Development of Triticum aestivum-Leymus racemosus ditelosomic substitution line 7Lr#1S(7A) with resistance to wheat scab and its meiotic behavior analysis

Leymus racemosus is highly resistant to wheat scab (Fusarum head bright). The transfer of scab resistant gene from L. racemosus to Triticum aestivum is of great significance for broadening the base of wheat resistance. In the present study, the pollen of T. aestivum-L. racemosus monosomic addition line with scab resistance was treated by irradiation with 1200 R 60Co-γ-rays prior to pollinating to emasculated wheat cv. Mianyang 85-45. Nine plants with a telocentric chromosome 7Lr#1S were observed in M1, and one ditelosomic substitution line 7Lr#1S was selected from selfcrossing progenies and confirmed by chromosome C-banding and GISH. Furthermore, a co-dominant EST-SSR marker CINAU 31 was employed to identify this substitution line. A pair of chromosome 7A of common wheat were found to be replaced by a pair of telocentric chromosome 7Lr#1S, and further investigation showed that chromosome configuration of the substitution line at MI of PMCs after GISH was 17.50○II W 2.19 IIW 0.42II7Lr#1S 1.08 I7Lr#1S 0.69 IW. Two telocentric chromosomes paired as a bivalent in 59.7% of PMCs. Abnormal chromosome behaviors of telocentric chromosomes were observed in part of PMCs at anaphase I and telophase I, including the moving of two telocentric chromosomes to the same pole, lagging and earlier separation of their sister chromatid. All these abnormal behaviors can be grouped into three distinct types of tetrads according to different numbers of 7Lr#1S in their daughter cells and various micronucleus in some tetrads. However, due to the high transmission frequency of the female and male gametes with a 7Lr#1S, 84% of the selfcrossing progeny plants had ditelosomic substitution. The substitution line showed high resistance to wheat scab in a successive two-year test both in the greenhouse and field; hence, the line will be particularly valuable for alien gene mapping, small fragment translocation induction and telosomic cytological behavior analysis.     

浅析排球比赛的暂停和换人艺术

暂停和换人是排球比赛中教练员临场指挥的最主要手段，其运用如何，直接关系到比赛的胜负．教练员应讲究暂停和换人艺术，选择适宜时机和办法来布置战术、指点迷津、鼓舞斗志和调配人员，以求克敌制胜．     

一个浮力成因实验的定量计算

从浮力产生的原因这一基本规律出发，采用替代法和数学推导得到小球浮起时液面高度差应满足的条件，给出一个浮力成因实验的高度差计算过程与结果．     

Co（Ⅱ）配合物引发的卤代芳烃SRNl反应的研究

第一次用二价钴的配合物作为单电子转移的自由基键式亲核取代反应(SRNl)的引发剂，对α—溴代萘与片呐酮碳负离子在DMSO中作用得到1—(α—萘基)片呐酮的反应进行了研究，对反应是经由SRNl机理进行了确证，对反应的条件与产率的关系进行了比较研究，为芳香卤代物的亲核取代提出了一种具有潜在应用前景的合成方法．     

几类变系数二阶线性微分方程的解法

给出了二阶线性微分方程求通解的一般公式,并对几类变系数的二阶线性齐次微分方程化为常系数的微分方程作了详细的讨论.     

手性螺-环丙烷类化合物的合成

研究了手性试剂５－（ｌ－孟氧基）－３－溴－２（５Ｈ）－呋喃酮与中等碳链的亲核性醇发生的串联不对称双Ｍｉｃｈａｅｌ加成－分子内亲核聚代反应。通过此反应,一举生成了４个新的手性中心,得到了一般方法难以合成的含有多个手性中心的丁内酯并螺－环丙烷类化合物８ａ－ｄ。     

从环境协议收费现象看排污收费政策的缺陷

调查显示中国中西部地区的企业环境管理存在一定程度的政策失效,主要表现为在执行排污费政策的过程中普遍存在的协议收费现象。作者认为政策失效是由于排污收费政策本身存在两方面的理论缺陷,即忽略了现实中企业环保投资的成本效果曲线中存在的阈值现象以及排污收费政策在企业资金有限条件下将引起的系统的效用损失;环境协议收费现象的出现是对现行排污收费政策缺陷的一种自发性的响应。     

固相合成MAPO-5分子筛及其在甲苯催化燃烧中的应用

以二正丙胺磷酸盐(DPA·H₃PO₄)和四乙基溴化铵(TEABr)为双模板剂,采用简单、绿色、高效的固相研磨法合成了多级孔杂原子磷酸铝分子筛CeAPO-5和CoAPO-5;为提升催化性能,增加分子筛中铈离子的含量,制备了一系列不同铈掺杂量的CeAPO-5分子筛,包括CeAPO-5分子筛(w(Ce)=2%)、1.2CeAPO-5分子筛(w(Ce)=2.4%)和2CeAPO-5分子筛(w(Ce)=4%)。通过X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、N₂吸脱附测试(BET)、固体紫外可见(UV-Vis)漫反射光谱和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段对所合成分子筛进行表征,同时以甲苯为目标污染物,考察了分子筛催化剂在催化燃烧反应中的催化性能。结果表明,所合成的分子筛都具有典型的AFI结构,结晶度较高,且Ce离子和Co离子被成功引入到分子筛骨架中;CeAPO-5分子筛在甲苯催化燃烧反应中较CoAPO-5分子筛具有更好的催化性能;在将金属Ce的含量从2%提高到4%的过程中,催化剂催化氧化甲苯的活性也有所提高,当反应温度为400 ℃时,2CeAPO-5分子筛的甲苯转化率接近100%;通过对催化剂在360 ℃时催化氧化甲苯的稳定性进行研究发现,2CeAPO-5分子筛在经过30 h的反应后仍保持70%左右的甲苯转化率。     

考虑要素替代弹性时技术进步影响劳动生产率变动的测定

从要素替代弹性的角度推导了技术进步影响劳动生产率变动的不同测定模型,并在此基础上进行了模型的应用及比较分析。