两阶段控制冷却工艺对含钼X80抗大变形管线钢组织与性能的影响

采用TMCP热轧及轧后两阶段控制冷却技术,在试验室制备了含Mo成分的X80级抗大变形管线钢,并利用扫描电镜和透射电镜等分析方法研究了不同冷却条件对组织与性能的影响.结果表明,采用两阶段控制冷却工艺的含Mo成分X80抗大变形管线钢为铁素体-贝氏体双相组织;随加速冷却中开冷温度降低,组织中铁素体含量增加,试样强度降低,屈强比降低,均匀伸长率提高;随加速冷却中终冷温度降低,贝氏体中M/A含量减少,尺寸更细小,分布更分散,试样强度变化不大但均匀伸长率显著提升.分析表明,当铁素体含量一定时,均匀伸长率与贝氏体中M/A密切相关,细小且均匀分布的M/A可提高加工硬化速率,推迟颈缩发生,使均匀伸长率升高.当加速冷却中开冷温度为690℃、终冷温度为450℃时,组织中铁素体的体积分数约为23%、晶粒尺寸约为5μm,M/A岛尺寸约为1μm,组织均匀性良好,试样得到最优的强度塑性匹配.     

热等静压对等离子喷涂成形制备钼制品的影响

先采用球磨加喷雾干燥制备喷涂钼粉,然后通过等离子喷涂制备预设厚度的钼沉积层,再对其进行热等静压处理制备钼制品。使用阿基米德法测量钼沉积层和钼制品的相对密度,用显微硬度计测量它们的维氏硬度,用万能材料试验机测试它们的拉伸强度,用扫描电镜观察它们的外表面、截面和断口微观形貌。研究结果表明:采用等离子喷涂技术能制备致密度达89.7%、拉伸强度达44 MPa、显微硬度(HV)约152、厚度达5 mm的钼沉积层。钼沉积层经过低压热等静压处理后,其显微结构得到改善,相对密度达92%,力学性能提高(拉伸强度达到54 MPa,显微硬度(HV)约246);经二次高压热等静压处理后,钼沉积层的层状结构特征完全消失,颗粒结合紧密,出现等轴晶粒,伴随晶粒长大,断口出现穿晶解理断裂,相对密度达到97.3%,拉伸强度提高到110 MPa,显微硬度(HV)达到321。     

从碱性炼铋渣中选择性浸出钠盐和钼

采用常温和较高温分阶段浸出铋精矿低温碱性熔炼渣.研究结果表明:Na2S2O3和Mo主要进入常温浸出液中,而Na2CO3主要进入热浸液中.在温度为300K,液固比为0.75及时间为1h的条件下,进行两段逆流循环浸出后,Mo和Na2S2O3的浸出率分别为82.28％和75.03％,而Na2CO3的浸出率仅为33.13％;常温浸液中n(S2O32-)/n(CO32-)为1.97,实现了Na2S2O3和Na2CO3的初步分离;在温度为313～363 K,液固比不小于l,时间为lh的条件下进行热水浸出,Na2CO3,Na2S2O3及Mo的热浸率分别为94.0％,94.3％和69.0％;它们的两段总浸出率分别为95.99％,98.58％及94.51％.     

沉积温度对磁控溅射镀钌薄膜微观结构和附着力的影响

采用中频磁控溅射技术在钼圆片表面镀覆钌薄膜,通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、平整度仪、宏观浸蚀试验和百格测试等对镀层进行表征和检测,研究不同沉积温度对薄膜微观结构和附着力的影响。结果表明,随着沉积温度由室温升至200℃,钌薄膜的表面平整性和致密性逐步改善,附着力得以提高;200℃沉积薄膜的膜/基结合力最大,其微观结构、致密性等也均达到最优;但当沉积温度进一步提高到300℃时,钌薄膜的表面起伏反而增大,附着力有所下降。     

Low-cost solid FeS lubricant as a possible alternative to MoS2 for producing Fe-based friction materials

