过氧化二异丙苯在空气中的非等温热分解动力学

采用热重-微分热重(TG-DTG)技术,研究过氧化二异丙苯在动态空气气氛中的热分解过程.运用Starink法,Madhusudanan-Krishnan-Ninan(MKN)法和Achar-Brindley-Sharp-Wendworth(ABSW)法分析非等温动力学数据,推断出过氧化二异丙苯热分解动力学模式为收缩球状R3模型,得到其反应的动力学方程为dα/dt=Aexp(-E/RT)×3(1-α)2/3,热分解反应的活化能E为117.32 kJ.mol-1,活化自由能ΔG≠为123.12 kJ.mol-1,活化焓ΔH≠为113.69 kJ.mol-1,活化熵ΔS≠为-21.41 J.(mol.K)-1.     

SHPB技术在材料动态加载相变行为研究方面的拓展

对比分析了分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)技术的冲击加载的方式以及传输和加载机制,分离式霍普金森压杆根据不同的目的可对加载装置和实验方法进行调整,依据其冲击加载基本原理,尝试将分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)技术引入非晶合金材料的冲击加载诱变研究中,实验表明,SHPB技术在材料一维加载情况的相变及其机理研究方面有着广阔的应用前景.     

Liquid droplet as efficient master in thin membrane fabrication of poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic devices

In this paper,liquid droplet master was for the first time used to fabricate thin membranes integrated polymeric microfluidic devices.As demonstration,water liquid droplet master was used to make a thin membrane in PDMS microfluidic devices which were prepared by using printed master.The PDMS membrane can be controlled down to approximately 10 μm thick with considerable vapour permeation which was adjusted by environmental humidity.An array of the microfluidic devices with thin PDMS membranes was also used ...     

Al_(88)Co_4Y_6Er_2非晶合金的晶化动力学行为

采用单辊旋淬法制备了Al88Co4Y6Er2非晶合金,差热分析手段研究了该非晶合金晶化动力学性能.根据约化玻璃转变温度Trg,发现Er(2at%)元素部分取代Al88Co4Y8非晶合金中的Y元素后,得到的Al88Co4Y6Er2非晶合金具有更强的玻璃形成能力.计算得到Al88Co4Y6Er2非晶合金的晶化激活能,初始晶化激活能为381 kJ·mol-1,发现Al88Co4Y6Er2非晶合金具有很好的热稳定性.     

西藏查波措盐湖卤水15℃蒸发析盐规律研究

以西藏查波措盐湖湖水作为研究对象,依据15℃下Na＋、K＋、Mg^2＋／／C1-、SO2-4—H20五元相图,研究了高温蒸发后再冷却至15℃过程中湖水的析盐规律,同时获得了湖水组成、体积及蒸发量等的变化规律,为盐田规划设计、指导现场生产操作提供了依据．     

十二水硫酸铝铵的制备与表征

介绍了冷却结晶法制备NH4Al（SO4）2912H2O,并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射、热重-差热等手段对结晶物进行表征,并通过铁灵分光光度法、重量法和水杨酸分光光度法分别测定Al3＋、SO42-和NH4＋含量确定结晶物中NH4Al（SO4）2·12H2O的含量.     

数值模拟橡胶挤出口模内熔体的非等温流动

使用CFD软件Polyflow,采用非等温的本构方程逆向挤出数字设计了汽车密封件橡胶口模.数值模拟该橡胶口模的挤出过程,数值计算了口模内橡胶熔体的非等温流场,讨论了温度对口模结构尺寸和橡胶熔体流变行为的影响.研究结果表明,沿熔体流动的方向,非等温熔体的平均速度和平均压力比等温的大,平均剪切应力和平均黏度都低于等温.与实际产品截面比较,非等温模拟的口模截面形状比等温的更接近实际情况,相对误差仅为1.63%.非等温的数值模拟更接近口模挤出的实际情况.采用非等温的本构方程设计口模将提高口模和产品的质量.     

Crystallization dynamics of supersaturated NaClO4 aerosols studied by high-speed photography

Single supersaturated NaClO4 aerosol droplets on a quartz substrate were observed by a high-speed video camera for their morphologic changes with decreasing relative humidity （RH）. The supersaturated droplets were found to form anhydrous NaClO4 at -10% RH. Three stages were roughly observed in this process, i.e., the main stem appearance, primary and secondary branches growth, and the deep dehydration. The main stem grew steadily and finished in 120 ms. Affected by both crystal precipitation and water evaporation, primary branches grew for 1200 ms, accompanied by a slower growth of secondary branches. The deep dehydration was more complicated, and lasted for a longer time.     

Crystallization dynamics of supersaturated NaClO_4 aerosols studied by high-speed photography

Single supersaturated NaClO4 aerosol droplets on a quartz substrate were observed by a high-speed video camera for their morphologic changes with decreasing relative humidity (RH). The supersatu- rated droplets were found to form anhydrous NaClO4 at ~10% RH. Three stages were roughly observed in this process, i.e., the main stem appearance, primary and secondary branches growth, and the deep dehydration. The main stem grew steadily and finished in 120 ms. Affected by both crystal precipitation and water evaporation, primary branches grew for 1200 ms, accompanied by a slower growth of sec- ondary branches. The deep dehydration was more complicated, and lasted for a longer time.     

模糊鲁棒控制器在结晶过程中的应用

结晶是提纯物质的重要方法,广泛应用在制药和化工工业中,但结晶是一个具有多变量、时变性、不确定性的复杂过程,不同阶段有不同的控制要求,结晶罐温度和液位控制间又存在一定的耦合,传统PID控制难以达到较好地控制效果,因此针对这一复杂过程提出了模糊鲁棒控制的方法,首先通过串联解耦消除青霉素结晶过程中存在的耦合,然后建立系统的T...