铁掺杂TiO_2-SBA-15催化剂制备及光催化降解甲基橙研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法,将TiO_2负载到介孔分子筛SBA-15上,再通过FeCl3浸渍的方法,将不同量的铁掺杂到TiO_2-SBA-15上.通过FT-IR、XRD、N2吸附-脱附和TEM等手段对铁掺杂TiO_2-SBA-15催化剂进行表征.结果表明:负载TiO_2后的SBA-15依然为高度有序的二维六方结构,比表面积略有减小,说明SBA-15的孔道结构有利于TiO_2的分散.掺铁后的TiO_2-SBA-15的结构改变不大,且TiO_2晶形仍为锐钛矿型.最后以光催化降解甲基橙探究不同铁掺杂量的TiO_2-SBA-15催化活性.结果表明:铁离子掺杂量为0.035%(质量分数),紫外光照射200min时,甲基橙降解率达最高值98.2%.     

小分子势能面及其量子动力学研究

简要介绍了原子与分子物理研究所,近几年来在小分子势能面、量子散射动力学和弱相互作用聚合物光谱等方面的理论研究.     

New crystal structure of molecular complex 1-piperidine carboxylate-piperidinium-H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O studied by X-ray single crystal diffraction

Piperidine absorbs CO2 and H2O in air to form a molecular complex： piperidium-l-piperidinecarboxylate-H2O. The structure of the complex was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal structure was determined to be triclinic, space group P1^-with a=0.648 6（8） nm, b=0.809 200） nm, c= 1.357 1（16） nm, a=96.96706）°, β =102.506（15）°,γ=104.202 05）°, Z=2. The complex is stabilized via five hydrogen bonds between the three components, N-O electrostatic interaction and O-O interaction （electron transfer） betweenl-piperidinecarboxylate and H2O. Due to electron transference of carbamate ion, the oxygen atom in water molecule is strongly negatively charged and the O-H bond is considerably shorter than that of the free molecule of water. The formation of the molecular complex is a reversible process and will decompose upon heating. The mechanism of formation and stabilization is further investigated herein.     

PM3级别上的最大重迭对称性分子轨道

本文提出了PM3级别上的最大重迭对称性分子轨道计算方案,采用通常的半经验分子轨道方法PM3级别中完全相同的参数,计算了各种分子的几何参数、电离能等,所得结果与实验值及PM3半经验分子轨道方法计算结果相符,说明该计算方案是可行的。同时,由于提出的计算方案过程简单,更易推广使用到从头算方法难以解决的大分子体系和超分子体系的结构和性质研究。     

一类混杂构形的特征多项式

研究了一类由超平面和球面所构成的特殊的混杂构形,讨论了混杂构形的相交集的交半格以及混杂构形与原超平面构形的Mbius函数之间的关系,接着推广到多于一个球面的较为复杂的混杂构形,最后给出了混杂构形的特征多项式和房的计算公式。     

电性距离矢量预测有机污染物的生物富集因子

以电性距离矢量Mt表征165种非离子性有机物(NOC)的分子结构.利用多元回归方法建立了122种NOC的生物富集因子(lg BCF)与32个Mt的数学模型,其相关系数R为0.976.经逐步回归建立最佳四变量(M15,M17,M36,M91)模型,其R为0.960;并以Jackknife法检验,其LOO交互检验系数(q2)为0.915.这4个Mt参数揭示了影响NOC生物富集因子的主要因素,结果表明该模型具有良好的估算能力与鲁棒性.以111个NOC为训练集的生物富集模型作用于11个NOC的检验集,显示出良好的预测能力.     

The occurrence and significance of C25HBI in Cenozoic saline lacustrine source rocks from the Western Qaidam Basin,NW China

The saline lacustrine deposit of the Oligocene Lower Ganchaigou Formation is the main source rock for the Western Qaidam Basin,NW China.In this study,abundant highly branched isoprenoids with 25 carbon atoms (C25HBI) were detected in the upper section of the Lower Ganchaigou Formation.C25HBI is a biomarker for diatoms,and can provide information regarding biogeochemical processes during production and preservation of sedimentary organic matter.The carbon isotopic values of C25HBI in these source rocks were in the range of-18‰ to-20‰.The relative enrichment in 13C of C25HBI suggests that these isoprenoids were derived from diatom blooms.In this case,the diatoms used HCO3-as an additional carbon source to dissolved CO2 in water column due to their high biological productivity.Conversely,the diatom blooms indicated an abundant nutrient supply to the environment and high primary productivity.Thus,the occurrence of 13C-enriched C25HBI could be an ideal marker for good source rocks.The decreased concentration of CO2(aq) in the water column induced by diatom blooms can result in an enrichment in 13C of organic matter synthesized by primary producers.This may be a possible reason for the occurrence of 13C-enriched organic matter in the Cenozoic source rocks of the Western Qaidam Basin.Previous studies have shown that the high carbon number n-alkanes sourced from diatoms have no carbon preference.Hence,the sources of n-alkanes in regional source rocks are complex,and should be considered when discussing the sources of organic matter in future studies.     

Angular dependent NEXAFS study of the molecular orientation of PTCDA multilayers on Au （111） surface

The molecular orientation of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PTCDA) multilayers adsorbed on Au (111) surface has been investigated using angular dependent O K-edge near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The significant angular dependence of important resonant structures (π* and σ*) reveals that PTCDA molecules adopt an ordered geometry on the substrate surface. The average tilt angle of the PTCDA molecular planes is 27°±10° from the Au (111) surface.     

Evaluation of humic acid removal by a flat submerged membrane photoreactor

A flat submerged membrane combined with a TiO 2 /UV photocatalytic reactor (FSMPR) was employed in batch mode to remove humic acid (HA). HA removal efficiency was characterized by UV 254 absorbance, UV-vis spectra, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, specific UV absorbance (SUVA), and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP). The FSMPR process was effective in removing more than 86% of DOC and nearly 100% of UV 254 absorbance, while the THMFPs of samples were reduced to < 19 μ g/L after 150 min of treatment. In addition, changes in transmembrane pressure (TMP) with and without UV were evaluated; TiO 2 /UV was effective at controlling membrane fouling by HA. Analysis of the molecular weight (MW) distributions and three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra of HAs revealed that the effectiveness in membrane fouling control is a result of changes in HA molecular characteristics. The TiO 2 /UV photocatalytic reactor caused the degradation of high MW, hydrophobic humic-like molecules to low MW, hydrophilic protein-like molecules, although this fraction was not completely removed during 150 min of treatment and was less responsible for membrane fouling.     

直接键连C-X(X=H, C)的核自旋偶合常数的理论研究

利用建立的PM3级别上的最大重迭对称性分子轨道法和自然杂化轨道方法,计算了系列烃类化合物的杂化轨道和电荷分布,拟合出计算C-H及C-C偶合常数的简单关系式,研究了各种烃类分子中不同的C-Ｈ键和Ｃ-Ｃ键偶合常数,理论计算值和实验数据都较为吻合．进一步验证了直接键连1JCX(X=C, H)偶合常数主要取决于偶合作用中的Fermi接触相,为从简单价键理论角度解释和计算1JCH和1JCC提供了一种简便直观的方法．计算结果也表明提出的计算方法是可行的．