上消化道病内镜微波组织凝固疗法的临床应用与评价

本文报告应用内镜微波组织凝固疗法(EMCT)治疗胃息肉、胃癌、消化性溃疡三种疾病21例、39次治疗。提出了溃疡面搔刮加微波凝固治疗难治性溃疡、及EMCT联合内镜下局部注射化疗治疗进展期胃癌等方法。胃息肉13例27枚及Ⅱa型早期胃癌1例与消化性溃疡3例全部达到治愈。85.2％的胃息肉EMCT一次治疗成功,Ⅱa型早癌一次成功,消化性溃疡2例一次成功。进展期胃癌4例均达到肿块缩小、狭窄的胃腔扩大与自觉症状改善的效果。鉴于疗效显著,认为三种疾病均适用本疗法;并就EMCT的适应症、使用限度和治疗目的作了讨论;展望了以EMCT作为早期胃癌经内镜根治疗法手段之一的远景。     

PCNA,KI67在胃黏膜良恶性病变中表达的临床研究

目的　探讨增殖细胞抗原PCNA,KI67在胃黏膜良恶性病变中表达的临床意义.方法　采用免疫组织化学方法,对44例胃溃疡恶变的胃癌切除术标本中胃癌组织、周围黏膜及正常黏膜中PCNA,Ki67的表达进行检测,分析细胞的增殖状态及恶性程度.结果　PCNA,Ki67在胃癌组织及癌周组织中均呈现高表达状态,而正常黏膜则呈现低表达,两者均具有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论　PCNA及ki67的表达情况可为高危人群胃黏膜病变的重要诊断指标.     

卵巢癌中的表观遗传修饰

介绍了在卵巢癌的发展和治疗中表观遗传学的重要性，特别强调了在卵巢癌中内源性和获得性耐药性遗传途径中异常的DNA甲基化和组蛋白去乙酰化的重要性．通过表观遗传治疗反转肿瘤抑制基因沉寂和其他参与药物级联反应的基因沉寂为出现耐药性的卵巢癌患者带来了新的希望．     

血管生成抑制剂与肺癌治疗的研究进展

目的:探讨血管生成抑制剂治疗肺癌的研究进展.方法:收集该类药物的国内外近期资料加以综合归纳.结果:血管生成抑制剂治疗肺癌方法可行,前景诱人.结论:随着血管生成抑制剂的不断开发和研究,对于肺癌这一血管增生明显的肿瘤,深入研究抗血管治疗具有重要意义.     

血清胃蛋白酶原与胃癌

综述了血清胃蛋白酶原(SPG)与胃癌的研究进展资料显示胃癌患者血清PG Ⅰ,PG Ⅰ/Ⅱ比值在统计学上有显著性下降,胃癌术后复发与转移患者血清PG Ⅰ,PGⅡ明显升高.研究认为血清PG含量可作为胃癌早期诊断、胃癌术后复发与转移的检测指标之一.     

全直肠系膜切除超低位吻合治疗低位直肠癌

目的探讨全直肠系膜切除超低位吻合对低位直肠癌保肛手术的意义.方法分析1995～1999年76例行全直肠系膜切除超低位吻合的低位直肠癌的资料.结果局部复发率低,仅有6.5%,72例(94.7%)患者术后3个月排便次数及控便机能接近正常人,无手术死亡及严重并发症.结论本手术疗效明显优于传统直肠癌根治术.     

中华大蟾蜍肺毛细血管的扫描电镜观察

用扫描电镜观察了ＡＢＳ丁酮溶液灌注的中华大蟾蜍肺毛细胞管构筑情况，其肺壁被内面的施工网状隔膜分隔成许多小室－肺泡；在网状隔膜，肺泡壁上均有丰富的毛细血管，且相互吻合成单层密集网；肺泡毛细血管网眼多，由五边形的毛细管环构成，毛细血管直径９．５３－１６．７３μｍ，网眼孔径９１．７－２５．１８μｍ；在毛细血管铸型上有明显的内皮细胞核的压迹。     

Integrin antagonists

Integrins are a family of cell surface glycoproteins that mediate numerous cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and are involved in biological processes such as tissue morphogenesis, leukocyte recirculation and migration, wound healing, blood clotting and immune response. Aberrant cell adhesion has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including a number of inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and asthma, as well as cancer and coronary heart disease. As such integrins are seen as excellent targets for the development of therapeutic agents. This report begins with an examination of the structure of integrin molecules and their ligands and then goes on to review the current state of development of antiintegrin antagonists. Received 13 April 1999; received after revision 28 May 1999; accepted 28 May 1999     

How retinoids regulate breast cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis

Breast cancer still remains a major problem in its incidence, morbidity and mortality; therefore, more effective strategies for its prevention are urgently needed. Retinoids, natural and synthetic derivatives of vitamin A, possess antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties, making them a promising class of chemopreventive agents against breast cancer. The efficacy of all-trans retinoic acid, 9-cis-retinoic acid, LGD1069 (Targretin, bexarotene), and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (fenretinide) as breast cancer chemopreventive agents is being studied. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of action of these agents should lead to improvements in their clinical application. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which retinoids exert their antiproliferative and apoptotic effects in breast cancer cells.Received 5 January 2004; received after revision 9 February 2004; accepted 12 February 2004