超塑性吹模工艺的流变学研究

本文从实用观点和基本理论观点讨论了承受单向静水压力的圆形薄板凸胀工艺,而薄板是周边钳固着的。对于均匀厚度,得到压力加工工艺适用的压力-时间关系式。提出一个计及非均匀性的解析论述,以解释凸胀板的形状及随材料流变参数、压力、时间和一定的几何变化的板厚度分布。流变学地处理了板凸胀成90°V形模膛的工艺。最后,应用泡变形和热传导讨论了薄膜吹模工艺的操作特性,从而使工艺的非等温操作可以参照应用。     

柔性膜基反射镜成形理论研究

以轴对称圆薄板Karman方程以及钱伟长有关中心部分受载荷作用下的圆薄膜理论为基础，建立了薄膜上各点在外加载荷作用下的位移方程．对以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）薄膜为基坯的膜基反射镜表面形变与初始边界条件和外加载荷-静电压强之间的关系、膜基反射镜面形与具有相同口径和，数的理想抛物面之间的偏差进行了理论计算和分析．所得结论对进一步开展膜基反射镜静电成形实验具有一定的指导意义．     

快速去除黑斑蛙和牛蛙未受精卵胶膜和卵黄膜的一种简便方法

本文介绍了一种快速除去牛蛙和黑斑蛙未受精卵胶膜和卵黄膜的方法,人工催情,从泄殖腔内挤取未受精卵,用0.2M巯基乙醇和0.2%～0.5%胰蛋白酶处理.在20℃左右室温下,15～20min能使胶膜和卵黄膜全部溶解,不需人工辅助剥离便可获得大量裸卵.     

H—原子组态相互作用中的核运动效应

本文论述了原子组态相互作用中的核运动效应,采用CI(Configuration-Interantion)方法计算H~-原子在这种核运动效应中产生的能量修正值,得出较为精确的结果。本文还分析了这种核运动效应的物理机制,探讨了检测的可能途径。     

Progress in molecular parasitology

Summary Substantial progress has been made in the last ten years in understanding the structural and functional organization of parasitic protozoa and helminths and the complex physiological relationships that exist between these organisms and their hosts. By employing the new powerful techniques of biochemistry, molecular biology and immunology the genomic organization in parasites, the molecular basis of parasite's variation in surface antigens and the biosynthesis, processing, transport and membrane anchoring of these and other surface proteins were extensively investigated. Significant advances have also been made in our knowledge of the specific and often peculiar strategies of intermediary metabolism, cell compartmentation, the role of oxygen for parasites and the mechanisms of antiparasitic drug action. Further major fields of interest are currently the complex processes which enables parasites to evade the host's immune defense system and other mechanisms which have resulted in the specific adaptations which enabled parasites to survive within their host environments. Various approaches in molecular and biochemical parasitology and in immunoparasitology have been proven to be of high potential for serodiagnosis, immunoprophylaxis and drug design.This paper is based on a review presented at a workshop on Molecular Parasitology, organized by the Swiss Society of Tropical Medecine and Parasitology at the University of Neuchâtel, March 1985.     

聚氨酯微孔膜的防水透湿性及电镜分析

以聚氨酯微孔膜的电膜照片，分析在不同组成和不同的成型条件下制取的膜的结构和性能，得到了采用配比为１０／０５／０５的ＮＮ二甲基甲酰胺／四氢呋喃／乙二醇的混合溶剂和高温分级快干条件下形成的ＰＵ膜．该膜具有细密微孔结构和优良的防水透湿性     

PVC液膜稀土离子选择性电极的研究

本文报导以Er(PMBP)_3和Pr(PMBP)_3为敏感活性物质的PVC液膜离子选择性电极的制奋、电极性能及其在稀土定量分析中的初步应用。研究结果表明:上述电极具有响应快、稳定性好和寿命较长等优点,并且在对稀土离子Re~(3+)的定量分析中有一定的准确性。     

Proteolysis in protein import and export: Signal peptide processing in eu-and prokaryotes

Numerous proteins in pro-and eukaryotes must cross cellular membranes in order to reach their site of function. Many of these proteins carry signal sequences that are removed by specific signal peptidases during, or shortly after, membrane transport. Signal peptidases have been identified in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the matrix and inner membrane of mitochondria, the stroma and thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts, the bacterial plasma membrane and the thylakoid membrane of cyanobacteria. The composition of these peptidases varies between one and several subunits. No site-specific inhibitors are known for the majority of these enzymes. Accordingly, signal peptidases recognize structural motifs rather than linear amino acid sequences. Such motifs have become evident by employing extensive site-directed mutagenesis to investigate the anatomy of signal sequences. Analysis of the reaction specificities and the primary sequences of several signal peptidases suggests that the enzymes of the endoplasmic reticulum, the inner mitochondrial membrane and the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts all have evolved from bacterial progenitors.     

液相色谱法研究有机溶质与醋酸纤维素膜表面的相互作用

用醋酸纤维素(CA)反渗透膜作为液相色谱固定相,溶剂水作为流动相,模拟反渗透分离过程中表面的平衡效应,测出了一些不同有机溶质在醋酸纤维素(CA)膜表面与水溶液间的平衡分配系数k。结果表明,大多数酸性小于水的有机溶质(醇、醛、酮)的k值小于水的k值。证明这些溶质在CA膜表面是负吸附,与优先吸附-毛细孔流理论的推断一致,与Sourirajan的色谱实验结果不同。讨论了不同类型有机溶质与CA表面的相互作用特性,较好地解释了CA膜对这些溶质的分离效果,初步探讨了溶质与膜表面的相互作用与反渗透分离率之间的关系。     

An Elastic Absorber Theory for a Thin Fabric Sheet

The current sound absorption theory which is based on Rayleigh model believes that fibrous material absorb sound by the fluid frictional energy dissipation between the air and the solid fibers. However, Rayleigh model is only useful for a quanlitative understanding of effects in a porous material but not for calculation of the acoustical properties of real absorbent. In this paper, a new vibration sound absorption theory which is totally different from classical theory was put forward. The specific acoustic impedance of fiber layers have been derived from the membrane vibration equation and the sound absorption coefficient calculated agree with test results. The new theory can explain the phenomenon that thin fiber layers exhibit less sound absorption coefficient when it was as the cover fabric of sound absorber, but it is mare efficient to sound absorption when it was hang as the curtains or have back cavity behind it.