Progress in the study of tectophysicochemistry

Tectophysicochemistry is a research area that deals with the interrelations between physical and chemical changes of crustal materials caused by tectonism. A given tectonic force may be resolved into two parts: homogeneous stress and differential stress. Homogeneous stress refers to isotopic pressure, which is superimposed on the original pressure and affects the equilibrium of various chemical reactions. It is also a factor that influences petrogenesis,metallogenesis and metamorphism. Differential stress is commonly produced when external forces act on a given solid body. It may cause deformation of crustal materials and generate various kinds of structural features. Tectophysicochemistry pays special attention to pressure, temperature and other physicochemical conditions produced or induced by tectonism and studies the influences of additional tectonic parameters on various chemical equilibria, so it gradually develops into an independent area of science.     

Compact difference approximation with consistent boundary condition

For simulating multi-scale complex flow fields it should be noted that all the physical quantities we are interested in must be simulated well. With limitation of the computer resources it is preferred to use high order accurate difference schemes. Because of their high accuracy and small stencil of grid points computational fluid dynamics (CFD) workers pay more attention to compact schemes recently. For simulating the complex flow fields the treatment of boundary conditions at the far field boundary points and near far field boundary points is very important. According to authors' experience and published results some aspects of boundary condition treatment for far field boundary are presented, and the emphasis is on treatment of boundary conditions for the upwind compact schemes. The consistent treatment of boundary conditions at the near boundary points is also discussed. At the end of the paper are given some numerical examples. The computed results with presented method are satisfactory.     

德兴斑岩铜矿成矿流体演化与来源的流体包裹体研究

主要研究了德兴斑岩铜矿床不同期次脉石英及花岗闪长斑岩石英斑晶中流体包覆体的特征，测定了流体包裹体的均一温度和冰点，估算了成矿流体的盐度、密度等参数．结合花岗闪长斑岩与石英脉中石英氢氧同位素数据的讨论分析，对流体的演化过程和来源进行了探讨．研究表明花岗闪长斑岩石英斑晶中的包裹体代表了岩浆流体的特征，石英脉中的包裹体记录了岩浆流体演化成成矿流体的特征。研究证实成矿流体主要由岩浆流体而来，成矿流体演化晚期有大气降水的加入。     

贫燃条件下钙钛矿型催化剂上C_3H_6催化还原NO_x反应的研究

利用柠檬酸络合法制备钙钛矿型复合氧化物 L a0 .8Ce0 .2 Co XFe1- XO3催化剂 ,研究其在贫燃条件下 NOX 的催化还原性能 .实验表明 :在没有水蒸气存在的条件下 ,在 30 0°C时 ,La0 .8Ce0 2 Co O3催化剂上 NOX 的转化率可达 46.8%,这时还原剂丙稀已完全氧化 ;但在水蒸气存在下 ,La0 .8Ce0 2 Co O3催化剂上 NOX的转化率明显下降 ,同时丙稀的完全氧化温度也上升5 0°C～ 1 5 0°C,这主要是由于水蒸气对反应活性中心竞争吸附的缘故 ;而双取代的催化剂La0 .8Ce0 2 Ce0 .2 Fe0 .8O3和 La0 .8Ce0 2 Co0 .8Fe0 .2 O3催化剂具有相当的催化活性和较好抗水蒸气能力 ,这可能是由于 Ce O2 和 Co Fe O3之间的协同作用增加了氧空位 ,从而弥补了由于水蒸气竞争吸附所导致的活性下降     

脲酶高产菌的筛选和产酶条件的研究

从红壤稻田分离产胞外脲酶活性高的细菌、放线菌和真菌各20株.细菌、放线菌、真菌产脲酶活力的平均值分别为0.764,1.104,0.847μmol/min.产脲酶能力大小为:放线菌>真菌>细菌.我们研究了一株放线菌Dactylosprangiumaurantiacum产胞外脲酶的条件.结果表明:该菌产酶的最佳培养时间为42h;产酶的最佳培养温度为28℃;产酶的最佳起始pH为7;葡萄糖、鼠李糖和甘露糖等碳源对产酶有利;硝酸铵、氯化铵和硫酸铵对产酶有利;钙、镁等金属离子能促进产酶.     

人为物质流及其对城市地质环境的影响

人为物质流已成为引起地壳物质运动的一种重要地质营力，深刻地改变着地球的表层系统。分析了人为物质流的含义，并将人为物质流分为一次流、二次流和三次流，讨论了不同层次的人为物质流的产生和流动方式。在此基础上，进一步探讨了人为物质流对城市地质环境的影响，分析了城市地质灾害如地面沉降、地裂缝、地面塌陷、斜坡地质灾害、诱发地震、海平面上升及海水入侵、地下水及岩土污染与人为物质流的关系，并指出规模不断膨大的人为物质流已成为地球和人类社会潜在的灾难。     

函数具有最小值的充分和必要条件

给出了广义的实值函数f分别在R^N和在R^N的闭子集S上具有局部最小值点x的一阶和二阶充分和必要条件．     

具有混合边界条件的地下水污染模型的强解存在性

给出具有混合边界条件的地下水污染模型的弱解和强解定义，用积分估计法得到了强解（如果存在）的先验一致估计，利用半－Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ方法和紧性原理证明了上述方程组强解的局部存在性     

地质异常理论与遥感地质研究

遥感地质的图像解译实质上就是一个求异的过程。本文在分同感图像释译特征基础上将地质异常理论引入遥感地质研究中，系统地论述了地质异常的图像显示特征，成因分类以及相关的研究方法。