Mysidacés (Crustacea) de Kerguelen,Crozet et Bouvet (Océan Austral) récoltés par la Japonaise,le Marion-Dufresne (1972–82) et dans des contenus stomacaux d'oiseaux

This study deals with the Mysidacea (Crustacea) collected during the cruises organized by T.A.A.F. (Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises), between 1972 and 1982, in the subantarctic part of the Southern Ocean, off Bouvet, Marion, Prince Edward, Crozet, Kerguelen and Heard Islands. In spite of the large numbers of samples taken between the littoral and 2000 m, with various bottom sampling gears, only 8 species were caught. At the Kerguelen islands, the genus Mysidetes, with 2 species including M. morbihanensis n. sp., was the main constituent of the benthic littoral mysidacean fauna, while Boreomysis inermis was the main bathyal species. The analysis of stomach contents of birds indicates that some bathypelagic mysidacean species ascend to the surface layer.     

Adakites related to subduction in the northern margin of Junggar arc for the Late Paleozoic: Products of slab melting

Volcanic rocks with adakitic compositional signature have been recognized in the northern margin of ancient Junggar island arc for the Late Paleozoic. These adakites for the early Devonian from the Tuoranggekudouke Group (D_1t) are characteristic of high Sr, Sr/Y and (La/Yb)_N but low Y, Yb and HREE. Their compositional characteristics are much similar to those of the typical adakites in the world but distinct from those of the normal arc volcanic rocks from the same Group. We conclude that these adakitic volcanic rocks were produced by slab melting during the early period of Paleoasia-ocean lithosphere subduction. This infers that the Paleoasia Ocean in the north Junggar area began a new subduction process in the early Devonian.     

Turbulent flux exchange characteristics of air-ice-sea above the Arctic Ocean during the polar day period

Chinese “Xue Long” breaker made its first voyage to the Arctic Ocean for scientific expedition from July to September, 1999. The tethersonde meteorological tower (TMT) sounding system was used to probe the temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind direction and wind speed on different underlying surfaces above the Arctic Ocean. The probed data were used for calculating the roughness length z0, momentum flux M, drag coefficient CDD, sensible heat flux Hss, bulk transfer coefficient CHH for sensible heat, latent heat flux HLL, and bulk transfer coefficient CEE for latent heat of air-ice-sea on different underlying surfaces. They vary within the ranges of (0.2 ～ 1.0) mm, (1.14～9.19) ×10-2N/m2, (0.87～ 1.76) × 10-3,-(4.2～ 12.5) W/m2, (0.84～ 1.37) x 10-3,-6.6～ 23.6 W/m2 and (0.85 ～ 1.40) x 10-3, respectively. It shows that the drag coefficient is greater than the latent heat transfer coefficient, and again the latent heat transfer coefficient is larger than the sensible heat transfer coefficient. Besides, the fluxes of momentum, sensible and latent heat are apparently correlated to the mean wind speed and the mean potential temperature difference and mean specific humidity difference.     

基于分形融合FBM的海浪模型研究

海浪模拟作为非线性模拟代表方向之一。国内外研究划分为两种派系,由此产生的各种单一模型都不能满足逼真、快速和可控的需求。提出了一种新的改进海浪模型。该模型融合了分形的分数布朗运动曲面模型,以及经典的线性叠加浪谱Gerstner模型;并通过两种模型产生高度场的权重比值,来对海浪模拟进行调节和控制。实验证明,新模型生成的海浪逼真度高,能够产生大面积海面,改变视点,可以通过人为参数设定改变海浪海况;与经典模型相比,具有计算效率好、逼真度高、可控性好的优点,说明新模型在海浪模拟模型研究方面具有一定的改善。     

南极磷虾与南大洋生态系统

南极磷虾在南极生态系统中起着至关重要的作用,是南大洋生态系统中初级生产的主要消费者,同时又是鱼类、乌贼、海豹、海鸟和鲸类的主要食物。由于其巨大的生物量,使其成为潜在的巨大渔业资源。     

