固体比热测量的实验改进

对现有的大学物理固体比热实验步骤做出必要的改进,使学生能在有限的时间内熟练使用精密天平,并较好地完成铜块的比热测量.同时,这样的改进又能使学生对用外推法进行物理量测量有一个初步的了解.     

胡萝卜、油菜的通电加热特性研究

研究了通电加热烫漂对胡萝卜、油菜中维生素含量的影响,并与普通电炉加热进行了比较;研究了胡萝卜、油菜通电加热烫漂的最佳工艺条件.结果表明,随着烫漂时间的延长,胡萝卜中的β-胡萝卜素含量明显降低,油菜中维生素C的含量也明显降低;通电加热烫漂后的维生素含量明显高于电炉加热.而胡萝卜通电加热的最佳烫漂工艺为:烫漂时间为3 m in,颗粒尺寸为10 mm,料液比(质量比)为1∶4,电压为220 V.油菜通电加热烫漂的最佳工艺条件为:料液比(质量比)为1∶4,烫漂时间为0.5 m in,电压为220 V.     

复合支护结构核爆冲击波等效静载的不确定性分析

根据中值点处展开的一次二阶矩法讨论了土中压缩波的升压时间及其不确定性，然后研究了按单自由度体系进行复合支护地下结构抗核爆设计时的动力系数（荷载系数）和等效静载的变异系数．数值结果表明，土中压缩波升压时间的不确定性，不仅与结构埋深和土参数的变异性有关，而且与土参数的均值有关，等效静载的不确定性，依赖于作用于结构上的动载变异性和结构自振频率变异性，而动载不确定性对等效静载变异性影响最大     

Chinese kangs and building energy consumption

Chinese kangs are an integrated system for cooking, sleeping and heating in rural Northern China with more than 2000 years history. In 2004 there were 67 million Chinese kangs used by 44 million rural families or 174 million people. Chinese kangs store surplus heat from stove during cooking and releases it later for both home heating and localized bed heating. Such a widely used heating system has been rarely studied. Understanding kangs is important for developing new effective home heating systems for better energy efficiency and improving indoor air quality in Northern China. In this paper, we review and present some preliminary results from our field measurement and mathematical modeling, and discuss the development of Chinese kangs as related to future energy consumption in rural homes, and building energy consumption in China in general. We suggest that transition and new technologies for rural home heating in Northern China, i.e. the future of Chinese kangs, should be considered as the top priority in managing future building energy consumption in China. Supported by the grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (Grant No. HKU 7154/05E) and National Natural Science Foundation of China 2007 Young Researcher Award (Grant No. 50729803) The work is also a part of the International Energy Agency Annex 44 project on Integrating Environmentally Responsive Elements in Buildings.     

两环路核电厂概率安全分析

秦山二期核电厂是两环路电功率为 ６００ ＭＷ的核电厂，而已进行过概率安全分析的广东大亚湾核电厂则为三环路９００ＭＷ核电厂。本文以去掉一个环路的９００ＭＷ三环路核电厂为参考电厂来进行两环路核电厂概率安全分析（ＰＳＡ）。分析结果指出：１）只要满足确定论安全审查，两环路核电厂的概率安全特性不亚于三环路核电厂的概率安全特性；２）参考的两环路核电厂堆熔频率为２．４２×１０－５／（堆年）；３）参考的两环路核电厂严重事故的支配性初因依次为失水事故（ＬＯＣＡ）和丧失热阱。本研究对两环路核电厂设计、建造和运行提供了有益的参考。     

核电站凝汽器用钛焊管蒸汽腐蚀疲劳性能研究

测定了国产和进口核电站凝汽器用钛焊管在室温大气和人工海水100 ℃水蒸汽介质中的疲劳性能,同时采用扫描电子显微镜对疲劳断口进行了观察,探讨了钛焊管的蒸汽腐蚀疲劳机理。研究结果表明：国产钛焊管与进口钛焊管的疲劳寿命较为接近,水蒸汽氛围大幅度降低了钛焊管的疲劳寿命;疲劳试样的裂纹均萌生于钛焊管焊缝区域的外表面,多为多源萌生,裂纹扩展均以条纹机理为主;断口处有少量二次裂纹,未发现沿晶断裂及周期解理断裂特征,静断区断口形貌为韧窝;从蒸汽腐蚀疲劳试样中,未能观察到明显的腐蚀产物;钛焊管的蒸汽疲劳腐蚀是交变应力和电化学腐蚀交互作用的结果。     

Fuel Assembly Arrangement Optimization for NHR-200

ＦｕｅｌＡｓｓｅｍｂｌｙＡｒｒａｎｇｅｍｅｎｔＯｐｔｉｍｉｚａｔｉｏｎｆｏｒＮＨＲ－２００ＺｈｏｎｇＷｅｎｆａ（钟文发）；ＳｈａｎＷｅｎｚｈｉ（单文志）；ＬｕｏＲｏｎｇ（罗嵘）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＮｕｃｌｅａｒＥｎｅｒｇｙＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ．Ｔ...     

西门子S7-226PLC在电除尘器低压控制系统中的应用

通过分析电除尘器低压控制系统(振打、输卸灰和加热系统)对除尘效率、功率消耗等方 面的影响,提出了基于西门子S7—226型PLC为核心控制元件的一种新型低压控制系统的设计方案, 并进行了软件编程和硬件实现。使用西门子S7—226的PLC(CPU226)开发大型电除尘器的系列化低 压控制系统,提升电除尘器的清灰能力和除尘效果,不仅可以降低烟气中的粉尘,使除尘效率保持在 99％以上,改善大气环境,同时也可以进一步降低能耗。     

Nuclear Technique and Agriculture in China

Nuclear technique is a powerful scientific tool in agricultural research, an area with fruitful achievements in China. Application of nuclear technique in agriculture (Nuclear Agricultural Sciences) based on the development of related science and technology is a high-tech area, and also a significant aspect of non-electrical power application of nuclear technique. As an important component of agricultural science and technology, Nuclear technique application in agricultural field has achieved a lot and made remarkable contributions to the economic, social and ecological development of China. The current paper reviews the achievements, and presents the situation of the application of nuclear technique in the Chinese a-griculture briefly. The author strongly suggests that Chinese     

椭圆矩形翅片管采暖散热器的优化研究

对椭圆矩形翅片管采暖散热器的结构进行了优化分析，计算了椭圆管矩形翅片的肋效率，对矩形翅片的长宽比和翅片间距进行了优化计算，求出了最优长宽比和最优翅片间距的范围，对市场上现有的椭圆矩形翅片管采暖散热器进行了实验研究，证实了优化分析的正确性。