论企业技术创新的评价

讨论了企业技术创新的评价方法，引入事实评价与价值评价标准，对企业技术创新进行技术评价和社会评价。认为只有当企业技术创新的技术评价和社会评价均为可行时，技术创新方案才原则上可以采用。     

化工传热过程计算方法的分析

通过分析比较化工传热过程计算中的平均温度差法(MTD法)和传热单元数法(NTU法),找出了它们之间的内在联系,结合这两种方法的优点,组合成了一种新的计算方法,应用于化工传热过程的计算,可使计算过程大为简便,同时又可评价换热设备流动型式的合理性。     

The Frontier Movement and The American Values and Beliefs

This paper briefly accounts the background of American values and beliefs. It analyses the essence of the American ideals and points out that the American values are exaggerated and glamorized by the American upper class. They are in a sense, a dose of anaesthetic and a kind of hypocrisy.     

The Response of Debris-Flow Events to Solar Proton Flares （Ⅰ）

By analyzing the observation data from Dongchuan Debris Flow Observation and Research Station and historical data from year 1965 to 1990 gotten from National Astronomical Ob-servatories/Yunnan Observatory,the responding of debris flow in Jiangjia Ravine to Solar Proton Flare is studied. The following conclusion can be drawn. Solar Proton Flare,as one of most im-portant astronomical factors,affects the activity of debris flow in Yunnan. Generally,from 1965 to1990,the more active Solar Pro-ton Flare is,the greater the probability of high frequency and large runoff of debris flow is. On the contrary,the less active Solar Pro-ton Flare is,the greater the probability of low frequency,small runoff,and low sediment transport of debris flow is.     

Picturing the moon: Hevelius’s and Riccioli’s visual debate

This article investigates the maps of the moon produced in the mid-seventeenth century by Jesuit Giambattista Riccioli (1598-1671) and Johannes Hevelius (1611-1687), whose cartographic projects competed for widespread acceptance. Although Hevelius’s Selenographia (1647) was applauded for its many detailed, self-engraved pictures of the moon, his cartography and proposed nomenclature were supplanted by Riccioli’s as offered in Almagestum novum (1651), in spite of the latter’s simplistic pictures and promotion of geocentric cosmology. Exploring this paradox through pictorial analysis, three types of images common to both Selenographia and Almagestum novum are compared, employing an analytical tool developed by Svetlana Alpers in The art of describing (1983). A focus on this debate exposes the tensions evoked by new technologies of vision and competing cultures of visual epistemology in seventeenth-century astronomy. As both selenographers grappled with questions about the role of representation and what kinds of knowledge could be generated visually, the successes and failures of their competing projects present implications for the course of visual astronomy, as well as for our understanding of the use of ‘visual technologies’ in a period of controversy.     

道琼斯工业指数与纳斯达克指数的非线性协整分析

首先对道琼斯工业指数进行分整分析,长记忆的道指被分数维差分得到平稳时间序列;进而对纳指也进行分数维差分.由于两指数的分整阶数不同,故不存在线性协整关系,所以,文章着重讨论两指数的非线性协整关系.     

峡江方言的人称代词

峡江方言的人称代词主要有三身代词我、你、渠、我叽、我吧、你叽、渠叽以及非三身代词自家、口口[p‘iaη~(44)·ηa]、人家、大家。全文对它们的语音形式作了详细描写,并通过与普通话中的相应形式的比较,逐个分析它们的意义指称对象和语法功能,其中有些人称代词在语用中还会发生转义,文中将其概括为虚指、泛指和转指三种情况。     

由理性到经验--现代数学哲学研究的历史走向

数学基础的研究，形成了逻辑主义、形式主义和直觉主义三大学派，其运用理性主义构造数学，认为数学是一个欧几里得系统。拉卡托斯通过对三大学派所做工作分析之后，认为数学是一个拟经验系统，数学的真理性是被“说明”，而不是被“证明”的，它的发展模式是：问题——猜测——反驳，数学理论具有可证伪性。由理性主义到经验主义是现代数学哲学研究的历史走向，这种走向表明数学在不断追求完美与和谐。     

西藏高山草原土放线菌研究初探

本文采用常规方法研究西藏6个分布于海拔4,240～4,850m 的高山草原土的放线菌数量,对从6个土样中分离纯化所得的454株放线菌中选出具有代表性的84株菌进行分离鉴定。结果表明:西藏同一土类不同土样中放线菌数量差异很大;84株代表性菌可分为9个属,链霉菌属(76.2%)占优势。     

山东细犬能量需要与平衡研究

能量是营养学的重要指标,能量摄入和消耗之间的失衡对动物的健康及保持作为实验动物的重要特性都会产生影响.对于犬的能量需要研究一般是研究基础代谢率,近年来研究能量需要较多,比如热量测定法或保持体重恒定法.保持体重恒定法是指一定时间(5周以上)保持体重恒定时的能量需要为主要指标,保持体重恒定时的进食能量即为能量需要.通过选取1岁左右健康山东细犬12只,随机分为3组,每组4只,各组分别喂不同能量水平的日粮(能量水平分别为10.22MJ/kg、11.23MJ/kg、11.92MJ/kg),每天上午定时定量饲喂,自由饮水.每周空腹称重.饲养试验的第15d开始收集粪便,连续4d,将4d粪便混匀在一起,部分取样进行水分和含氮量测定,其余部分制成风干标本测定能量,用测热法测定能量.主要结果如下三组动物在不同能量水平饲喂6周体重增加不明显(P＞0.05);三组动物粪能和尿能无显著性差异,但消化能和代谢能差异显著(P＜0.05).说明对于山东细犬,维持体重的恒定不需要刻意控制饲料的能量水平,其自身可以通过不同的代谢水平调节.