特征及来源分析

室内装修材料是引起室内污染的主要污染源,可长期向室内空气释放大量的有害物质,给室内环境造成严重的污染,采集装修过程中以及装修完工的居室内空气样品,用Tenax树脂吸附-热解吸/色谱-质谱法定量测定室内空气中挥发性有机物(TVOCs),分析其浓度特征及其影响因素。结果显示,新装修居室内TVOCs平均浓度要远高于室外对照点,苯系物及含氧化合物为其主要污染物,通风对室内空气质量有明显的改善作用。