多海洋参数赤潮MODIS综合监测

针对由单一海洋参数对赤潮灾害提取的不足,提出一种多海洋参数赤潮遥感监测技术. 该方法利用MODIS影像数据反演出海洋表面温度和叶绿素a浓度,结合悬浮泥沙浓度和海水异常等多海洋参数,设计赤潮灾害提取判别规则. 该判别规则能充分利用海洋参数在赤潮灾害提取中的优势,克服单一参数在赤潮灾害识别上的遗漏和误判. 以2004年5月30日和2004年6月11日渤海海域的MODIS影像为实验数据进行实例研究,证实了基于多海洋参数的赤潮遥感监测技术的可行性和有效性.     

水平分辨率对大洋环流模式模拟性能的影响

通过分析不同水平分辨率海洋模式的模拟结果及其与观测资料的对比,研究了水平分辨率对大洋环流模式模拟性能的影响。在中国科学院大气物理研究所研制的第三代大洋环流模式(L30T63 OGCM)的基础上,提高该模式的水平分辨率,建立了2个版本的全球大洋环流模式。其一,纬向和经向水平分辨率分别为1.5°和1°的全球大洋环流模式(OGCM1);其二,经向水平分辨率为变网格的全球大洋环流模式(OGCM2),其纬向水平分辨率仍为1.5°。分别对L30T63 OGCM和建立的2个版本的大洋环流模式从静止积分100 a。采用相同的动力框架、物理过程、南北边界条件、初始条件以及强迫场对比分析L30T63 OGCM、OGCM1和OGCM2第100年的积分结果。分析结果表明,随着模式水平分辨率的提高,模式计算的整体动能和位能随之增大,模式对上层大洋环流特别是热带上层大洋环流的模拟有明显的改善。     

赤峰地区新生代玄武岩的基本特征及成因

赤峰地区新生工玄武岩是中新世裂隙式火山活动产生的大陆溢流玄武岩,属于拉斑玄武岩系列,源区是软流圈上地幔。玄武岩是部分熔融和分离结晶过程联合作用的结果,先由地幔橄榄岩部分熔融产生玄武质岩浆,但岩浆在上升以大陆地壳内一定深度的岩浆房时,发生部分橄榄石的分离结晶作用。在部分熔融作用之后发生橄榄石分离结晶作用,可能是大陆溢流玄武岩的一种普遍现象。     

现代海底多金属硫化物矿床

海底多金属硫化物矿床是热液活动的产物 ,主要分布在东太平洋海隆、西太平洋构造活动带、西南太平洋以及大西洋中脊 ,其产出构造背景为洋中脊、弧后扩张中心及地幔热点处。该文系统地总结了现代海底多金属硫化物矿床产出的地质背景特点 ,对各地质环境中矿化的规律进行了对比 ,并对其形成机制等热点问题作了概述 ,详细介绍了矿床成因方面的新进展 ,着重阐述了海底多金属矿床的双扩散对流模式。     

A huge oceanic-type UHP metamorphic belt in southwestern Tianshan, China: Peak metamorphic age and P-T path

Recent progress in the study of the UHP metamorphic belt in southwestern Tianshan, China, is summarized in this paper. This about 80-kin-long and over 10-km-wide UHP belt has been recognized by the discovery of coesite, coesite pseudomorphs and other UHP minerals. It is the largest oceanic-type UHP metamorphic belt reported so far. It has formed due to northward subduc- tion of the Tianshan Paleo-Ocean. U-Pb dating of metamorphic rims of zircons from a coesite-bearing garnet-phengite schist yields a peak UHP metamorphic ages of 320±3.7 Ma. Combined with ages of 233-226 Ma obtained from rims of zircons from retrograded eclogites, a long retrograde metamorphic evolution （〉70 Ma） has been revealed. According to phase equilibria mod- eling, the P-T paths of both coesite-bearing eclogites and garnet-phengite schists are characterized by thermal relaxation, i.e., the metamorphic temperature peak lags behind the pressure peak, indicating that the UHP rocks experienced slow and long heating and decompression during exhumation in the subduction channel. On the basis of the field observation that a small amount of eclogite lenses is wrapped in large volumes of metapelites, and the similar P-T paths of both rock types, we propose that the ex- humation of the UHP eclogites from southwestern Tianshan, China, may have resulted from the exhumation of large volumes of low-density metapelites, which carried the denser eclogites to the Earth＇s surface.     

白垩纪大洋缺氧事件与富氧事件

白垩纪期间出现过多次大洋缺氧事件与大洋富氧事件，其沉积记录分别对应于黑色页岩和大洋红层。文章在国内外学者前期工作的基础上，对国际上白垩纪大洋缺氧事件和大洋富氧事件的最新研究进展进行回顾与总结，主要包括黑色页岩和大洋红层的岩石特征与成因、大洋缺氧事件和大洋富氧事件形成机制及两者之间的关联，希望能够为理解和预测未来的全球气候环境变化提供借鉴和依据。     

Observed oceanic feedback to the atmosphere over the Kuroshio Extension during spring time and its possible mechanism

High-resolution satellite measurements are used to study the air-sea interaction over the Kuroshio Extension （KE） region during spring time. There are two oceanic fronts in the KE region off the east coast of Japan. These fronts are generally associated with strong ocean currents, which may display unstable meander, resulting in remarkable warm sea surface temperature （SST） ridges and cold SST troughs. Analyses of these satellite observations reveal a significantly positive correlation between sea surface wind speed and its underlying SST along these fronts. This positive SST-wind correlation becomes even more significant when strong meanders occur along the fronts. This positive SST-wind correlation indicates an ocean-to-atmosphere feedback over the KE region during spring time. A high-resolution regional atmospheric model is used to investigate the atmospheric response to SST changes along the two fronts.     

超大浮体在二维不均匀底部上的水弹性响应

为了研究不均匀的海底环境因素对超大浮体结构响应的影响，分别用线性长波理论和薄板理论来模拟波浪场和结构物的位移响应，建立耦合的运动响应方程，同时求解二维波浪场和板条梁的位移响应。以斜坡、椭圆面和正弦变化曲面等3种不同的二维底部形状为例，计算了二维不均匀的底部上超大型浮式结构物水弹性响应，并通过与底部平坦时的结构响应相比较，讨论了不均匀的底部对结构响应的影响。实例结果显示了当底部升高和底部下降时关于位移响应变化的一致性规律。