A hybrid hydrogel/textile composite as flame-resistant dress

Currently, the functional and cost-effective flame-resistant textiles(FRTs) are on high demand. However, such FRTs based on general polymer fabrics are always expensive, readily decompose, and their temperatures quickly rise once exposed to thermal environments. Inspired by the large specific heat of water and high decomposition temperature of inorganic substances like SiO_2, this study establishes a simple casting strategy for preparing flameresistant gel/textiles(FR-GTs). The findings showed that active diffusion of aqueous AAM/SiO_2 pre-gel solution into the textile structure enabled the formation of a tough interfacial adhesion between the hydrogel and textiles.The interfacial toughness reached ～272 J/m~2 because the PAAM/SiO_2 nanocomposite hydrogel was filled into textile to form the semi-interpenetrating structure at the interface. The presence of chemical crosslinker(PEGDA)and physical crosslinker(SiO_2) limited the volume expansion of the hydrogel upon swelling. In addition, the PAAM/SiO_2 nanocomposite hydrogel layer prevented burning in high temperature environments(over 100℃),due to the heat dissipation of water during evaporation. This simple strategy provides a guidance towards the fabrication of hybrid hydrogel/textile composites for the applications like household fire resistant materials such as flame-resistant gloves.     

纳米CaCO3改性丙烯酸涂料的研制

为了制备纳米CaCO3复合涂料，采用正交试验法研究了经不同改性剂改性制得的纳米CaCO3粉体在丙烯酸树脂中的分散工艺，制备了纳米CaCO3复合丙烯酸树脂浆液．探讨了不同纳米CaCO3和不同分散剂及其用量和丙烯酸树脂用量等因素对纳米CaCO3在丙烯酸树脂中分散性的影响，并优化出了最佳分散工艺条件：适合于在丙烯酸树脂中分散的纳米CaCO3是WO-12，丙烯酸树脂、纳米CaCO3和分散剂BYK-110质量配比为16：16．7：1．考察了纳米CaCO3复合丙烯酸浆液的贮存稳定性，并用TEM对其分散状态进行了表征．结果表明，优化条件下制得的浆液稳定性好，且纳米CaCO3在其中为纳米级分散．用该浆液制成的纳米复合涂料，与传统涂料相比其耐光性、耐水性、自洁性和贮存稳定性等显著改善．最后，用SEM对涂料进行了表征．图2，表5，参8     

Synthesis of SnO2TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalysts by supercritical fluid combination technology

Acrylic acid, acrylic ester and their ramification have developed quickly in recent years. However, their pro duction process produces a mass of waste water, which when released into the aquatic ecosystem, becomes a source of dramatic disturbance of aquat…     

Synthesis of CaCO3 crystals using hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose hydrogel as template

Calcium carbonate crystallization was performed in hydrogel of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC). Results showed that the polyhydroxy functionalities in HPMC gel network facilitated the nucleation of aragonite which was not found in experiment without HPMC hydrogel and in experiment using methylcellulose (MC) hydrogel as template. On the other hand, due to the unique assembly of the macromolecules in HPMC hydrogel network, which was different from other hydrogels used in some previous reports, particular crystal morphology, corncob-like CaCO_3, was obtained for the first time.     

环境敏感性水凝胶的制备和应用

该文综述了温敏水凝胶、pH敏水凝胶、温度和pH双重敏感性水凝胶近年来的研究情况，比较了化学法和辐射法制备的不同。该类水凝胶具有传感、处理和执行外界刺激的功能，作为智能材料具有良好的应用前景。     

虫草素和虫草素/双层氢氧化物纳米复合物对HeLa细胞生长抑制

为解决虫草素在体内被腺苷脱氢酶(ADA)快速降解的问题,制备虫草素/LDH复合物,研究其在体内外对虫草素的缓释以及对HeLa细胞的生长抑制作用.结果表明:当虫草素/LDH复合物中虫草素质量浓度为30,60,90μg·mL-1时,复合物对HeLa细胞的生长抑制率分别为52.4%、61.3%、79.6%,与虫草素对照组比较,P<0.01.显微镜观察发现,当虫草素质量浓度60μg·mL-1时,虫草素/LDH复合物使大部分HeLa细胞死亡;虫草素的对照组HeLa细胞死亡较少,但细胞内部明显出现空泡.虫草素/LDH复合物体外释放表明,虫草素插入LDH双层结构之后,使虫草素释放速度明显被降低.对SD大鼠腹腔给药后,虫草素/LDH复合物血药最高质量浓度为82.1μg·mL-1,在药后1.5h出现,虫草素对照组的血药最高质量浓度为75.3μg·mL-1,在给药后1h出现.     

基于改进的模糊c均值聚类水凝胶图像分割

基于实验图像中目标与背景区域具有明显的色差和形状差异且其直方图有明显双峰的特性,提出一种改进的模糊c均值聚类和数学形态学相结合的算法,将目标图像有效地分割出来.首先依据像素邻域间的约束属性以及二维直方图对角线元素含有稳定图像信息的特点,在模糊c均值聚类算法基础上对聚类目标函数进行改进,并将二维直方图对角函数引入隶属度函数中,最终将目标区域有效地分割出来.实验结果表明:该方法具有识别精度高、计算量小、去噪能力强的特点.     

银/聚吡咯/二氧化钛复合纳米粒的制备与结构表征

以钛酸四丁酯、硝酸银和吡咯为原料采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了银/聚吡咯/二氧化钛(Ag/PPy/TiO2)复合纳米粒,考察了PPy单体用量、原料配比等因素对制备复合纳米粒的影响。运用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、红外光谱仪(FTIR)等测试方法对复合纳米粒进行了表征。结果表明,Ag/PPy/TiO2复合纳米粒具有棒状的核壳结构,聚吡咯包覆在Ag和TiO2纳米粒子的表面。     

Cu-TiO2纳米复合镀层的腐蚀和光催化性能

采用纳米复合镀技术在铝表面制备了Cu-TiO2纳米复合镀层,利用扫描电镜、电化学测试系统、分光光度计对其形貌、腐蚀和光催化性能进行了研究.结果表明,TiO2纳米颗粒在铜基复合膜层中的分散均匀;TiO2颗粒的加入可使Cu-TiO2纳米复合镀层腐蚀电位明显增加,膜层的耐蚀性提高;在紫外光照射下,复合镀层对甲基橙溶液有明显的光催化降解作用,且这种作用随时间延长而有所增大.     

一种新型纳米复合清洁压裂液的研究与应用

研发了一种新型表面活性剂,与助表面活性剂组成复合表面活性剂体系(VES-M)。优选了疏水缔合高分子聚合物(HMPAM)和纳米材料颗粒ZnO,形成纳米复合清洁压裂液体系,具有表面活性剂用量低、添加剂种类少的特点。室内试验表明,与常规黏弹性表面活性剂清洁压裂液相比,该体系具有更好的耐温性能及耐剪切性能,较好的降滤失性、黏弹性及携砂性;且破胶彻底、速度快,破胶后无残渣,岩心伤害率仅为9.3%。2014年在苏里格气田东二区进行现场应用,试气无阻流量均值约为其相同地质条件邻井的2.0倍,为致密气藏低伤害高效改造提供了一条有效途径。