单侧帕金森病大鼠模型多巴胺系统损害和感觉运动功能改变

为建立完全毁损型偏侧帕金森病大鼠模型,通过影像学和组织学方法观察完全毁损型偏侧帕金森病大鼠模型的多巴胺系统的改变。在中脑内侧束（MFB）两点注射6-羟基多巴（6-OHDA）建立完全毁损型偏侧帕金森病大鼠模型,观察模型大鼠在自然状态下和阿朴吗啡诱导中出现的行为学改变,并通过小动物PET和免疫组织化学的方法观察大鼠脑组织内多巴胺能神经变化。结果帕金森病大鼠模型在行为学上表现了在自发状态下的患肢运动感觉能力降低;在阿朴吗啡作用下患侧肢体的运动感觉能力有所提高,但是协调性较差;组织学和影像学上表现为损毁侧纹状体、黑质、及中脑内侧传导束内多巴胺转运蛋白缺失。说明完全毁损型偏侧帕金森病大鼠模型表现为单侧肢体的运动感觉功能障碍,通过神经学显像技术和组织学方法能探测到损毁侧纹状体内多巴胺能神经末梢的缺失。     

拟南芥AtSuc3和AtSuc4基因的克隆及双价植物表达载体的构建

蔗糖转运蛋白在调节同化产物的分配过程中起重要作用。为了分析拟南芥蔗糖转运蛋白基因AtSuc3、At-Suc4的功能和协同作用,以哥伦比亚型拟南芥为材料,通过RT-PCR技术克隆了蔗糖转运蛋白基因(sucrose/H+cotransporters,SUCs)AtSuc3和AtSuc4的cDNA,利用甘薯贮藏蛋白基因(sporamin)的根部特异性启动子,构建了含有含有AtSuc3和AtSuc4 cDNA的单价植物表达载体pBI2301-q3-s3、pBI2301-q4-s4和双价植物表达载体pBI2301-q3-s3-q4-s4,为进一步分析该植物表达载体在调控库源关系中的作用以及在经济作物中的应用奠定基础。     

菠菜AMT基因家族鉴定与表达分析

铵态氮转运蛋白（AMT）负责铵态氮的吸收与转运,对植物的生长和发育起重要的调节作用.对菠菜SoAMT基因家族进行了基因组鉴定、生物信息学分析、组织表达谱及氮素响应表达谱分析,结果表明：菠菜基因组中共存在6个AMT的基因,包括5个AMT1成员和1个AMT2成员,主要分布在1,4,5,6条染色体上,编码区长度为1 443~15 06 bp;6个SoAMT蛋白均包含AMT基因家族特有的保守结构域及保守基序,含有9~11个跨膜结构域;SoAMT启动子含有较多茉莉酸、厌氧胁迫响应元件.SoAMT基因在根、叶、柄中均有表达,大部分SoAMT1亚家族成员受缺氮、硝态氮或铵态氮诱导表达,而SoAMT2基因表达量受铵态氮抑制.两类亚家族成员不同的氮响应模式,可能与其在氮素响应中的不同作用有关.     

甘丙肽拮抗剂M35对糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响

探讨甘丙肽拮抗剂（Galantide）M35对运动糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响。糖尿病大鼠随机分为4组：糖尿病安静组、糖尿病运动组、糖尿病安静M35组、糖尿病运动M35组。用药组腹腔注射甘丙肽拮抗剂M35,对照组腹腔注射同剂量的生理盐水。用正糖钳方法、血浆胰岛素浓度和骨骼肌葡萄糖转运蛋白4（GLUT4）含量来了解胰岛素抵抗水平。糖尿病M35组实验前血浆胰岛素浓度和实验后相比,呈非常显著性降低;糖尿病安静M35组骨骼肌葡萄糖输注速率、GLUT4蛋白含量比糖尿病运动M35组均降低。甘丙肽拮抗剂降低了糖尿病运动大鼠的胰岛素敏感性,其机理可能是抑制GLUT4的活性或降低GLUT4的转位实现的。     

