Fast and accurate measurement of diffusion coefficient by Taylor’s dispersion analysis

This investigation aimed at improving the performance of Taylor's dispersion analysis for the fast and accurate measurement of diffusion coefficient of a minute solute in various solvents. The investigation was carried out on a capillary electrophoresis instrument by monitoring the UV absorption peak of a solute pulse and calculating the diffusion coefficient by peak efficiency. With L-phenylalanine as a main testing solute, some key factors were afterward disclosed including especially the capillary size, carrier flow velocity, injection volume and capillary conditioning. Peak tailing, large volume of sample injection and slow migration were found to underestimate the diffusion coefficient while very fast migration and high sample concentration caused overestimation. At a moderate flow velocity of 0.1―1 cm/s with a capillary of 72.44 μm I.D.×60 cm (50 cm effective) maintained at 25℃, the diffusion coefficient of aqueous L-phenylalanine was determined, giving a value of 7.02×10-6 cm2/s with error＜2% and relative standard deviation＜0.2% (n=3). The method was shown to be applicable to the measurement of various samples such as aqueous phenylalanine, acetone, phenol, toluene and benzene, and nonaqueous benzene (in ethanol or 1-butanol).     

红树莓品种的越冬性初步研究

在沈阳地区,采用电导法、组织褐变法和萌芽生长法对不同红树莓品种的越冬性进行研究,结果表明,树莓越冬枝条在-20~-25℃条件下遭受冻害,致死临界温度为-30℃,越冬期间枝条表皮保水能力较差,抽条现象较严重.树莓越冬伤害为冻害和抽条伤害两种,但主要是抽条伤害.     

The Film-forming Properties of Propylene Carbonate (PC) on Graphite Anodes

1 Results Propylene carbonate (PC) is well known having a series of excellent properties including low melting point,wide liquid-phase range and wide electrochemical window.In addition,PC is well compatible with different cathode materials.However,the poor compatibility of PC with graphite anode limits the utilization of PC solvent into lithium ion batteries.It is generally accepted that PC molecules co-intercalate into graphite interlayer with solvated Li ions and cause exfoliation of graphite structur...     

炉渣对定氧探头的作用

研究了液态FexO渣及碱性复杂炉渣中FexO对定氧探头的作用。纯FexO渣对探头的ZrO_2(MgO)管有强烈的侵蚀,且随温度的上升而加剧;碱性复杂炉渣对ZrO_2(MgO)管的侵蚀较轻微,当侵蚀达到一定程度时会使探头损坏。在碱性复杂炉渣中CaF_2的作用下,渣液与ZrO_2(MgO)管反应,在其表面生成锆酸钙,使电池电动势达到平衡的时间后延,甚至使测定失败。因此,它不宜用于测定高CaF_2含量的碱性炉渣。     

固体电解质ZrO2（Y2O3）粉末的制备研究

本文比较了几种制备方法及Y_2O_3含量对ZrO_2材料性能的影响,提出了ZrO_2立方相的稳定机理。结果发现,在相同Y_2O_3含量条件下,不同制备方法制得的粉末其晶相中ZrO_2立方相体积分数有较大差异。随Y_2O_3含量的增加,粉末晶相中立方相体积分数迅速增大,其立方相晶胞参数逐渐增加,而当Y_2O_3含量增加到9mol%时,晶胞参数反过来又减小。SEM照片表明,随Y_2O_3含量的增加。ZrO_2粉末颗粒逐渐增大,Y_2O_3含量大于6mol%时,ZrO_2粉末形状变得较不均匀规整。Y_2O_3含量较低时,ZrO_2粉末才具有较好的烧結性能。     

Cu-La-O体系热力学研究

为开拓稀土元素在铜及其合金中的有效利用,本文在1390—1475 K温度下,用固相-液相平衡法研究了Cu-La-O体系的热力学,用固体电解质氧浓差电池法测定了铜液中氧的活度,得到镧的脱氧常数,及脱氧常数与温度的关系式。由测得的数据还求得镧在熔铜中的溶解自由能、活度系数与温度的关系和铜液中镧自身的相互作用系数。     

氧化钙部分稳定的氧化锆陶瓷渗氧机理的研究

本文采用渗氧池的方法研究了氧化钙-氧化锆陶瓷在960—1450℃的温度范围内的渗氧性,渗氧池一侧的氧分压(P′o_2)为10~(-3)～1大气压,另一侧的氧分压(P″o_2)为10~(-0)～10~(-4)大气压,单位时间单位面积渗氧量与(P′o_2~(1/n)-P″o_2~(1/n))成正比,其中指数项中的n值依赖于样品的微观结构和厚度,所导出的由内部扩散及表面反应混合控制的机理与实验结果一致,从而满意地解释了渗氧性对氧压依赖关系的特异规律,内部扩散及表面反应的活化能相近,约为200kJ/mol。     

电解液添加剂GAT对铅酸电池自放电性能的影响

通过自放电实验、循环伏安法及X射线色散能谱(EDX)分析,研究共晶型电解液添加剂GAT对铅酸电池自放电性能的影响.结果表明:GAT的加入,电池的自放电稍有增加;从对电池自放电性能的影响角度看,GAT添加量宜小些.并初步探讨了添加剂对电池自放电性能影响的可能机理.     

固体电解质ZrO2-CeO2-SrO超细粉的制备

通过试验研制出了ZrO2 -CeO2 -SrO固体电解质超细粉 研究表明 ,其颗粒粒径随母液的浓度的增大、氨水的加入量的减少、烧结温度的提高及烧结时间的延长而增大 ,粒径分布的范围也增大 ,适宜条件分别为 0 .1mol/L ,pH为 1 4,70 0℃ ,4h .通过SEM观察 ,颗粒呈无规则形状 ,通过XRD分析了氧化物之间的结合情况 ,发现有固溶体产生 图 3,表 4,参 5