ZnO/WO_3纳米片薄膜的光电催化性能研究

采用水热法在不锈钢基底上制备WO3纳米片阵列,然后将其浸渍于不同浓度Zn(NO_3)_2溶液中以负载ZnO纳米颗粒,从而制备出ZnO/WO_3纳米片薄膜。采用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和电化学阻抗图谱(EIS)等方法对ZnO/WO_3复合薄膜的形貌、结构、物相组成和光电性能等进行分析,重点考察了薄膜电极对亚甲基蓝(MB)的光电催化降解性能。结果表明,WO_3纳米片均匀垂直于基底生长,Zn元素以ZnO颗粒的形式分布在WO_3表面;ZnO的引入促进了WO_3中产生的光生电子-空穴对的分离,从而使ZnO/WO_3复合薄膜表现出比纯WO_3薄膜更优异的光电性能和光电催化活性;在Zn(NO_3)_2浸渍液浓度为20mmol/L时,所制ZnO/WO_3复合薄膜具有最佳的光电催化性能,在MB溶液初始浓度为10mg/L、外加偏压为0.8V、光照1h的条件下,采用该样品对MB的降解率达96.5%,并且复合薄膜具有良好的循环稳定性,在重复使用5次后,对MB的光电催化降解效率没有明显降低,有望在实际污水处理中得到应用。     

Solid FeS lubricant: a possible alternative to MoS2 for Cu-Fe-based friction materials

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is one of the most commonly used solid lubricants for Cu-Fe-based friction materials.Nevertheless,MoS2 reacts with metal matrices to produce metal sulfides (e.g.,FeS) and Mo during sintering,and the lubricity of the composite may be related to the generation of FeS.Herein,the use of FeS as an alternative to MoS2 for producing Cu-Fe-based friction materials was investigated.According to the reaction principle of thermodynamics,two composites—one with MoS2 (Fe-Cu-MoS2 sample) and the other with FeS (FeS-Cu2S-Cu-Fe-Mo sample),were prepared and their friction behaviors and mechanical properties were compared.The results showed that MoS2 reacted with the Cu-Fe matrix to produce FeS,metallic ternary sulfides,and Mo when sintered at 1050℃.The MoS2-Cu-Fe and FeS-Cu2S-Cu-Fe-Mo samples thereby exhibited similar characteristics with respect to phase composition,density,hardness,and tribological behaviors.Micrographs of the worn surfaces revealed that the stable friction regime for both composites stemmed from the iron sulfides friction layers rather than from the molybdenum sulfides layers.     

柚子皮对亚甲基蓝吸附性能的研究

以柚子皮为原料制备了柚子皮、水洗柚子皮和酸洗柚子皮3种生物吸附剂,用于吸附水溶液中亚甲基蓝(MB).考察了溶液pH值、吸附时间、MB溶液初始浓度等对吸附效果的影响,并探讨了吸附机理.结果表明:3种吸附剂对MB的吸附规律大致相同,其中水洗柚子皮的吸附量最大,酸洗柚子皮次之,柚子皮最小.在pH 9,25℃条件下,用水洗柚子皮吸附溶液中MB,约170 min达到吸附平衡,等温吸附数据符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,最大吸附量为335mg·g-1.用pH 2的酸液进行解吸附再生,解吸率达到78%.红外光谱分析表明:水洗柚子皮表面有羟基、羧基、羰基、醛基和氨基等多种官能团,吸附剂表面带负电荷的基团对MB的吸附起重要作用.     

He-Ar isotopic system of fluid inclusions in pyrite from the molybdenum deposits in south margin of North China Block and its trace to metallogenetic and geodynamic background

The helium and argon isotopic compositions of the ore-forming fluids from the molybdenum deposits such as Jinduicheng, Donggou, Shijiawan, and Sandaozhuang, which are located in the East Qinling molybdenum belt in south margin of North China Block （SMCNB）, are reported in this paper. The origin and the evolution of the ore-forming fluids and their coupled-relationships with the intra-continental collision and orogenic process of Qinling Orogen in Mesozoic-Cenozoic have been discussed. The 3He/4He and 40Ar/36Ar values （3He/4He=1.38-3.64 Ra, and 40Ar/36Ar=295.68-346.39, respectively） of the fluid inclusions in pyrite from the molybdenum deposits in East Qinling suggest that, the ore-forming fluid system is mixed by two end members. One is the high temperature deep-derived fluid congenetic with the porphyries generated by crust-mantle mixing, and the other is the low-temperature meteoric water which is rich in crustal radiogenic He with the component of atmospheric Ar. From the Pb isotopic composition, and ore-bearing potential of the porphyry and the regional stratum, we can conclude that the ore-forming materials of the deposits in the East Qinling molybdenum belt are derived from the deep source by the mixing of lower crust and upper mantle. Therefore, the formation of the molybdenum deposits in SMNCB can be related to the crust-mantle interaction, which is accompanied by the intra-continental orogenic and extension process in the post-collision period of Qinling Orogen. The granitic porphyries which are related to Mo mineralization are not simple crust-remelting type granites or S type granites, but belong to syntexis-type or mantle-derived granites, hence their formation has a profound and regional geodynamic background.     

