汽车运输露天矿的计算机模拟研究探求合理的车铲配比

本文对伊敏河露天煤矿生产系统进行了模拟研究.该矿是采用单斗——汽车工艺的新型矿山.为了提高该矿产量和经济效益,利用计算机模拟方法分析、评价和解决了矿山生产中存在的问题。模拟计算获得了满意的结果,模拟所确定的合理的车、铲配比,该矿将要在生产中实施.     

多功能切削头设计

本文介绍了一种新型的扩大机床使用范围,实现一机多用的多功能切削头。它由齿轮、螺旋等机构组成,可变机床主轴的旋转运动为刀架的直线往复运动。本文对该装置的用途、传动方案的拟定、传动比的计算、封闭功率及功率流的分析、与主机的联接方式,以及主要结构作了介绍。     

用N_(263)从硫酸介质中萃取V(Ⅳ)的研究

本文研究了用N_(263)从硫酸介质中萃取V(Ⅳ)的行为,探讨了水相酸度、金属离子浓度、硫酸根和氯离子等对萃取反应的影响。用连续变化法和斜率比法确定了萃合物的组成和萃取浓度平衡常数,并提出了可能的萃取机理。     

基于RS和GIS的小流域土壤侵蚀量估算研究

介绍了修正通用土壤流失方程及各因子算法．选取三峡库区太平溪小流域为研究区域,通过遥感和野外调查进行信息采集,建立了流域环境数据库．在GIS支持下,根据土壤流失监测模型对数据库实施运算操作,估算了流域土壤侵蚀量。     

土壤和沉积物中1,2,4-三氯苯的超声波提取

以土壤和沉积物中的1,2,4-三氯苯为研究对象,应用超声波提取并以气相色谱进行定量分析。研究结果表明：在一定的超声波处理条件下,1,2,4-三氯苯较为稳定且降解比率很小;最适宜的超声波提取条件为：超声波功率20W、提取温度35℃、提取时间60min、提取剂为石油醚-丙酮混合溶剂(体积比1：1);三种不同提取方法(索氏、振荡和超声波)相比较以超声波提取法最优;该方法的平均回收率为92．18％、变异系数0．82%、检测限0．000μg／g,可满足土壤中微量有机物定量分析要求。     

A new mechanism of invader success： Exotic plant inhibits natural vegetation restoration by changing soil microbe community

Since the 1950s of the last century, the exotic plant, Eupatorium adenophorum, has spread rapidly across southwest China, damaging native ecosystems and causing great economic losses. We examined the pH, N, P, K, and organic matter concentrations, and the bacterial community character (by Biolog EcoPlateTM) in soils from sites heavily and lightly invaded by this exotic species. Also, soil from the lightly invaded site was treated with a water extract of E.adenophorum roots to examine the effect of the plant on soil properties. We grew three plant species, one native and two exotic, in pot experiment using soil from heavily invaded site to examine the effects of the soil on these plants growth. The soil analysis demonstrated that the pH, organic matter, total N, total P and total K in soils from the heavily invaded site were only slightly different from those of the lightly invaded site, but concentrations of NH4^ , NO3^- and available P and K in the heavily invaded site were greater than those in the lightly invaded site. The catabolic activity of soil bacterial community in the heavily invaded site was different from that in the lightly invaded site. The catabolic activity of bacterial community in soils treated by the water extract of E.adenophorum roots changed and became similar to that in soils from the heavily invaded site. The pot experiment showed that the exotic plants growth in heavily invaded soil were not different from in lightly invaded soil; however, the native plant biomass decreased dramatically when grown in soil from the heavily invaded site as compared to soil from the lightly invaded site; and the same phenomenon was found when any potential allelopathic effects by E. adenophorum were eliminated by added activated carbon to those soils. Difference in soil nutrient availability and allelopathy could not explain this phenomenon of the native plant in the soils from the heavily and lightly invaded sites. Changes observed in the soil bacterial community were obviously related to native plant growth in those tow soils. Those results suggest that changing soil microbial community may be an important part of E. adenophorum invasion process. Since the soil microbial community serves as bridge in connection of exotic and natural plants, the exotic plant could inhibit the natural plant growth and reproduction by changing the soil microbial community in invaded site.     

降水时间份额和降水强度分配比的取值分析

基于福建惠安和大亚湾两个厂址各两年的逐时降水数据进行统计,估算事故冲洗因子计算公式中的两个参数“降水时间份额FW”和“降水强度分配比ft”的数值,通过分析其取值为FWT=1．0,FW2=0．91,FW3=0．35和FW4=0．28;f1=0．60,f2=0．25和f3≥0．15。     

科尔沁退化草地改良的工程措施及效果

针对草地退化的实际问题,以科尔沁乌兰敖都退化草地为例,采用围栏封育、深翻松土、补播豆科牧草等工程措施对该退化草地进行工程改良,并评价改良措施对土壤性质及草地植被生物多样性的影响.重度退化草地土壤有机碳和全氮含量较低且随土层深度增加而明显降低,土壤pH增高,10～30cm土层深度可溶性盐积累;与重度草地相比,退化改良3年草地土壤有机碳和全氮含量显著提高(P＜0.01),土壤pH降低,其中10～30cm深度土层的差异达到显著水平(P＜0.05);10～30cm深度电导率呈现出降低的趋势.经过改良,可以缓解土壤盐碱化,提高土壤肥力及物种多样性,达到提高草地质量、改善生态环境的效果.     

自然人性·乡土诗性·和谐神性--解读沈从文的文学追求

沈从文坚守着自己"乡下人"的身份,从乡村中国的视角和价值判断来建构自己的文学及文化体系.这个体系包括紧密关联的三个方面:带有"五四"启蒙传统的对民族品性的思考与重塑;"乡下人"视角下"城"与"乡"对立所导致的对世俗的躲避和对自然人性的讴歌;基于对"人"更高意义上的关怀,他还对现代文明的弊病做了深刻的思考,庄严地呼唤和谐"神性"的建构.