带有两种营销模式的供应链合作广告协调模型

本文考虑了带有直营店和代理商两种营销模式的Newsvendor型产品合作广告问题,分别建立了分散决策和集中控制下制造商和代理商的最优广告决策模型,分析了需求的随机性及直营店的营销模式对供应链双方广告决策的影响．给出了一个基于地方促销广告费用分摊的策略以实现供应链协调．最后,用数值仿真验证了本文的相关结论并得到一些重要的管理启示．     

The regulation of ion channels and transporters by glycolytically derived ATP

Glycolysis is an evolutionary conserved metabolic pathway that provides small amounts of energy in the form of ATP when compared to other pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation or fatty acid oxidation. The ATP levels inside metabolically active cells are not constant and the local ATP level will depend on the site of production as well as the respective rates of ATP production, diffusion and consumption. Membrane ion transporters (pumps, exchangers and channels) are located at sites distal to the major sources of ATP formation (the mitochondria). We review evidence that the glycolytic complex is associated with membranes; both at the plasmalemma and with membranes of the endo/sarcoplasmic reticular network. We examine the evidence for the concept that many of the ion transporters are regulated preferentially by the glycolytic process. These include the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, the H⁺-ATPase, various types of Ca²⁺-ATPases, the Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger, the ATP-sensitive K⁺ channel, cation channels, Na⁺ channels, Ca²⁺ channels and other channels involved in intracellular Ca²⁺ homeostasis. Regulation of these pumps, exchangers and ion channels by the glycolytic process has important consequences in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes, and a better understanding of this mode of regulation may have important consequences for developing future strategies in combating disease and developing novel therapeutic approaches. Received 20 July 2007; received after revision 30 July 2007; accepted 17 August 2007     

Conotoxins of the O-superfamily affecting voltage-gated sodium channels

The venoms of predatory cone snails harbor a rich repertoire of peptide toxins that are valuable research tools, but recently have also proven to be useful drugs. Among the conotoxins with several disulfide bridges, the O-superfamily toxins are characterized by a conserved cysteine knot pattern: C-C-CC-C-C. While ω-conotoxins and κ-conotoxins block Ca²⁺ and K⁺ channels, respectively, the closely related δ- and μO-conotoxins affect voltage-gated Na⁺ channels (Na_v channels). δ-conotoxins mainly remove the fast inactivation of Na_v channels and, thus, functionally resemble long-chain scorpion α-toxins. μO-conotoxins are functionally similar to μ-conotoxins, since they inhibit the ion flow through Na_v channels. Recent results from functional and structural assays have gained insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms. Both types of toxins are voltage-sensor toxins interfering with the voltage-sensor elements of Na_v channels. Received 27 December 2006; received after revision 30 January 2007; accepted 19 February 2007     

基于深度学习的MIMO系统联合信号检测与信道译码

为进一步提高多输入多输出(multiple-input multiple-output,MIMO)系统性能,研究了深度学习方法来联合解决MIMO系统信号检测与信道译码问题.通过将深度神经网络、自动编码器神经网络与传统MIMO通信系统的物理层架构进行有机融合,构建了基于神经网络的MIMO系统模型,可获取系统发射端的信息比...     

基于瑞利分布的计量型序贯网图检验

针对瞄准发射系统中着落点位置通常服从瑞利分布的事实,研究了计量型检验问题,建立了基于瑞利分布的序贯网图检验.采用搜索和迭代的计算机程序,可以得到计量型序贯网图检验方案.通过实例将序贯网图与计量型定数检验和计量型序贯概率比检验进行比较.结果显示,计量型序贯网图检验在减小最大样本量方面有更好的效果,更适用于高成本的抽样检验.     

可重构智能表面辅助大规模MIMO通信波束成形设计

可重构智能表面(reconfigurable intelligent surface, RIS)在无线通信系统中能够提高信道性能。为了降低传统波束成形方案中功率分配的复杂度,结合毫米波(millimeter wave, mmWave)特点建立信道模型,提出一种基于正交匹配追踪(orthogonal matching pursuit, OMP)和统一信道分解(uniform channel decomposition, UCD)的RIS辅助mmWave多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output, MIMO)系统混合波束成形设计方案。利用视距(line of sight, LoS)信道的到达角(angle of arrival, AoA)和离开角(angle of departure, AoD)设计了RIS的反射矩阵。该方法不需要复杂的功率分配,能够使得多个并行数据流具有相同的信道增益。仿真结果表明,该混合波束成形方案具有更好的误比特率(bit error rate, BER)性能及频谱效率。     

基于改进蚁群算法和共用航段的搜索救援通道规划

针对战斗搜救任务场景中,空中搜索救援等待区至跳伞区之间的往返路径规划问题,提出一种基于改进蚁群算法和共用航段的搜索救援通道规划方法。首先,针对基本蚁群算法易出现局部极值及收敛速度慢等缺点,对启发函数、状态转移策略、信息素更新策略进行了改进。然后,针对单起点多目标点的路径规划问题,提出了设置分航点以生成共用航段的搜索救援通道规划方法,并以总路径长度表征任务准备负荷量与分别规划航路进行对比。实验结果表明,在本文测试环境下,改进蚁群算法规划的路径长度分别缩减15.4%和14.2%,搜索救援通道的任务准备负荷量减少25.4%。所提出的搜索救援通道规划方法有一定的理论和应用价值。     

基于信道状态信息反馈的特征波束形成算法

在多输入多输出通信系统中,为了有效地降低系统的误符号率,提出了一种特征波束形成算法。在假设接收端能准确地完成信道估计,并能及时将信道的互相关矩阵反馈到发射端的基础上,研究了接收和发射均采用多天线的特征波束形成算法,对其性能进行了详细的分析和推导,并在此基础上研究了波束形成与空时块码的结合以提高系统的频谱利用率。计算机仿真结果表明,在接收端采用多根天线相对于单根天线能明显降低系统的误符号率。特征波束形成算法通过同时提供波束形成增益和分集增益位置,有效地提高了系统性能。     

基于图像分割和融合的图像去雾算法研究

为了解决传统的暗通道先验去雾方法产生的细节丢失和亮度偏低等问题,本研究提出了一种基于图像分割和融合的去雾算法。首先对输入图像使用亮度反转的MSRCR预处理来进行色彩保真;其次用阈值分割法提取图像的特征信息并获得掩膜,根据特征信息设计自适应的Gamma校正方法,提升对比度和亮度,并使用暗通道先验方法保持去雾后的细节;最后将处理后的图像进行掩膜融合。在真实世界的数据集上仿真结果表明,本研究所提算法在去雾后能保留更多的细节且提高亮度。与几种经典的算法相比,本研究所提算法在去雾后的图像有较好的色彩保真度,保留了更多的细节,去雾效果好且亮度更自然。     

基于DCT域的数字水印信道编码

从数字水印信道的特点出发,将各种纠错编码（error correcting coding,简称ECC）应用于水印的嵌入与提取中,并通过构造函数的方法构造出统一的综合码率进行有效的对比．实验证明了该方法有效地改善了水印的稳健性。