高压密封消解石墨炉原子吸收测定土壤中的全钼

对密封消解石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中全钼的各参数条件进行研究。建立密封消解石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中全钼的方法。在最佳测试条件下,钼方法检出限为0．32μg／L,测定相对标准偏差为1．1％,样品加标回收率为92．7％-102．2％．用于土壤中全钼的测定,结果满意。     

新型柴油HDN催化剂的制备与性能研究

采用改进的溶胶凝胶法制备的TiO2-ZrO2-SiO2三元复合载体并负载磷化钼制备了MoP/TiO2-ZrO2-SiO2新型加氢脱氮催化剂.以喹啉为模型化合物,考察催化剂的加氢脱氮性能,得出n(Ti)∶n(Zr)∶n(Si)为6∶1∶10时复合载体催化剂的催化性能最好.由BET的结果可知,T6Z1S10复合载体具有较大的比表面积和孔径.XRD衍射峰中锐钛矿特征峰宽而尖锐,趋于完善.确定了反应的最佳工艺条件:温度380℃,空速2.0 h-1,压力3.0 MPa,φ(氢)∶φ(油)为500.原位还原法制备磷化钼催化剂,还原条件对加氢活性影响较大,确定最佳原位还原条件为:升温速率2℃.m in-1,还原气流速60 mL.m in-1,还原压力为0.5 MPa,还原终温为600℃.     

不同能量水平对蓝孔雀生长速度及繁殖性能的影响

采用单因素3水平设计方法对蓝孔雀进行饲养试验,研究不同能量水平对蓝孔雀生长速度及繁殖性能的影响。试验选取2月龄蓝孔雀肉鸟90只,种鸟45只,各分为3个组,每组设3个重复,以能量水平为试验因子,肉鸟日粮代谢能水平为：11．09MJ／kg、11．53MJ／kg和12．24MJ／kg,种鸟日粮代谢能水平为11．33MJ／kg、12．21MJ／kg和12．85MJ／kg,饲养期为5个月。结果表明,肉鸟的日粮代谢能为11．53MJ／kg时其生长性能表现最佳,种鸟日粮代谢能为11．21MJ／kg时其产蛋性能最好。     

硼、钼、硅对草坪草海滨雀稗CAT和POD活性的影响

以暖季型草坪草海滨雀稗（Paspalum vaginatum Swarfz）为实验材料,通过硼、钼、硅及其配合施用,测定冬季和春季过氧化氢酶（CAT）和过氧化物酶（POD）的活性,探讨硼、钼、硅对草坪草抗寒性的作用．在冬季低温时草坪草海滨雀稗CAT活性下降．施钼和硼钼配施显著提高了草坪草海滨雀稗CAT活性．春季施钼和施硅草坪草海滨雀稗活性显著高于其它处理．在冬季低温时草坪草海滨雀稗POD活性显著升高．在春季和冬季施硅均显著提高草坪草海滨雀稗POD活性．且冬季和春季没有差异．研究结果表明：Mo和Si促进了细胞保护酶活性提高,能有效提高对生物体活性氧的清除能力．减少活性氧对生物膜的破坏作用,从而提高草坪草抗寒性．     

亚甲基兰的生物污泥吸附及胞外聚合物作用

对比研究了活性污泥和厌氧污泥对染料亚甲基兰的吸附性能,并考察了胞外聚合物(EPS)以及外层溶解性胞外聚合物(SEPS)和内层固着性胞外聚合物(BEPS)在此过程中所起的作用.结果表明,活性污泥中的EPS,SEPS,BEPS以及厌氧污泥中的EPS,BEPS对染料哑甲基兰的吸附更符合Langmuir等温式,厌氧污泥中的SEPS则更符合Freundlich 模型.活性污泥和厌氧污泥中SEPS绝对吸附量均大于BEPS的绝对吸附量,分别为14.1倍和5.8倍.但由于单位质量活性污泥和厌氧污泥中BEPS的质量均远大于SEPS,故活性污泥和厌氧污泥EPS对染料亚甲基兰的吸附主要是BEPS的吸附所贡献.     

高碘酸钾氧化溴酚蓝催化动力学光度法测定痕量铁的研究

研究了在弱酸介质中,利用铁(Ⅲ)对高碘酸钾氧化溴酚蓝的催化作用,建立了催化光度方法测定痕量铁(Ⅲ)的新方法,该方法线性范围在0~48μg/L、检测限为 3.1× 10~(-7)·L~(-1)。测定出反应表观活化能为 Ea=98.66KJ/mol。此法用于水样中微量铁的测定,结果满意。