不同温度处理对春小麦幼苗叶内过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶的影响

本文研究了8℃(处理)和25℃(对照)对8个春小麦品种幼苗叶内过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶的影响。聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳酶谱经薄层色谱扫描分析表明:1)处理的过氧化物酶同工酶带数比对照减少1条和增加2条的各有1个品种;酶带数没有变化的有6个品种。处理的过氧化物酶活性,比对照升高和降低的各有4个品种。2)处理的酯酶同工酶带数比对照增加1～3条;酯酶活性升高的只有3个品种,而降低的却有5个品种。本研究结果有助于对春小麦抗寒性的了解。     

铅,镉对黄鳝血清中三种酶活性的影响

报告了重金属铅(Pb~(2+))和镉(Cd~(2+))对黄鳝血清中谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)以及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性的影响.将黄鳝置于两种不同浓度的重金属溶液中,随着重金属浓度的增加和放置时间的加长,血清中三种酶活性也随之增加,尤其以 GOT 和 LDH 活性增加最明显.通过对三种酶活性的测定,可以反映黄鳝受两种重金属的毒害情况,也可对环境水质中重金属 Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)的污染情况起监测作用.     

低温冷藏玉米花粉过氧化物酶同工酶的变化

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶盘状电泳对低温冷冻－真空干燥－常低温保存的玉米花粉过氧化物酶同工酶进行了研究，在相对温度保持在８０％，贮藏温度－１０℃，花娄水汾保持在６％￣８％的条件下，经冷冻贮藏１５０ｄ后仍有５％￣８￣的萌发能力，结果表明，过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱的表达与冷藏的时间，温度，湿度有关。     

反应性抗菌整理剂的合成及其抗菌性能研究

本文以2,4,4′-三氯-2′-羟基二苯醚以及其磺化产物SDP为抗菌有效组分,合成了含一氯均三嗪活性基的反应性抗菌整理剂;并作了波谱分析(UV,IR,MS)和元素分析。这类抗菌整理剂可方便地用于纤维素纤维的抗菌整理,且整理后的织物具有优异的抗菌性能和耐洗坚牢度。例如:按AATCC-100法,经反应性抗菌整理剂2RSDP整理后的织物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌的减菌率分别达到98.5％,98.86％和96.67％;经60℃、100次以上皂洗其减菌率仍保持在90％左右。因而,具有实际应用、开发的价值。同时,本文也初步探讨了所合成的反应性抗菌整理剂的结构与抗菌性能关系。     

黄芪多糖粉针剂的研制及生理活性测定

黄芪(Astragalus mongholicus Bge)在1kg 高压条件下煎煮1.5h,提取得到黄芪多糖(简称 APS),其收率比在常压下煎煮相同时间高一倍。APS 粗品通过 Sephadex G-75精制所得收率为51.6%。对 APS 精品进行黄酮、氨基酸、蛋白质、鞣质、草酸和生物碱等项检查,结果均为阴性。测定精品的总糖含量比粗品高9.43%。APS 经真空低温干燥后制成粉针剂,呈白色粉末,易溶于水。用其行腹腔注射小白鼠,5～7d 后,脾重明显增加。     

关于理想溶液的热力学分析

本文讨论了理想溶液的热力学行为,指出了理想溶液与Roault定律的区别以及二者的相互关系。     

Antiviral activity of coralloid root ofCycas revoluta extract against some viruses of tomato plant

Summary Crude coralloid root extract ofCycas revoluta showed significant antiviral activity against viruses of the tomato plant (PVX, PVY, TMV, TAV and TRSV) when applied 24 h before virus inoculation, or when mixed with different virus inocula before virus inocultion, in hypersensitive and systemic hosts. No such inhibition was observed when extract was applied 24 h after virus inoculation. TAV did not show any inhibitory response in a systemic host.Authors are thankful to Dr S. N. Gupta and Dr (Smt.) K. Shukla for their valuable guidance and providing laboratory facilities and U.G.C. for financial assistance.     

Antibacterial activity in the egg mass of a sea hare

Summary The eggs of a sea hare,Aplysia kurodai, contained antibacterial factors which probably play a role in the defense of eggs against bacterial infection. The active factors were composed of several heat-labile proteins, unrelated to lysozyme, and were produced in the albumen gland.     

Caffeine as a psychomotor stimulant: mechanism of action

The popularity of caffeine as a psychoactive drug is due to its stimulant properties, which depend on its ability to reduce adenosine transmission in the brain. Adenosine A₁ and A_2A receptors are expressed in the basal ganglia, a group of structures involved in various aspects of motor control. Caffeine acts as an antagonist to both types of receptors. Increasing evidence indicates that the psychomotor stimulant effect of caffeine is generated by affecting a particular group of projection neurons located in the striatum, the main receiving area of the basal ganglia. These cells express high levels of adenosine A_2A receptors, which are involved in various intracellular processes, including the expression of immediate early genes and regulation of the dopamine- and cyclic AMP-regulated 32-kDa phosphoprotein DARPP-32. The present review focuses on the effects of caffeine on striatal signal transduction and on their involvement in caffeine-mediated motor stimulation.Received 8 July 2003; received after revision 7 September 2003; accepted 6 October 2003