Assembly and genetics of spore protective structures

The sporulation program in Bacillus subtilis ends in the formation of a highly resistant endospore that can withstand extremes of heat, mechanical disruption, ultraviolet irradiation, lytic enzymes and chemical attack. These properties are attributed mainly to the unique structure of spore coat and cortex, as well as to the physical state of the spore cytoplasm. The outermost layer of the spore, called the coat, has two morphologically distinct sublayers: an electron-dense outer coat and an electron-translucent inner coat. The coat is composed of more than 2 dozen proteins of varying size. Many coat genes and coat proteins have been isolated and characterized in detail, and studies of these have identified proteins with important roles in coat assembly, resistance and spore germination. We describe here characteristics of the coat proteins and propose a model for coat assembly based on recent work.     

基于Petri网的虚拟装配环境交互管理模型研究

对设计者交互操作的准确理解和快速响应,是提高虚拟装配的可操作性和实用性的关键问题.定义了一种层次时间有色Petri网(HTCPN),并以此为工具建立了虚拟装配环境下的交互管理模型.该模型以设计者操纵数据手套的位姿变换信息、对象间的碰撞检测信息以及装配约束识别信息作为输入,运行后输出具体的操作事件实现设计者在虚拟装配环境中的浏览、移动零部件、装配和拆卸调整等一系列交互操作活动.实践证明该模型满足了虚拟环境的实时和并发等动态性能要求,实现了虚拟装配过程中大量离散事件的处理及操作意图的响应.     

可跨工位操作的随机混流装配线平衡问题研究

装配线平衡问题是在满足一定约束的条件下,将一系列任务单元分配到各个工位上,使其工作强度与利用率相适应.研究了带有跨工位操作,且任务单元完成时间为随机量的一类特殊装配线平衡问题,目标是缩短整个生产过程中的总任务超载时间;参考机会约束规划的思想,建立了α任务超载时间最小化模型;结合随机模拟和遗传算法设计了混合遗传算法以求解,并通过实例仿真验证了算法的有效性.     

Ten years＇ venturing in ZnO nanostructures： from discovery to scientific understanding and to technolosy applications

Zinc oxide is a unique material that exhibits semiconducting, piezoelectric and pyroelectric multiple properties. Nanostructures of ZnO are equally important as carbon nanotubes and silicon nanowires （NWs） for nanotechnology, and have great potential applications in nano-electronics, optoelectronics, sensors, field emission, light emitting diodes, photocatalysis, nanogenerators, and nanopiezotronics. Ever since the discovery of nanobelts （NBs） in 2001 by my group, a world wide research in ZnO has been kicked off. This review introduces my group＇s experience in venturing the discovery, understanding and applications of ZnO NWs and NBs. The aim is to introduce the progress made in my research in the last 10 years in accompany to the huge social advances and economic development taking place in China in the last 10 years.     

基于蒙特卡洛法的硅纳米线热导率研究

声子在纳米尺度下的输运需要考虑量子效应与边界效应,通过解析方法获得其传输特性比较困难,采用蒙特卡洛方法(Monte Carlo,MC)构建了声子在体态硅与硅纳米线结构中的输运模型,简化了边界散射的选择机制与处理方法.在15～1 000 K的温度范围内,对体态硅的热导率进行了模拟,验证了MC模型对本征散射处理方法的正确性,进而模拟了等效直径为22,37与56 nm的硅纳米线在15～315 K温度范围内的热导率,37和56 nm硅纳米线热导率与实验值符合较好,22 nm硅纳米线热导率比实验值偏大.分析认为随着等效半径的减小,声子色散曲线发生改变,迟豫时间减小,声子发生边界散射的频率增加,导致热阻增大.基于以上分析,通过对边界散射迟豫时间的修正,获得了与实验值较为一致的模拟结果.     

“汇编语言程序设计”课程教学改革研究与探讨

为提高汇编语言课程教学效果,适应计算机技术的发展和提高学生实践动手能力,文章从教学内容、教学方法和实验教学几个方面进行了探讨,并提出了类比教学法和使用VisualC＋＋采用内联汇编来进行汇编指令实验教学的方法。     

Modular Fixture Assembly Model for Virtual Assembly Design

To support modular fixture assembly design in virtual environment, a multi-view based modular fixture virtual assembly model is proposed. Instead of squeezing all assembly related information into a single model, three complementary views of assembly model, element information, function and structure, and assembly relationship are proposed to be used. The first view contains the detailed element information, while the other two explicitly capture the hierarchical function relationships and mating relationships respectively. These views are complementary in the sense that each view only contains a specific aspect of assembly related information while together they include required assembly related information. The proposed assembly model is specialized to accommodate the features of modular fixture virtual assembly design and applied in our developed prototype system.     

纯电动公交客车双模工作方式发电机组的设计

文章简要介绍了现有纯电动公交客车系统的结构,由于现有的充电方式不能满足城市公共交通的里程需求,因此提出了增加续驶里程新的解决方案,并对2种方案的可行性与经济性进行综合比较,最后得出最适合于车辆的解决方案,确定了发电机组的功率;并对低地板公交车的发电机进行计算确定.     

机器人柔性装配单元的设计

机器人柔性装配单元是实现多品种、中小批量产品装配自动化的有效技术途径．该文在对机器人柔性装配单元中机器人、夹持器装置选择的约束条件进行型式化描述的基础上,以制造成本最小为目标,建立了满足装配任务精度要求的机器人柔性装配单元优化布局的数学模型．最后,通过具体生产案例对提出的方法和模型的正确性、可行性进行了验证．     

基于改进离散微粒群优化算法的混流装配线多目标排序

产品投产排序是混流装配线有效运作的关键,它是标准微粒群算法无法直接应用的离散空间问题.提出改进离散微粒群优化算法来解决混流装配线多目标排序问题.提出了适应离散编码的粒子位置编码方式,有效避免了不可行解的产生,提高算法效率.引入了动态参数及自适应逃逸机制增强了粒子的多样性和搜索性能.分析了装配线参数变化对目标函数和相应投产序列的影响,并确定出了能够获得最优解的合理参数范围.提出评价指标对改进离散微粒群优化算法与基本离散微粒群优化算法进行了对比,对实际混流装配线的仿真实验表明提出的改进微粒群优化算法可以直接应用于离散排序问题,是一种高效的混流装配线排序算法.改进微粒群优化算法与遗传算法的仿真实验对比显示了提出方法在混流装配线排序问题中的优越性.