Solvent effects on photophysical properties of copper and zinc porphyrins

The photophysics of Zn（tetraphenylporphyrin,TPP）, Zn（tetra-2,4,6-trimethylphenyl porphyrin, TMP）, Zn （tetra-（o-dichlorophenyl） porphyrin, TPPCI8）, Cu（tetraphenylporphyrin,TPP）, Cu（tetra-2,4,6-trimethyl- phenyl porphyrin,TMP）, and Cu（tetra-（o-dichlorophenyl） porphyrin, TPPCIE, TPPCI8） in several solvents have been investigated on steady state and time-resolved spectroscopy. The Cu（TPPCI8 ） is normal and shows no evidence of CT transition in the visible or near UV regions in nonpolar solvent. However, Cu（TPPCI8）shows a blue shift in the absorption spectrum and intramolecular CT bands at absorption spectra in polar solvent, which shows a fluorescence maximum emission at 650 nm and 8.4 ns lifetime. The reason can be attributed to two points. Firstly, the increase of solvent polarity can enlarge outer reorganisational energy, which is favorable to reduce the activation free energy of charger-transfer transition based on Marcus theory of electron transfer. Moreover, the internal heavy-atom effect on Cu（TPPCIE） is encouraging to stabilize the 2T1 state also, which increases the possibility of population to CT band from 2T1 state. This result is in accord with an earlier estimate of a 10 ns lifetime and CT absorption at 640 nm bands for the CT state of Cu （11） octethylporphyrins. Other possible reasons arousing unusual fluorescence like H-bonding, axial ligands, molecular aggregation are excluded.     

A theoretical model for mid- and low-latitude ionospheric electric fields in realistic geomagnetic fields

The geomagnetic fields, which play important roles in the ionospheric dynamo, can greatly affect the global distribution of ionospheric electric fields, currents and other ionospheric electrodynamics phenomena. In the study of ionospheric electrodynamics phenomena, such as the longitudinal variations of ionospheric electric fields, the non-dipolar component of the geomagnetic fields must be taken into account. In this paper, we deduce a theoretical electric field model for ionospheric dynamo at mid- and low-latitude which adopt a modified magnetic apex coordinates system. In the new electric field model, the geomagnetic fields can be calculated from either the IGRF model or the dipole field model, and the neutral winds and conductivities are calculated based on empirical models. Then the dynamo equation for the electric potential is finally solved in terms of the line-by-line iteration method, and the ionospheric electric fields and currents are derived from the calculated potential. Our model can reproduce the main features of the ionospheric electrodynamics processes, so it will be a useful tool for the investigation of the upper atmosphere and ionosphere.     

中国典型季风区分子化石记录的生物空间分异

目的揭示中国典型季风区分子化石记录的生物分布的空间分异。方法利用GC-MS对典型季风区泥炭剖面进行分子化石的检测和分析。结果全新世时期,不同季风气候带的正构烷烃分布特征明显不同,从南到北依次为nC29—nC31(少量为nC25)—nC27,nC29,nC31为优势,说明不同地带同一时期植被输入呈明显的分异特征。结论中国全新世不同空间格局的生物,从南到北具有明显的空间分异特点,是生物-气候共同作用的结果。     

准确绘制在直线上的电荷系的电场线

用高斯定理求出了在直线上的点电荷系的电场线方程,提出由电场线方程绘制电场线的逐点计算——选点描绘法,给出用此方法绘制的一些电场线图形.     

甲醇缸内直喷复合导流分层燃烧系统的优化研究

综合缸内直喷发动机壁面引导、喷雾引导和气流引导分层燃烧系统的特点,在一台柴油机改造的火花点火发动机上,开展了甲醇缸内直喷复合导流分层燃烧的研究.对影响燃烧系统性能的导流面位置、火花塞伸出缸盖的距离、涡流比、供油提前角、点火提前角、喷油器启喷压力、喷油嘴形式等主要参数进行了优化.优化后的甲醇发动机可以实现过量空气系数为2.23的分层燃烧,在1 500r/min时扭矩为135 N·m(是同工况下原柴油机的65.5%),热效率达到29.7%,较好地实现了分层燃烧系统的优化匹配.     

电力线的性质和应用

据电力线性的性质，采用反正法来定性分析静电场中的导体问题。     

C_(60)的热力学函数与分子结构

在已获得的C6 0 分子取向几率与温度关系的基础上 ,考虑C6 0 晶体两种最优取向构成的双能级系统 ,探讨了C6 0 晶体的各种热力学函数在 2 6 0K温度下的表现形式 .着重分析了 87K附近二阶相变两侧热力学函数的变化规律 .根据已报道的C6 0 晶体在有序相两端点温度 87K和 2 6 0K的取向分布实验结果 ,将较高能级分子取向 (38°)的几率转化成分数值 1 6和 3 8.由热力学基本原理 ,得到了两端点温度的 38°取向分子的三维排列结构 ,并对其随温度的转变作了初步的探讨 .