Role of the conserved glutamine 291 in the rat γ-aminobutyric acid transporter rGAT-1

We investigated the role of the Q291 glutamine residue in the functioning of the rat γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter GAT-1. Q291 mutants cannot transport GABA or give rise to transient, leak and transport-coupled currents even though they are targeted to the plasma membrane. Coexpression experiments of wild-type and Q291 mutants suggest that GAT-1 is a functional monomer though it requires oligomeric assembly for membrane insertion. We determined the accessibility of Q291 by investigating the impact of impermeant sulfhydryl reagents on cysteine residues engineered in close proximity to Q291. The effect of these reagents indicates that Q291 faces the external aqueous milieu. The introduction of a steric hindrance close to Q291 by means of [2-(trimethylammonium)ethyl] methanethiosulfonate bromide modification of C74A/T290C altered the affinity of the mutant for cations. Taken together, these results suggest that this irreplaceable residue is involved in the interaction with sodium or in maintaining the cation accessibility to the transporter. Received 24 October 2005; accepted 11 November 2005     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定重酒石酸去甲肾上腺素中痕量钯

采用石墨炉原子吸收法测定重酒石酸去甲肾上腺素中的痕量钯,对石墨炉测钯的条件进行了优化,选定的石墨炉升温条件为:干燥100℃,灰化1 000℃,原子化2 300℃,除残2 600℃。用于实际样品测定,方法的精密度为3.45%,检出限为1.55 ng/mL,样品测定结果令人满意。     

植物中的铵根及硝酸根转运蛋白研究进展

氮素(N)是植物需求量最大的营养元素,其利用率是影响植物生长和发育的主要因素。氮素的供需失衡会导致植物产量降低,过量施N肥还会造成环境破坏。NH4+和NO3-是可吸收利用的主要氮源。笔者分析了植物吸收NH4+、NO3-的转运蛋白及其相关基因的表达调控和功能的研究进展,认为在以后的研究中,应加强林木中与氮吸收相关基因的鉴定和认识,特别是加强氮素信号传导途径、NO3-及NH4+在植物体内的运输和调控机制、各蛋白组分间的相互作用、时间和空间表达模式和调控模式的研究。     

导弹运输车振动预测

本文为研究导弹运输车的行军振动,建立了相应的动力学模型,特别是给出了一套较完整的统计响应量数学模型。文中还给出了较详细的计算流程框图,并进行了实例预测。本文提供的方法,可供导弹运输车方案论证阶段使用;可用来对导弹运输车在各种工况下的行军振动进行预测。     

高等植物铁元素的吸收、转位和调控

铁(Fe)是大多数生物体必需的微量营养元素.虽然铁在许多土壤中是丰富的,但铁在土壤中的可溶性非常低,常常限制植物生长.此外,铁自身存在高度的氧化还原特性,对细胞具有潜在的毒性.因此,细胞内铁的动态平衡需要严格调控.植物细胞中形成了一个复杂的信号网络来调节对铁的摄取、分配、运输及其代谢等过程.非禾本科和禾本科植物物种分别通过基于铁还原和铁螯合的两种不同策略从土壤中获得铁.植物对铁的吸收受到局部和全身信号的调控.系统信号通路似乎整合了激素信号、一氧化氮(NO)信号和植物营养需求等多种因素.综述了两种策略所依赖的分子机制和在铁缺乏条件下负责诱导这些策略的因素.     

圆环链铸石衬板刮板运输机在选煤厂的使用

介绍了圆环链铸石衬板刮板运输机的故障处理及改进情况。     

高亲和力钠离子依赖二羧酸转运蛋白基因的克隆、表达及亚细胞定位研究

为了研究高亲和力钠离子依赖二羧酸转运蛋白(high affinity sodium-dependent dicarboxylate transporter,SDCT2,NaDC3)的功能,从小鼠肾组织中克隆出了其cDNA基因,并对其结构特征、基因表达谱及细胞内定位情况进行了分析。结果显示NaDC3蛋白由600个氨基酸组成,同源性分析表明其氨基酸序列与大鼠及人NaDC3分别有97％和87％相同。二级结构分析显示,该蛋白有13个跨膜α-螺旋区。Northern杂交显示该基因可在肾、肝、脑、胎盘等多种组织中表达。激光共聚焦显微镜观察显示该蛋白定位于肾小管上皮细胞膜上。     

Characterization of a PDR type ABC transporter gene from wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）

DON, as a virulence factor, plays an important role in the infection of Fusarium graminearum in wheat. The infection ability of F. graminearum depends on its capacity of producing DON. The production of DON by F. graminearum is significantly decreased in the wheat varieties with scab resistance. In this study, GeneChip analysis indicated that an EST encoding an ATP-binding cassette （ABC） transporter was up-regulated by 45 times in a wheat landrace Wangshuibai, which is resistant to DON accumulation. A pair of EST-derived primers were designed based on the EST sequence, and a clone was then isolated from a wheat genomic DNA TAC library. The TAC clone was sequenced using chromosome walking and gene prediction was conducted using Softberry. A cDNA clone of this gene was subsequently isolated from Wangshuibai induced by DON using gene-specific primers designed according to the untranslated sequence of the gene. The genome size of the gene is 7377 bp, consisting of 19 exons with coding sequences of 4308 bp. It encodes a protein with 1435 amino acid residues and the calculated molecular weight is about 161 kD. BLAST analysis indicated that the gene may belong to pleiotropic drug resistance （PDR） sub-family, and hence designated as TaPDR1 （Triticum aestivum pleiotropic drug resistance）. TaPDR1 was located on chromosome 5A of wheat using nullisomic-tetrasomic lines of Chinese Spring. TaPDR1 was up-regulated by induction of both DON and F. graminearum. Expression patterns of TaPDR1 were different in wild-type Wangshuibai and the fast-neutron induced Wangshuibai mutant lacking FHB1, a major QTL of FHB resistance and DON resistance in chromosome arm 3BS. These results suggested that TaPDR1 might be a candidate gene responsible for DON accumulation resistance. The expression profile showed that TaPDR1 expression was neither induced by hormones typically involved in biotic stress, such as JA and SA, nor by abiotic stresses, such as heat, cold, wounding and NaCI. However, TaPDR1 expression was regulated by Al^3＋ and [Ca^2＋], indicating that [Ca^2＋]1 might mediate the signal of TaPDR1 expression.