Nitrate and nitrite transport in bacteria

The topological arrangements of nitrate and nitrite reductases in bacteria necessitate the synthesis of transporter proteins that carry the nitrogen oxyanions across the cytoplasmic membrane. For assimilation of nitrate (and nitrite) there are two types of uptake system known: ABC transporters that are driven by ATP hydrolysis, and secondary transporters reliant on a proton motive force. Proteins homologous to the latter type of transporter are also involved in nitrate and nitrite transport in dissimilatory processes such as denitrification. These proteins belong to the NarK family, which is a branch of the Major Facilitator Superfamily. The mechanism and substrate specificity of transport via these proteins is unknown, but is discussed in the light of sequence analysis of members of the NarK family. A hypothesis for nitrate and nitrite transport is proposed based on the finding that there are two distinct types of NarK.     

Eukaryotic nitrate and nitrite transporters

Nitrate transport is the key step controlling the amount of nitrate incorporated by the cells and subsequent of storage, reduction or export. Molecular, genetic and biochemical approaches to the study of eukaryotic nitrate/nitrite transporters allow an initial understanding of this step, which is much more complex and structured than previously suspected. At the plasma membrane level, two gene families, Nrt1 and Nrt2, account for high- and low-affinity nitrate transporters. Functionality of NRT1 from Arabidopsis and NRT2 proteins from Aspergillus and Chlamydomonas has been demonstrated. However, redundancy of these systems makes it difficult to assign particular physiological roles to each. Data on genes involved in the regulation of nitrate transport and reduction are still scarce. Information on nitrite transporters to the chloroplast is biased by the belief that in vivo nitrous acid diffuses freely to this organellum. The recent progress on these aspects is discussed in this review.     

Identification of Ser354 and Ser357 involved in the function of norepinephrine transporter

Conserved Ser 354, Ser 357 in the seventh transmembrane domain of NET were mutated and the function of mutants was studied by 3H-NE influx measurement. Double mutation at these two serine sites reduced the activity of NET to base level. It is inferred that these two sites may be involved in the recognition and transport activity of the NET protein.     

植物钾离子转运相关蛋白及基因研究进展

本文概述了植物体内与K^ 转运相关的蛋白及其基因，包括通道蛋白(channel protein)和转运体(transporter)及其基因,前者可分为：(1)内向整流K^ 通道(inward-rectifying K^ channel:Kin^ )，(2)外向整流K^ 通道(outward-rectifyjng K^ channel ：Kout^ )；相关基因有AKTI，ANTI，SORK，GORK等．后者分为低亲和K^ 吸收转运体及高亲和K^ 吸收转运体；相关基因有HAK，KUP等．     

水稻(Oryza sativa L.)磷酸盐转运蛋白编码基因的表达研究

研究揭示了水稻磷酸盐转运蛋白编码基因的表达．低磷处理下，根系与叶片中的PTW-J，转录子迅速表达，处理7d时达到最高表达量．PTW-J mRNA的诱导积累具有元素的专一性，因为在缺氮、缺钾与缺铁情况下此基因不表达．缺磷处理后恢复供磷，PTW-J转录子积累量明显降低．这些结果说明，PTW-J基因表达是对磷素缺乏的早期反应机制．     

建立一个基于报告基因的靶标筛药系统筛选上调ABCA1基因转录的中药提取物

ATP结合盒转运蛋白A1(ABCA1)具有催化外周细胞过量胆固醇和磷脂外向流出的功能。本实验将ABCA1启动子序列克隆到含有荧光素酶报告基因和新霉素抗性基因的pGL3B-neo载体中,并将得到的重组质粒pGL3B-neo/ABCA1转染入人肝癌细胞(hepG2)。通过稀释培养法最终得到含有重组质粒的稳定细胞系SABCA1。利用这个报告基因为基础的药物筛选系统,筛选了100多种中药提取物。通过荧光素酶活性测试,相对活性达到180%以上的有4种中药提取物,并最终挑选能明显激活ABCA1基因启动子的鬼箭羽水提组分进一步研究,得出半数有效浓度(EC50)为48.06 mg/L。此外,利用基于apoA1基因的药物筛选系统验证得出鬼箭羽水提组分也能促进apoA1基因的表达。