Some Open Problems in Parameterized Complexity Related to the Work of Jianer Chen

This short paper highlights some open problems related to the work of Jianer Chen in the area of parameterized/multivariate algorithmics.     

有色观测噪声下的多变量设置调整策略

针对存在初始设置偏差的离散的多变量生产制造过程，研究了观测噪声服从Auto-Rgressive （AR）模型的情况下，考虑调整花费成本为二次型函数时的设置调整问题，在建立过程状态空间方程的基础上，利用卡尔曼滤波方法在线估计过程的状态变量，根据随机二次型最优控制理论，得到了使过程质量损失最小的最优调整策略. 通过算例解释了最优调整策略的实现方法，并进行了仿真验证，结果表明，得到的调整策略与观测噪声为白噪声时的质量调整策略相比，能更好地减少过程总体质量损失.     

Dynamic Dominating Set and Turbo-Charging Greedy Heuristics

The main purpose of this paper is to exposit two very different, but very general, motivational schemes in the art of parameterization and a concrete example connecting them. We introduce a dynamic version of the DOMINATING SET problem and prove that it is fixed-parameter tractable（FPT）. The problem is motivated by settings where problem instances evolve. It also arises in the quest to improve a natural greedy heuristic for the DOMINATING SET problem.     

视频流媒体中源端基本层最佳速率确定算法

精细可扩展(fine grained scalable, FGS)编码是网络视频流行的编码技术之一. 采用FGS编码时, 基本层的速率选择需要在受益客户数量和视频编码效率之间进行折中. 为此, 本文提出了一个源端基本层最佳速率确定算法, 以最大化所有客户的观感体验. 论文首先提出了一个通过实验和曲线拟合建立 R-Q (Rate-Quality)函数曲线的方法, 在此基础上给出了缩小最佳基本层速率搜索空间的定理, 并针对单序列和多序列的不同特点和不问题复杂度, 提出了不同的算法. 针对单视频序化问题, 提出了改进的FGSOPT_N算法, 算法只用到了序列的R-Q函数曲线; 针对多视频序列问题是NP困难问题的实际, 提出了改进的定界MFGSOPT_N算法和改进的贪婪算法MFGS_N以确保找到最优基本层速率, 减少算法运行时间. 针对每种算法, 给出了实例进行算法效果的演示和对比. 结果显示提出的算法能可靠找到最优基本层速率.     

弹性波散射问题优化PML方法的收敛性

基于频域复坐标拉伸,给出一种解时谐弹性波散射问题的单轴优化完美匹配层(PML)方法.该方法通过在吸收函数中引入一个小参数ε_0,使散射问题优化PML方法的计算不再依赖PML层的厚度.结果表明,当参数ε_0充分小时,优化的PML解指数收敛于原弹性波散射问题的解.     

立式砂仓断面积和高度研究及应用

基于室内实验、集料供排平衡理论、流体动力学理论,提出立式砂仓断面积和高度的计算模型.断面积计算模型的核心是有效沉降速度,通过沉降规律分析,提出有效沉降速度为干涉沉降结束时液面下降高度与沉降时间之比.高度计算模型由压缩层、沉降层、溢流层、储砂空间和稳定放砂高度组成,核心是压缩层高度计算,应用流体动力学理论提出压缩层高度和砂浆浓度的关系式.以某矿立式砂仓为例,计算得到立式砂仓直径D为10 m,砂仓高度H为26.5 m.现场试运行结果表明:砂仓底流体积分数可达44%(质量分数69%),溢流水体积分数控制在3%以下,浓缩效果良好.     

Combining multivariate volatility forecasts using weighted losses

The ability to improve out-of-sample forecasting performance by combining forecasts is well established in the literature. This paper advances this literature in the area of multivariate volatility forecasts by developing two combination weighting schemes that exploit volatility persistence to emphasise certain losses within the combination estimation period. A comprehensive empirical analysis of the out-of-sample forecast performance across varying dimensions, loss functions, sub-samples and forecast horizons show that new approaches significantly outperform their counterparts in terms of statistical accuracy. Within the financial applications considered, significant benefits from combination forecasts relative to the individual candidate models are observed. Although the more sophisticated combination approaches consistently rank higher relative to the equally weighted approach, their performance is statistically indistinguishable given the relatively low power of these loss functions. Finally, within the applications, further analysis highlights how combination forecasts dramatically reduce the variability in the parameter of interest, namely the portfolio weight or beta.     

贫困村农户电商扶贫参与意愿及其影响因素研究——以资源枯竭型城市阜新为例

基于阜新市贫困村407份调查数据,识别了农户参与电商扶贫的意愿,并运用多元有序Logit模型实证分析了农户参与意愿的影响因素。研究表明,农户对电商扶贫的参与意愿较高;受教育程度、网络使用经验、主要经济来源、农村电商认知、电商扶贫收入效应认知、亲戚朋友电商扶贫参与意愿、政府电商扶贫相关工作、电商服务站相关工作、电商扶贫服务体系、特色农产品规模对农户电商扶贫参与意愿有显著正向影响,家庭年均纯收入、生活满意度认知因素对农户电商扶贫参与意愿有显著负向影响。     

Physical layer impairments tolerance based lightpath provision in software defined optical network

As all-optical networks grow with ever increasing ultra-high speed, the communication quality suffers seriously from physical layer impairments ( PLIs) .The same problem still exists in software defined optical network ( SDON) controlled by OpenFlow.Aimed to solve this problem, a PLIs tol-erance based lightpath provision scheme is proposed for OpenFlow controlled optical networks.This proposed approach not only takes the OSNR model to represent those linear PLIs factors, but also in-troduces those nonlinear factors into the OSNR model.Thus, the proposed scheme is able to cover most PLIs factors of each optical link and conduct optical lightpath provison with better communica-tion quality.Moreover, PLIs tolerance model is also set up and considered in this work with some necessary extension to OpenFlow protocols to achieve better compatibility between physical layer im-pairments factors and various services connections.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is able to get better performance in terms of packet loss rate and connection setup time.     

Multicategory Purchase Incidence Models for Partitions of Product Categories

We analyze multicategory purchases of households by means of heterogeneous multivariate probit models that relate to partitions formed from a total of 25 product categories. We investigate both prior and post hoc partitions. We search model structures by a stochastic algorithm and estimate models by Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation. The best model in terms of cross‐validated log‐likelihood refers to a post hoc partition with two groups; the second‐best model considers all categories as one group. Among prior partitions with at least two category groups a five‐group model performs best. Effects on average basket value differ for the model with five prior category groups from those for the best‐performing model in 40% and 24% of the investigated categories for features and displays, respectively. In addition, the model with five prior category groups also underestimates total sales revenue across all categories by about 28%. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.