Relationship between plant species diversity and patch characteristics in a marsh in the Sangjiang Plain, China —Using Yaluhe farm as an example

Based on Quick Bird satellite image data, the present study examined small-scale herbaceous community patches in the marsh of the Sanjiang Plain and measured patch characteristics such as the area, perimeter and shape by GPS. The coenological characteristics of the patches were investigated using quadrat method, and the vascular plant species were recorded using transect method. A total of 219 plant species were recorded, which represents 12.2% of the vascular flora in Heilongjiang Province. Our results showed that species number S correlated with patch area and perimeter; richness index (R) correlated with patch perimeter; Simpson index (D) correlated with patch area and perimeter/area; Shannon-Wiener index (H′) correlated with patch area, perimeter and perimeter/area; Evenness index (Jsw) correlated with perimeter/area. Both S and R have significant difference between different size of patches. Plant diversity in the small-scale herbaceous communities tended to increase with the patch area and perimeter. We concluded that edge effects and the habitat heterogeneity of the patches are important in determining the number of species. The relative smoothness of the patch edges also affects the plant diversity of the patches. The richness of plant species in the marsh in the Sanjiang Plain is highly sensitive to the small-scale patches, which continues to play an important role in preserving plant diversity in the local area.     

一种线性提升小波的方向断面边缘检测法

提出了一种基于线性提升小波的方向断面边缘检测法．构建了一组提升小波预测函数，并推导了一个线性更新函数．通过对原始影像进行“分裂”、“预测”与“更新”运算，实现影像的小波分解，并利用分解后的小波系数构成影像的小波梯度图和方向图．在小波方向图和梯度图的引导下，根据方向断面检测原理实现影像的边缘提取，也利用方向图实现了边缘的跟踪与准确定位．结果表明，由于方向图对于线性特征更加敏感，所提出的方法对于线性目标的检测更加有效．     

基于阈值分割的数学形态学道路标识线检测

针对边缘检测算子对噪声敏感的缺点，提出了一种新的基于阈值分割的形态学道路标识线的检测方法．仿真结果表明，这种方法保留了更多的图像细节，具有更强的去除噪声能力，可以有效地从道路图像中检测道路标识线。     

最大度为9和10时边染色临界图的下界

关于Vizing边染色临界图边数下界的猜想,到目前为止,△≤5的情况已经得到证明,在传统Fiorini不等式方法证明边染色临界图下界的基础上,借鉴了文献[1]的思想,得到了新的关于最大度是9和10的边染色临界图的下界:△=9时,m≥33/10 n;△=10时,m≥43/12 n.     

基于平稳小波变换的邻域依赖自适应软阈值图像降噪

传统正交小波变换降噪方法会引起图像边缘失真,针对其不足,研究了平稳小波变换图像降噪。平稳小波变换去除了下抽样处理,包含在小波系数中的信息是冗余的,同时结合贝叶斯估计的自适应软阈值,提出了一种新的图像降噪算法。通过仿真实验将该方法与Winner2,VisuShrink,BayesShrink方法进行比较,试验结果表明,该方法不仅有效地去除了噪声,而且提高了图像的峰值信噪比。     

Relationship between plant species diversity and patch characteristics in a marsh in the Sangjiang Plain,China—Using Yaluhe farm as an example

Based on Quick Bird satellite image data, the present study examined small-scale herbaceous community patches in the marsh of the Sanjiang Plain and measured patch characteristics such as the area, perimeter and shape by GPS. The coenological characteristics of the patches were investigated using quadrat method, and the vascular plant species were recorded using transect method. A total of 219 plant species were recorded, which represents 12.2% of the vascular flora in Heilongjiang Province. Our results showed that species number S correlated with patch area and perimeter; richness index (R) correlated with patch perimeter; Simpson index (D) correlated with patch area and perimeter/area; Shannon-Wiener index (H′) correlated with patch area, perimeter and perimeter/area; Evenness index (Jsw) correlated with perimeter/area. Both S and R have significant difference between different size of patches. Plant diversity in the small-scale herbaceous communities tended to increase with the patch area and perimeter. We concluded that edge effects and the habitat heterogeneity of the patches are important in determining the number of species. The relative smoothness of the patch edges also affects the plant diversity of the patches. The richness of plant species in the marsh in the Sanjiang Plain is highly sensitive to the small-scale patches, which continues to play an important role in preserving plant diversity in the local area.     

欧拉与自然数平方倒数和

自然数平方倒数和是17世纪下半叶的著名数学难题之一。它困惑着欧洲当时一流的数学家、欧拉凭借类比思维方法，出人意料地解决了这个难题，该文对欧拉的几种鲜为人知的方法－－幂级数法和“吉拉尔－－牛顿公式”在作了考察和分析。     

关于图的超常边连通度和等周边连通度的等值性

图的超常边连通度和等周边连通度是图的通常边连通度概念的推广，首先举例说明在一般情形下两者可以不等，然后再论证明当正则边可迁图的阶不小于3k时，它的k阶超常边连通度与k阶等周边连通度相等。     

液压伺服式带钢边缘控制系统分析

介绍液压伺服式边缘控制系统的组成、原理及电液伺服阀的选择依据，同时还介绍了系统控制方案的选择，并给出了系统静态和动态参数的计算方法。     

一种改进的快速模糊边缘检测算法

在介绍Ral模糊边缘检测算法的基础上，提出了一种改进的模糊边缘检测算法，并提出了改进的模糊增强Tr变换。采用该快速算法，简化了Ral算法中复杂的G和G^-1运算，并减少了迭代次数。实验证明，采用该改进算法，不但提高了边缘检测的效率，而且检测效果优于Pal算法，并具有较好检测模糊边缘和抑制噪声干扰的能力。