MHD模拟磁尾横断面结构与太阳风粒子注入机制

基于全球三维磁层MHD（Magnetohydrodynamics）模拟模型, 研究了行星际磁场（Interplanetary Magnetic Field, IMF）北向与南向时磁尾横断面（X=?18 R_E）的结构及等离子片的粒子注入机制. 模拟结果很好地符合一些已知的观测数据和经验模型. 从向阳面磁层顶IMF及重联后磁力线尾向运动过程的角度, 对磁尾横断面粒子热压力分布、磁力线投影、等离子片或电流片旋转、粒子流场分布等结构进行了合理的解释. 根据模拟得到的磁尾横断面结构, 及IMF北向与南向时磁力线投影显著不同的位形, 可以通过E×B漂移很好地说明不同IMF条件下, 太阳风粒子对磁尾等离子片的不同注入特性. 另外, 还通过磁尾横断面磁场梯度的计算, 说明了太阳风向等离子片粒子注入的晨-昏不对称性.     

南亚夏季风爆发前后流场的演变特征

为研究南亚夏季风爆发前后流场的演变特征,利用诊断分析方法,对影响季风爆发的因子作了分析.结果表明,南亚季风的爆发与高层青藏高压的西进北抬、中层的爆发性涡旋的生成和低层索马里急流的加强密切有关.在季风爆发正常年份,青藏高压活动表现为北抬--西进--北抬形态,季风爆发前其西进明显.季风爆发偏晚时索马里急流的经向输送比爆发偏早时的要强.在季风爆发前,大多数年份在印度次大陆西海岸对流层中层有爆发性涡旋生成.     

试论因明学与三段论之异同

因明学和三段论是世界逻辑史上的两大瑰宝,是逻辑三大源流之二,是古代人民留给我们的优秀遗产,既有其相同点也有其不同点。通过探讨其相同点和不同点来分析其各自的优点和不足,取其精华,弃其糟粕,使因明学和三段论两者相互补充、相互发展,对逻辑学的发展具有重要意义。     

敦煌出土的梵文于阗文双语医典《耆婆书》

《耆婆书》（Jīvaka-pustaka）是出自敦煌藏经洞的梵文、于阗文双语医书，约抄写于公元11世纪之前。它现存为4个部分，有医方精选集的特点，属于印度“生命吠陀”体系。该医书中还有佛教影响的痕迹。文章主要从其内容结构、双语文本比较、相同医方比较等方面，讨论了《耆婆书》的一些特色。     

Investigating different bio-responses of the upper ocean to Typhoon Haitang using Argo and satellite data

The responses of the upper ocean to Typhoon Haitang in July 2005 are investigated using Argo float and multiplatform satellite data. The results show decreasing sea surface temperature （SST）, a deepening of the mixed layer depth （MLD）, and enhanced Chloro- phyll-a （Chl-a） concentration. Two extreme cool regions are identified. While the magnitude of SST cooling in the two regions is similar, the biological response （Chl- a enhancement） differs. To facilitate comparisons, the region to the northeast of Taiwan is defined as region A and the region east of Taiwan as region B. Ekman pumping and the intrusion of the Kuroshio play an important role in the enhancement of Chl-a in region A. Cold eddies provide the material source for the forma- tion of the cold center in region B, where mixing is dominant. Because of the relatively high translation speed （5 m/s） in region B, Ekman pumping has little influence on the cooling and Chl-a enhancement pro- cesses. Moreover, the MLD is shallower than the nutri- cline, which means that mixing does not result in a marked increase in nutrients in the euphotic layer （where the nutrient concentration is uniformly depleted）. Sea temperatures, in contrast, gradually decrease with depth below the bottom of the mixed layer. In contrast toregion A, region B showed no significant enhancement of Chl-a but strong SST cooling.