中国生产性能源消费量变动的实证研究

应用完全因素分解模型对中国1985年到2008年生产性能源消费量的变动进行分解。能源消费量的变动分解为三种效应:由于整体经济的增长带来的经济规模效应、产业结构变动带来的结构效应和技术进步的效率效应。实证结果表明:24年来,实际GDP带来的经济规模效应是使得能源消费不断上升的最主要因素;效率效应的作用与经济规模效应相反,效率效应对于控制能源消费的增长起到了较大并且积极的作用;产业结构的调整对能源消费的控制并没有起到积极的作用。     

Biodegradation of dissolved organic carbon in soil extracts and leachates from a temperate forest stand and its relationship to ultraviolet absorbance

The amount and biodegradability of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in forest floors can contribute to carbon sequestration in soils and the release of CO 2-C from soil to the atmosphere.There is only limited knowledge about the biodegradation of DOC in soil extracts and leachates due to the limitations inherent in degradation experiments.Differences in the biodegradation of DOC were studied in forest soil extracts using cold and hot water and 4 mmol/L CaCl 2 solution and in soil leachates sampled under different conditions over a wide range of DOC concentrations.From these results,we developed a simple and rapid method for determining the biodegradable organic C in forest floors.The hot water extracts and CaCl 2 extracts after CH 3 Cl fumigation contained higher concentrations of biodegradable organic C than the cold water extracts and CaCl 2 extracts before fumigation,with rapid DOC degradation occurring 24-48 h after incubation with an inoculum,followed by slow DOC degradation till 120-168 h into the incubation.During a 7-d incubation with an inoculum,the variation in DOC degradation in the different soil extracts was consistent with the change in special UV absorbance at 254 nm.Relatively higher levels of biodegradable organic C were detected in soil leachates from the forest canopy than in forest gaps between April and October 2008 (P <0.05).Relatively lower concentrations of DOC and biodegradable organic C were observed in soil leachates from N-fertilized plots during the growing season compared with the control,with the exception of the plot treated with KNO 3 at a rate of 45 kg N ha 1 a 1.Around 77.4% to 96.3% of the variability in the biodegradable organic C concentrations in the forest floors could be accounted for by the initial DOC concentration and UV absorbance at 254 nm.Compared with the conventional inoculum incubation method,the method of analyzing UV absorbance at 254 nm is less time consuming and requires a much smaller sample volume.The results suggest that the regression models obtained using the initial DOC concentration and UV absorbance can provide a rapid,simple and reliable method for determining the biodegradable organic C content,especially in field studies involving relatively large numbers of samples.     

基于VAR模型的辽宁省经济增长波动分析

通过建立向量自回归模型，运用脉冲响应函数和预测方差分解的方法对辽宁省宏观经济系统中经济增长的波动情况进行实证分析．研究结论表明：辽宁省经济发展基本符合出口导向型增长假说，影响辽宁省宏观经济波动的变量中，出口额占主要地位，长期上看GDP变化对其响应显著为正，且方差分解中来自出口的新息对GDP波动的贡献也最大．因此，目前加速辽宁省宏观经济增长的有效途径是实施出口导向型战略，在振兴东北老工业基地的基础上大力发展现代化工业并逐步扩大出口。     

醋酸乌利司他假多晶型分子热分解机理及动力学

通过冷却结晶实验制备醋酸乌利司他以乙醇为溶剂的假多晶型晶体.热重实验结果表明醋酸乌利司他假多晶型在升温过程中包含溶剂脱除与分子热分解2个过程.利用非等温热重法对醋酸乌利司他假多晶型的分子热分解过程机理及其动力学进行研究.基于不同热分解机理所对应的反应动力学机理函数,结合醋酸乌利司他假多晶型非等温热分解实验数据,计算估测醋酸乌利司他假多晶型分子热分解的机理,并计算得到这一过程所对应的热分解动力学方程.     

SVD法辨识同步电机数学模型结构

提出一个辨识同步电机数学模型结构的新方法。利用奇异值分解（ＳｉｎｇｕｌａｒＶａｌｕｅＤｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ，即ＳＶＤ）理论，提出一个判据，据此检查从电机实际运行过程中测得的输入输出数据矩阵的奇异值，确定电机电路模型中的等效阻尼支路的数目。仿真计算和电机实际测算结果表明本方法具有好的准确性和实用性。     

基于DWT变换的语音端点检测

根据语音特性,提出一种基于离散子波变换（DWT）的语音端点检测方法．该方法利用（数字）语音信号的多尺度能量分布特性和不同分辨率下重构语音信号的相关特性来刻画（数字）语音信号,从而在噪声中检测出语音信号的端点．仿真试验结果表明：基于DWT变换的端点检测法与常用的端点检测方法相比,具有更好的抗噪性和识别稳定性．     

基于模拟机匣的中介轴承微弱故障特征提取技术

中介轴承是航空发动机支承传动系统中的重要零件,其运行状态直接影响航空发动机的工作状态和运行安全。围绕航空发动机中介轴承微弱故障特征信号提取的问题,以振动信号分析和处理为基础,开展航空发动机中介轴承微弱故障特征信号提取实验。仿照某型涡扇发动机机匣结构设计加工了模拟机匣,用来模拟振动信号的复杂传递路径。基于包络谱分析和经验模态分解（Empirical Mode Decomposition）包络谱分析处理振动信号,对比二者对滚动轴承微弱故障特征信号的提取效果。实验结果表明,在中介轴承微弱故障特征信号提取中,模拟机匣可以有效地模拟振动信号的复杂传递路径,EMD包络谱分析法比单一采用包络谱分析的方法能够更加明显有效地提取中介轴承微弱故障信号。     

地震多属性在浊积扇河道砂体识别中的应用

浊积体中河道砂体单层厚度薄,横向变化快,受断层构造影响大,利用常规瞬时振幅沿层切片方法很难识别河道砂体展布,而用地层切片构建等时地层格架,利用谱分解技术将相干属性与地层切片结合起来,运用测井相、沉积相资料可对浊积扇的河道砂体进行综合预测.将此方法运用到渤海工区中取得了较好的实际效果,查明了河道砂体的展布规律,为后期的布井钻探提供了依据.     

强阻尼半线性波动方程的指数吸引子

研究了一类带强阻尼项的半线性波动方程的指数吸引子的存在性,通过算子分解来构造渐近紧的不变吸收集,进而得到了空间Ｅ１中的指数吸引子     

加权条件数在矩阵扰动问题中的极小性质

设A∈C_r~(m×n),r≤min(m,n)。对于加权条件数K_(MN)(A)=‖A‖MN‖A_(MN)~+‖NM,本文指出在一定条件假设下,K_(MN)(A)在矩阵扰动问题中的极小性质。主要结果如下:1.设A∈C_r~(m×n),E是A的任意小扰动矩阵。R(E)(?)r(A),R(E~*)(?)R(A~*)且‖A_(MN)~+‖NM‖E‖MN<1,有(?)成立,则有K_(MN)(A)≤(?)MN(A)。2.设A∈C_r~(m×n),E为A的任意小扰动矩阵。r(A+E)=r(A),且‖A_(MN)~+‖NM‖E‖MN<1,有(?)成立,则K_(MN)(A)≤(?)MN(A)。其中(?)当r相似文献