电子教案在有机化学教学中的应用

本文探讨了电子教案在有机化学教学中的应用和使用方法。     

含有盐酸及有机弱酸废水的分析处理

通过综合、蒸馏及萃取的联合处理方法，回收废水中的阻燃剂。首先部分中和酸性废水使其中的强酸大部分成盐，然后间歇精馏并将馏出液的大部分返回前道工序作为前道工序的水解工艺用水和洗涤用水，少部分中和成盐再蒸馏，馏出液只含有极少量的挥发性有机物，可生化处理。釜液用乙酸乙酸萃取，萃取液蒸出溶液后用热水反萃，回收阻燃剂，回收率约42．1％。     

国内外畜禽粪污治理专利态势分析

对国内外有关畜禽规模化养殖粪污的现状进行了比较,对国内外畜禽废水治理专利技术的发展概貌和态势进行了分析,最后根据我国畜禽养殖特点,提出要遵循资源化、生态化的养殖原则,强调科学布局控制养殖规模,加强法制监管的建议,为我国畜禽养殖业污染治理提供借鉴和参考。     

纳帕海高原湿地土壤有机质对水分梯度变化的响应

 在气候变化和人类活动的影响下,纳帕海高原湿地干旱化加剧,湿地面积萎缩,湿地的生态功能退化严重.纳帕海湿地土壤有机质对水分环境梯度变化的响应研究结果表明,湿地土壤有机质在不同的水分环境梯度下的分布具有差异性;湿地土壤水分含量增加有助于土壤有机质的积累,同时,土壤有机质的增加改善了土壤结构,增加了土壤的持水性能,土壤有机质和水分的有机耦合对湿地土壤发挥碳“汇”和蓄持水功能有着重要的作用,因此,保护湿地环境对发挥湿地碳"汇"和水源的涵养功能具有重要的作用.     

太子参挥发性成分的GC-MS分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取江苏宜兴产太子参的挥发性成分,结合气相色谱/质谱法,共鉴定出18种挥发性成分.2-吡咯甲酸、亚油酸、十八碳酸、山嵛酸、菠菜烯、棕榈酸和β-谷甾醇为首次报道的太子参挥发性成分.方法稳定可靠,可为太子参药材质量控制和综合利用提供实验方法和理论基础.     

城市有机污染对嘉陵江南充段硅藻多样性影响

采集了嘉陵江南充“段5个城市15个采样点藻类样品,研究城市有机污染对硅藻多样性的影响．结果表明：有机污染程度的增加,导致硅藻物种数减少、细胞密度增加、多样性指数值和均匀度指数值降低;硅藻群落相似性聚类图表明,15个采样点根据有机污染程度及水质状况分成3类,B-7．5由清洁水体的LZ1,LZ3和NB1组成,C-7．5由污染较严重（α-中污）的NC2和NC3组成,A-7．5主要由污染较轻（β-中污或微污）的LZ2,NB3,NC1等10个采样点组成;聚类结果与其它指标及实际观测的水环境状况相吻合,较好地揭示了有机污染对硅藻多样性的影响．     

A novel integrated UV-biofilter system to treat high concentration of gaseous chlorobenzene

A novel integrated UV-biofilter system using UV reactor as the pretreatment process was setup to treat high concentration of gaseous volatile organic compounds （VOCs）. Another control biofilter without the UV pretreatment was also established to compare the performance of the two systems. Chlorobenzene was selected as a model compound. The two systems were operated in parallel under different inlet chlorobenzene concentrations （500, 1000, 1600, mg· m^-3）. The experimental results indicate that the integrated system could eliminate chlorobenzene completely （100% removal efficiency） at the inlet concentration of 500 mg· m^-3, whereas only 60% removal efficiency was achieved for the control biofilter. Also the elimination capacity for the organic carbon of the integrated system was much higher than that of the control biofilter. On the basis of intermediates analysis by Ion Chromatography and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, the UV pretreatment has been proven to be able to enhance the performance of the following biofilter by transferring the recalcitrant target to some more biodegradable and soluble organic products （such as formic acid and chlorophenol）. Furthermore, the produced ozone, a harmful by-product from UV photo-degradation, could be easily eliminated by the following biofiltration process.     

Flotation separation of arsenopyrite from several sulphide minerals with organic depressants

In this paper, the separation of arsenopyrite from chalcopyrite, pyrite, galena with organic depressants （guergum and sodium humic ） was discussed, and the functioning mechanism of those organic depressants was discussed. The experimental results of monomineral flotation indicated that both guergum and sodium humic have depressing effect on arsenopyrite in the presence of ethyl xanthate. Guergum and sodium humic showed different depressing ability to pyrite, chalcopyrite and galena, and the higher the pH value in pulp, the stronger the depressing ability. Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometric study showed that the adsorption layer of xanthate on surface of minerals had been desorhed by the two organic depressants, and the selective desorption of the collector layer was found from different minerals. The xanthate cover on minerals surface was set free when dosage of the organic depressants was high enough. For artificially-mixed minerals, the separation of arsenopyrite from other sulphides was successfully realized by controlling dosage of the organic depressants. And sodium humic had been concentrates in a commercial Lead-Zinc concentrator.     

一水硫酸氢钠在有机合成中的应用

硫酸氢钠是有机合成中能够代替硫酸的一种好的固体酸催化剂.介绍了一水硫酸氢钠在合成环已烯、二氧六环、β-萘甲醚、β-萘乙醚、酯、缩醛(酮)、蔗糖水解和紫罗兰酮合成中的应用.     

莆田市畜禽养殖业清洁生产初探

在阐述畜禽养殖污染问题和清洁生产内涵的基础上,以莆田市推广“生物发酵舍零排放养猪技术”为例,提出推广畜禽养殖清洁生产发展的建议。