无纺织物过滤黏土的梯度比试验及机理研究

采用2种土工织物和黏土进行梯度比试验,并通过试验后黏土试样微观结构的电镜扫描,从微观上认识土工织物过滤黏土机制。结果表明:在土工织物过滤黏土的过程中,初期梯度比会快速上升,达到峰值后,织物-黏土体系淤堵情况逐渐缓解,透水性相对改善,梯度比下降并趋于稳定;在过滤过程中靠近织物的黏土中会发生细颗粒穿过土工织物逃逸的现象,这是织物-黏土体系的透水性改善的内在机制;过滤后的黏土主要以聚粒形式存在,结构较疏松,在靠近织物的黏土中出现较大的孔隙;不同孔径和工艺的土工织物过滤黏土机制相同,但淤堵程度不同。     

INVESTIGATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF DYNAMIC HEAT AND MOISTURE TRANSMISSIONS THROUGH FABRICS

In this paper, the dynamic heat and moisture transmissions through fabrics are investigated, and their interaction manner is discussed. The essentials of the apparatus developed for measuring the amount of heat flow through fabrics during the whole period of simulated sweating action is reported. The registered heat flow flux in a continuous curve form covering the complete dry-wet-dry cycle of the sample is presented. Interpretation of the feature of the curve and indexes for characterizing the wearing comfort property of fabrics are suggested.     

非织造布力学各向异性与顶破强力的模拟计算

本文研讨非织造布力学性质估算方法。取对称于两垂直轴的各向异性平面体,各方向的应力与应变保持线性,应用平面体任意方向的拉伸模量与主模量间的关系式,推导得出上述平面体的顶破强力计算公式。顶破强力计算式中包括舍弹性常数(材料拉伸应力方向与主模量方向间夹角的函数)、材料最小断裂伸长率和试样尺寸等参数。设令非织造布符合上述平面体模型,采用非织造布力学性质实测资料验证其适应程度。文中给出两种涤纶热轧非织造布的试验结果与理论计算值随参数值变化的规律基本一致,丙纶溶喷非织造布的顶裂强力实测值与理论计算值的差异随参数值不同而变化。     

探讨建立QR织物CAD组织库的新方法--按织物表面纹理效应选择织物组织

建立织物组织库是面向面料QR的智能化织物CAD系统的一个发展趋势，其中科学管理组织库是关键。通过分析国内外组织分类法的优缺点，以及信息时代生产技术提高、面料设计个性化发展对传统织物的组织分类法的冲击，阐明对织物组织重新分类的必要性。借鉴图书分类法，提出依据织物的实际外观效应、结合织物结构特征对组织进行分类的新方法。     

高效精练剂PS-202的研制

精练剂PS－202由多种表面活性剂复配而成，通过与其它精练剂比较，对其性能进行测定，结果表明，PS－202是一种性能优良的高效精练剂。     

An Experimental Study of Aspect Ratio on the Tensile Properties of an Elastic Fabric for Making-up of Pressure Garments

The“cut-and-sewn” pressure garments are normally tailored made in various sizes according to the size of human body as well as the area of burn wounds.When a tubular pressure garment is cut in different length and width measurements,different aspect ratio will be occurred on the elastic fabric for making up the pressuregarment. Many therapists in Hong Kong concerned the change of aspect ratio may affect the tensile properties of the elastic fabric and ultimately will affect the skin-and-garment interface pressure for the patient.The aim of     

测定纱线弯曲刚度的实验方法

为了研究织机上的打纬和织物形成过程,本文提出了以频闪摄影测定纱线弯曲刚度的实验方法,并运用该方法对不同纱线的弯曲刚度进行了测定。     

高收缩涤纶应用于合成革基布的探讨

高收缩涤纶是国内新研制成功的具有极高收缩率的新型纤维。本文是利用高收缩涤纶这一特性,分别通过20个不同方案进行试样制和性能测试,通过数据分析处理,其结果表明:在实验条件下,将高收缩涤纶运用于合成革基布,切实可行,并得到高致密度、平整度、合理的物理机械性能的合成革基布的最优工艺参数。     

非织造人发黑炭衬的研制

黑炭衬是西服的高档辅料.为了利用人发固有的特性制造出优于耗牛毛的黑炭衬,作者已研制出一种采用非织造针刺技术生产出人发和化学纤维混和的人发针刺毡,再经后整理加工成人发黑炭衬。该法工艺流程短,产量高,含发率高,可生产出高附加值的人发黑炭村.文中对人发纤维与各类化纤的混和、混和比、非织适的工艺参数以及整理剂、后整理条件作了探索和分析.并用风格仪对树脂整理后的各类人发黑炭衬进行了光滑度、硬挺度、丰满度等性能测试.     

High Oil-absorptive Composites Prepared from Non-woven Fiber and Sponges with 4-tert- butylstyrene-EPDM-divinylbenzene Graft Polymer

4-tert-butylstyrene-EPDM-divinylbenzene graft terpolym-er (PBED) was prepared by graft cross-polymerization in toluene using BPO as an initiator. The gel-PBED and sol-PBED were isolated from extraction of tetrahydrofuran (THF), and then they were identified by IR spectr-oscopy. The maximum oil-absorptivity of gel-PBED produced from the optimum reaction conditions was 8420% but its swelling rate was very low. The highest oil-absorptivity of photocrosslinked sol-PBED film was 5 800%. Although its oil absorbency was not as high as gel-PBED' s, swelling rate was higher than that of gel-PBED and was suitable for commercial purpose. After swelling in oil, neither gel-PBED nor photocrosslinked sol-PBED film having high oil-absorptivity had sufficient mechanical strength to be taken out of oil wholly. As is known, composite technique is one of the useful methods for reinforcing them. Fibers, sponges and non-woven cloths were used as reinforcers or supporters in this work. Oil-absorptivities and swelling kinetics