上下翼缘同时受荷的工字形钢梁整体稳定性分析

现行钢结构规范中没有工字形钢梁在上翼缘均布荷载、下翼缘跨中集中荷载作用下整体稳定的计算方法.采用能量法推导出这两类荷载作用下双轴对称工字形钢梁的临界承载能力计算公式,总结了荷载比例系数对临界弯矩的影响规律.并采用有限元方法对该理论公式进行验证,在荷载比例小于3时,计算结果与理论公式吻合较好.在此基础上,通过计算分析提出了这类荷载作用下工字形钢梁的等效临界弯矩系数的计算公式,该公式具有较好的计算精度.     

含有两种铁氧的波导结的矩量法解

本文从各向异性媒质的互易定理出发,导出了含有两种任意形状铁氧体材料H—的波导结的矩阵方程。用本文提出的方法对几种Y型环行器进行计算的结果与实验结果很一致。对含有两种铁氧体的波导结进行了研究,从中得出一些有益的结论。     

分布式驱动电动方程式赛车扭矩分配策略

本文旨在提高分布式驱动电动方程式赛车在高速转弯时的操纵稳定性,提出一种基于模糊神经网络算法的驱动扭矩分配策略。首先,基于车辆二自由度模型设计质心侧偏角观测器获取实际质心侧偏角;其次,以横摆角速度和质心侧偏角作为控制变量,基于模糊神经网络算法设计扭矩分配控制器来控制车辆行驶状态。运用Matlab/Simulink和Carsim仿真软件建立车身稳定性控制系统的联合仿真模型,并对蛇行绕桩与双移线工况进行仿真分析和实车测试。试验结果验证了所提扭矩控制策略的可行性和有效性。     

迭代法在对称性中的应用

通过对迭代公式中转角分配系数的修正 ,使该公式同样适用于含一端固定一端定向支承杆件结构的杆端弯矩的求解     

内力图的快捷画法

总结材料力学中内力图的简单、易学、快速、准确的绘制方法,以提高学生的学习兴趣和学习效果.     

Mechanical and biochemical characterization of the contraction elicited by a calcium-independent myosin light chain kinase in chemically skinned smooth muscle

Summary The contraction induced by a Ca²⁺-independent myosin light chain kinase (MLCK-) was characterized in terms of isometric force (F_o), immediate elastic recoil (SE), unloaded shortening velocity (V_us), shortening under a constant load and ATPase activity of chemically skinned smooth muscle preparations. These parameters were compared to those measured in a Ca²⁺-induced contraction to assess the nature of cross bridge interaction in the MLCK-induced contraction. F_o developed in chicken gizzard fibers as well as SE were similar in contractions elicited by either agent. V_us in the contraction induced by MLCK-(0.36 mg/ml) was similar though averaged 39.3±8.9% less than V_us induced by Ca²⁺ (1.6x10^–6M) in the control fibers. Addition of Ca²⁺ (1.6x10^–6M) to a contraction induced by MLCK-resulted in small increases in both F_o and V_us. Shortening under a constant load was similar for both types of contractions. The contraction induced by MLCK-was accompanied by an increased rate of ATP hydrolysis. The MLCK-induced contraction is thus kinetically similar though not identical to a contraction induced by Ca²⁺. We conclude that with respect to actin-myosin interaction, MLCK- and Ca²⁺-induced contractions are similar.     

Velocity and myosin phosphorylation transients in arterial smooth muscle: effects of agonist diffusion

Summary Transients in myoplasmic [Ca²⁺] and in phosphorylation of the 20,000 dalton light chain of myosin have been reported following stimulation of vascular smooth muscle by various agonists. Since these transients are rapid compared with the time required to attain a steady-state stress, agonist diffusion rates may be a significant limitation in activation. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of agonist diffusion rates on the time course of activation as assessed by mechanical measurements of stress development and isotonic shortening velocities and by determinations of the time course of myosin phosphorylation. The approach was to measure these parameters in K⁺-stimulated preparations of the swine carotid media of varying thicknesses and to estimate the theoretical contributions imposed by diffusion rates and the presence of a diffusion boundary layer surrounding the tissue. The results show that the time course of parameters which are tissue averages such as stiffness, active stress, and myosin phosphorylation is dominated by agonist diffusion rates. The sequence of events involved in excitation-contraction coupling including agonist actions on the cell membrane, Ca²⁺ release, activation of myosin light chain kinase, and cross-bridge phosphorylation appear to be very rapid events compared with stress development. Estimates of unloaded or lightly loaded shortening velocities which are not simple tissue averages appear to provide an imporoved estimate of activation rates.Supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health 5-PO1-HL19242. K. E. Kamm was supported by a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Research Service Award HL-05957.     

运动对骨骼肌中胰岛素样生长因子I影响的研究进展

胰岛素样生长因子I(IGF-I)是一类促进细胞生长,具有胰岛素样代谢效应的因子,与运动能力密切相关。分析了近年来关于胰岛素样生长因子在运动、常氧运动、低氧运动不同应激下的变化情况的文献资料。对胰岛素样生长因子研究进展进行了阐述。对于IGF-I与低氧训练关系的研究,有助于提供低氧训练的评定指标,为低氧训练提供科学的理论指导。     

关于二维布朗运动在锥形区域的占有时

考虑标准二维布朗运动在正象限锥形区域的占有时,得到其一阶矩和二阶矩的表达式.并指出这种形式的占有时不可能服从广义反正弦律.     

Integrins and cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular diseases involve abnormal cell-cell interactions leading to the development of atherosclerotic plaque, which when ruptured causes massive platelet activation and thrombus formation. Parts of a loose thrombus may detach to form an embolus, blocking circulation at a more distant point. The integrins are a family of adhesive cell receptors interacting with adhesive proteins or with counterreceptors on other cells. There is now solid evidence that the major integrin on platelets, the fibrinogen receptor α _IIb  β ₃ , has an important role in several aspects of cardiovascular diseases and that its regulated inhibition leads to a reduction in incidence and mortality due to these disorders. The development of α _IIb  β ₃ inhibitors is an important strategy of many pharmaceutical companies which foresee a large market for the treatment of acute conditions in surgery, the symptoms of chronic conditions and, it is hoped, maybe even the successful prophylaxis of these conditions. Although all the associated problems have not been solved, the undoubted improvements in patient care resulting from the first of these treatments in the clinic have stimulated further research on the role of integrins on other vascular cells in these processes and in the search for new inhibitors. Both the development of specific inhibitors and of mice with specific integrin subunit genes ablated have contributed to a better understanding of the function of integrins in development of the cardiovascular system.