公益工商研究所始末

本文系统地介绍了由中国最大的民族资本集团——荣家企业经营的公益工商研究所的创办过程及其所进行的研究课题和所取得的成果。文中指出该所是为荣家企业的生存和发展服务的,是集工业、科技、经济于一体的研究机构。     

Shifted Legendre多项式用于泛函∫_0~a∫_0~b［0．5（u_x~2）＋u_y~2）＋uf］dxdy的解法

本文介绍ＳｈｉｆｔｅｄＬｅｇｅｎｄｒｅ多项式及其微分运算矩阵．并用它作为试函数，利用运算矩阵，使变分问题简化为求解代数方程组．该方法比较简单，所得的结果较为满意．     

利用软汉字库在X－Y寻址DC－PDP上显示汉字

大型的汉字显示日益普及，而显示内容，如新闻提要等却千变万化，以往的单片机、单板机等用造字的方法来进行显示已不能满足需要。本文提出一种无需中文操作系统管理，只在西文状态下直接用微机中软汉字库，将任何已编辑好的中文文本在Ｘ－Ｙ寻址ＤＣ－ＰＤＰ上进行显示的方法。     

Molecular pathogenesis of apolipoprotein E-mediated amyloidosis in late-onset Alzheimer’s disease

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) ɛ4 allele is a genetic risk factor for late-onset familial and sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In the central nervous system, apoE is secreted mainly by astrocytes as a constituent of high-density lipoproteins. A recent study using apoE knockout mice provided strong evidence that apoE promotes cerebral deposition of amyloid β protein (Aβ). However, no clear explanation of the pathogenesis of apoE-induced AD has been provided. Here we discuss two possible mechanisms by which apoE might enhance Aβ deposition. One is the intracellular pathway in which apoE is internalized by neurons and induces lysosomal accumulation of Aβ and amyloidogenic APP (amyloid precursor protein) fragments, leading to neuronal death. The other is the extracellular pathway in which apoE-containing lipoproteins are trapped by Aβ1–42 deposits mobilizing soluble Aβ peptides and consequently enlarge amyloid plaques. These two mechanisms may operate at different stages of AD pathogenesis and suggest a chaperone-like function for the apoE molecule. Received 4 February 1999; received after revision 9 April 1999; accepted 23 April 1999     

七绝、文人竹枝词与客家山歌

七绝,本为来自民间的七言诗,经永明体而为近体诗之一种诗体;竹枝词,本为巴渝民歌,自刘禹锡以降．历代文人多有仿作,所仿作者为文人竹枝词;而客家山歌,则是自明清客家民系形成以来,至今犹传承于客地的鲜活民歌。从这三种诗歌中,可发现雅俗文学之间的交融、碰撞而嬗变的文学雅俗互动的有趣轨迹。     

额田王咏秋风歌之语象溯源

古代中日两国吟咏爱情的诗歌中，“秋风”一词时有所见。从日本最早的古典和歌大成《万叶集》中所记载的、由女歌人额田王所咪的“思近江天皇咏秋风歌”可知，它与中国六朝闺怨诗既有联系又有区别，“秋风”语象在当时的中日诗歌中具有不同的意蕴。     

Klein-Weyl's program and the ontology of gauge and quantum systems

We distinguish two orientations in Weyl's analysis of the fundamental role played by the notion of symmetry in physics, namely an orientation inspired by Klein's Erlangen program and a phenomenological-transcendental orientation. By privileging the former to the detriment of the latter, we sketch a group(oid)-theoretical program—that we call the Klein-Weyl program—for the interpretation of both gauge theories and quantum mechanics in a single conceptual framework. This program is based on Weyl's notion of a “structure-endowed entity” equipped with a “group of automorphisms”. First, we analyze what Weyl calls the “problem of relativity” in the frameworks provided by special relativity, general relativity, and Yang-Mills theories. We argue that both general relativity and Yang-Mills theories can be understood in terms of a localization of Klein's Erlangen program: while the latter describes the group-theoretical automorphisms of a single structure (such as homogenous geometries), local gauge symmetries and the corresponding gauge fields (Ehresmann connections) can be naturally understood in terms of the groupoid-theoretical isomorphisms in a family of identical structures. Second, we argue that quantum mechanics can be understood in terms of a linearization of Klein's Erlangen program. This stance leads us to an interpretation of the fact that quantum numbers are “indices characterizing representations of groups” ((Weyl, 1931a), p.xxi) in terms of a correspondence between the ontological categories of identity and determinateness.     

基于QFD的网站用户需求分析

以最终用户满意为驱动力,基于质量功能展开原理,提出一种将网站用户需求转化为对网站各个环节的要求的多层次演绎分析方法,即网站用户需求展开,为将用户满意理念贯穿于网站的设计与管理之中提供了理论框架与操作方法。     

贵州大学生依恋的眼动研究

[目的]以眼动实验的多个指标来探索大学生依恋的现状。[方法]将父母同伴依恋中文量表中表示信任、沟通和疏离的句子在Eyelink-Ⅱ型眼动仪中逐句呈现。[结果]1大学生对父亲、母亲和同伴的依恋在日常生活中均存在,三种依恋都起着重要的作用。2大学生对父母依恋程度深于对同伴依恋的程度。在与父亲沟通的程度上,大学男生低于大学女生。3总体上,在依恋的程度方面,大学男生低于大学女生。     

4-Hydroxynonenal-modified amyloid-beta peptide inhibits the proteasome: possible importance in Alzheimer's disease

The amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) is a 4-kDa species derived from the amyloid precursor protein, which accumulates in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Although we lack full understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of selective neuron death, considerable data do imply roles for both the toxic Aβ and increased oxidative stress. Another significant observation is the accumulation of abnormal, ubiquitin-conjugated proteins in affected neurons, suggesting dysfunction of the proteasome proteolytic system in these cells. Recent reports have indicated that Aβ can bind and inhibit the proteasome, the major cytoslic protease for degrading damaged and ubiquitin-conjugated proteins. Earlier results from our laboratory showed that moderately oxidized proteins are preferentially recognized and degraded by the proteasome; however, severely oxidized proteins cannot be easily degraded and, instead, inhibit the proteasome. We hypothesized that oxidatively modified Aβ might have a stronger (or weaker) inhibitory effect on the proteasome than does native Aβ. We therefore also investigated the proteasome inhibitory action of Aβ _1–40 (a peptide comprising the first 40 residues of Aβ) modified by the intracellular oxidant hydrogen peroxide, and by the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). H₂O₂ modification of Aβ _1–40 generates a progressively poorer inhibitor of the purified human 20S proteasome. In contrast, HNE modification of Aβ _1–40 generates a progressively more selective and efficient inhibitor of the degradation of fluorogenic peptides and oxidized protein substrates by human 20S proteasome. This interaction may contribute to certain pathological manifestations of Alzheimer’s disease Received 26 September 2000; accepted 26 September 2000