Three reaction systems of MoS2–Fe, FeS–Fe, and FeS–Fe–Mo were designed to investigate the use of FeS as an alternative to MoS2 for producing Fe-based friction materials. Samples were prepared by powder metallurgy, and their phase compositions, micro-structures, mechanical properties, and friction performance were characterized. The results showed that MoS2 reacts with the matrix to produce iron-sulfides and Mo when sintered at 1050°C. Iron-sulfides produced in the MoS2–Fe system were distributed uniformly and continuously in the matrix, leading to optimal mechanical properties and the lowest coefficient of friction among the systems studied. The lubricity observed was hypothesized to originate from the iron-sulfides produced. The FeS–Fe–Mo system showed a phase composition, porosity, and density similar to those of the MoS2–Fe system, but an uneven distribution of iron-sulfides and Mo in this system resulted in less-optimal mechanical properties. Finally, the FeS–Fe system showed the poorest mechanical properties among the systems studied because of the lack of Mo reinforcement. In friction tests, the formation of a sulfide layer contributed to a decrease in coefficient of fric-tion (COF) in all of the samples.     

液膜法提取钼的实验研究

本文研究了间歇法从钼酸盐中提取钼时,各种因素时提钼率的影响,找出了一较适宜的操作条件,对100 ppm的含钼溶液,当外相水溶液pH=2.00,内相NaOH浓度Cio=0.9800mol,Roi=3/1,Rew=1/3,搅拌转速400rpm,膜相配方为:3.6%兰—113,9% TBP,87.4%煤油(w/w),一次处理5min,即可使提钼率达97%以上,并且乳液在相同条件下连续使用3次,提钼率仍在90%以上,提高了经济效益,降低了原料成本,而且该实验可望向连续式发展。     

熔盐电镀—Ⅱ,钼的电化学成核和长大及其对电镀的影响

本文主要用恒电势法研究了钼晶核的形成和长大的动力学规律及其对电镀的影响。实验证明,在所选盐系、温度及浓度范围内,阴极反应开始阶段的控制步骤是半球形晶核的形成及其在扩散控制下的长大。适当控制影响这一步骤的因素,可以改善镀层质量。增大超电势将使晶核密度迅速增大,有利于获得结晶细致、光滑致密的镀层。在恒电势下,升高温度将使晶核密度增大,对改善镀层有利;而在恒电流下,升高温度则极化减小,晶核密度变小,对电镀不利。无论在恒电势或恒电流下,增大浓度都会使晶核密度变小,晶粒变粗,对电镀不利。     

The coordination and function of the redox centres of the membrane-bound nitrate reductases

Under anaerobic conditions and in the presence of nitrate, the facultative anaerobe Escherichia coli synthesises an electron-transport chain comprising a primary dehydrogenase and the terminal membrane-bound nitrate reductase A (NarGHI). This review focuses on recent advances obtained on the structure and function of the three protein subunits of membrane-bound nitrate reductases. We discuss a global architecture for the Mo-bisMGD-containing subunit (NarG) and a coordination model for the four [Fe–S] centres of the electron-transfer subunit (NarH) and for the two b-type haems of the anchor subunit NarI.     

等离子喷涂钼基非晶纳米晶复合涂层的组织和电化学特性

用Mo基合金粉末(含Si,B,Cr,W,Mo,Ni等)作为喷涂材料,利用大气等离子喷涂(APS)技术,在0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢基体上制备了钼基非晶纳米晶复合涂层.利用XRD观察了涂层的晶型结构,扫描电镜(SEM)观察涂层的组织形貌,恒电位扫描仪对涂层的电化学特性进行了测试,显微硬度仪测量涂层的显微硬度.实验结果表明,利用等离子喷涂工艺可以制备高硬度的Mo基非晶纳米晶复合涂层,这种涂层结构均匀致密,其显微硬度最高达到1 426.9HV.孔隙率约为5.5%.非晶纳米晶复合涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液中存在钝化现象,自腐蚀电流为6.459μA·cm-2,腐蚀速度0.869 mm·a-1.