黄河流域甘肃段城镇经济空间结构特征演变及动因探析

目的 在黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展成为重大国家战略、黄河流域甘肃段作为甘肃省国土空间格局优化主体的时代背景下,从经济视角探索区域城镇空间结构的内在属性以提高黄河流域甘肃段总体发展水平。方法 借助引力模型、区位商指数及地理探测器分别从城镇经济联系网络结构、城镇竞争优势结构、产业集聚结构3个方面对黄河流域甘肃段城镇经济空间结构的演变特征、动因进行探讨。结论 区域经济联系网络水平和城镇竞争优势水平均逐步增强,其结构由单中心簇型向多中心簇型演进,第一产业集聚结构经历了“全局型结构—穿孔型结构”演变过程,第二产业集聚结构为穿孔型结构,且该结构逐步增强,第三产业集聚结构经历了“穿孔型结构—局部型结构—穿孔型结构”的演变过程;黄河流域甘肃段城镇竞争优势与地方政府财政收入关系密切,相应产业产值占比越高产业发展越集聚,此外受生态保护、供给侧改革的影响,已经开始走去工业化及工业转型道路,固定资产投资和政府财政支出在发展第二产业上的投入占比将下降。     

纤维协同效应下超高性能混凝土的弯曲性能

为研究钢-聚丙烯粗纤维对超高性能混凝土（UHPC）的弯拉性能影响，采用四点弯曲试验，得到不同掺量（钢纤维与聚丙烯粗纤维掺入体积分数分别为0、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%）组合下的荷载-挠度曲线，从试件破坏形态、抗弯强度、弯曲韧性等方面进行阐述，并且利用单掺纤维拟合公式引出一个可行性较高的评价模型，并利用该模型对混杂纤维的协同效应进行分析，最后结合扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对混杂纤维UHPC微观结构进行观测。试验结果表明：钢-聚丙烯粗纤维的掺入显著提高了UHPC的抗弯强度，提高幅度为17.8%～101.2%；同时利用提出的模型发现混杂纤维的协同效应在总纤维掺入体积分数为1.5%～2.0%时呈现正协同效应，并在钢纤维与聚丙烯粗纤维掺入体积分数为1.0%时取得最好的正协同效应；另外，与不掺纤维的试件相比，钢纤维与聚丙烯粗纤维的加入分别使基体试件的初裂韧度提升了51.8%～98.2%与33.9%～48.2%，同时在钢纤维掺入体积分数为1.0%和聚丙烯粗纤维掺入体积分数为1.0%的搭配比例下，对UHPC弯曲韧性的改善效果最优，进一步验证了纤维协同效应评价模型；最后在微观层面揭示了纤维混杂产生的协同...     

普林格尔治疗仪促进产后乳汁分泌的疗效观察

目的：观察普林格式治疗仪促进产后乳汁分泌的疗效。方法各选取100例产后30 d乳汁量少的产妇，一组接受普林格尔治疗仪治疗，称为观察组，一组只接受传统方法治疗，称为对照组，观察两组产妇乳汁量的变化。结果经过普林格尔治疗仪治疗和指导的观察组效果明显优于只接受传统方法治疗的对照组，差异具有显著性（p〈0.05）。结论普林格尔治疗仪有利于促进产妇产后的乳汁分泌，且操作简单、风险小、无副作用，值得推广。     

提高课堂教学质量的探讨

课堂教学是学校实施德、智、体、美等教育及培养和提高学生能力的主渠道、主阵地，课堂教学效果的好坏直接影响到教学质量和学生素质。     

Gas-liquid phase coexistence and finite-size effects in a two-dimensional Lennard-Jones system

The gas-liquid phase coexistence in a two-dimensional Lennard-Jones system is investigated using Maxwell construction method together with molecular dynamics simulations.The results of phase coexistence in different truncations of the potential are compared with data obtained from the literature,and the corresponding critical properties calculated.The crossover from Ising-like to mean field behavior is observed and confirmed as the temperature approaches the critical point from below.Performing simulations on systems with different sizes,we find that a finite size effect is more significant than those shown in most of the previous results,and a lower critical temperature is obtained when the full extent of this finite size effect is considered.     

Temporal and spatial distribution of tropospheric CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> over China based on satellite observations

Mid-troposphere CO₂ data retrieved by the AIRS (atmospheric infrared sounder) were validated with five ground-based stations and aircraft measurements in the Northern Hemisphere. AIRS CO₂ products show good agreement with ground and aircraft observations. The data had a monthly average accuracy better than 3 ppmv. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution of mid-troposphere CO₂ from January 2003 to December 2008 was analyzed based on this satellite product. The average concentration of atmospheric CO₂ was higher in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere. The yearly average results show a gradual increase from 2003 to 2008. In China, the annual growth rate was about 2 ppmv/a, similar to the United States, Europe, Australia and India, but was slightly lower than Canada and Russia. Mid-troposphere CO₂ concentrations were higher over northern China than over southern areas, due to differences in natural conditions and industrial layout. There were four centers of high CO₂ concentration between 35° and 45°N over China, with low concentrations over Yunnan Province. There was a significant seasonal CO₂ variation with peak concentration in spring and the lowest concentration in autumn.     

Magnetocaloric effect in Er-Al-Co bulk metallic glasses

A series of Er-Al-Co bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have been prepared by the copper mold casting method. The glass forming ability and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) for these alloys have been investigated. The second-order magnetic transition from para-magnetic to ferromagnetic states takes place at about 9 K. These BMGs exhibit excellent MCE because of their large effective magneton number; Er56Al24Co20 BMG has a maximum entropy change and refrigeration capacity of 16.06 J kg-1 K-1 and 546 J kg-1,respectively...     

关于二语习得中个体差异的比较分析

在二语习得的过程中,学习者将不可避免地受到各种各样因素的影响,并因此而产生不同的学习效果。Johnson、Brown、Hedge等学者都对第二语言习得过程中的个体性差异做了广泛的研究,由于理论视角的不同,三位学者对二语习得中的个体差异的阐述充分体现了仁者见仁、智者见智的特点。     

关于法律后果的法理分析

法律后果是指行为人依据法律应承担的有利或不利的结果。无论是学术界中的“二要素说”，还是“三要素说”，法律后果都是法律规范逻辑结构的必备内容。使用“法律后果”，避免了使用“制裁”作为法律后果仅指否定性结果的片面性，同时，也避免了与“行为后果”之混淆。法律后果与行为后果具有密切联系，但二者在后果承担的主体、后果的表现形式、后果的确定性程度、后果的对称性等方面存在着明显区别。法律后果与法律效果是相互促进的，但法律效果属于价值评价范围，法律后果属于法律规范逻辑结构范畴。法律后果与法律责任之间也存在着同一性、对应性、不对称性的关系。     

一种利用霍尔效应测量螺线磁场的新方法

给出了一种利用霍尔效应测量螺线管磁场的新方法：用数字电压表取代电位差计等诸多仪器测量霍尔电热差，进而计算出通电长直螺线管内轴向磁场的分布，实验证明，该方法测量精度高、稳定性好，克服了以往测量方法的缺点，极大地提高了实验精度和实验效率。