4种菁染料化合物结构和性能的密度泛函理论研究

运用量子化学的密度泛函方法，在B3LYP／6－31G水平下全优化计算了近期合成的正离子型菁染料与相应中性化合物的分子几何型和电子结构，由前线分子轨道理论提供了反应的活性原子和活性键。此外，还通过ZINDO／S计算得到了它们的紫外光谱。联系实验事实和有机电子结构理论对计算结果进行了讨论。4种标题物的紫外光谱λmax的计算值、实测值以及前线轨道能级差值（△E)三者之间呈现一致的大小排序。     

分子元素与功能核酸分子

 介绍了"分子元素"概念。论述了核酸适体的筛选及其作为大分子药物的应用价值,概述了人工碱基的合成及进展;探讨了脱氧核酶的作用原理,分析了分子信标、分子马达在生物传感、生物合成、生物药物研究等方面的应用前景,展望了核酸分子研究领域的前景及面临的挑战。     

高大鬼针草的形态与显微鉴定

运用分子、植物形态以及显微鉴别的方法对高大鬼针草进行研究。通过测定DNA的ITS序列确定高大鬼针草为鬼针草属,并对其形态学以及茎、叶的显微鉴别特征进行详细描述和记录。该研究建立的方法为高大鬼针草的鉴定以及开发利用提供了参考依据。     

计算机模拟聚合物纳米复合材料导电导热的研究进展

总结了作者课题组采用分子动力学模拟方法,在聚合物纳米复合材料导电导热方面取得的研究进展。研究结果表明,高的聚合物导电填料相互作用能、中等的分子链功能化改性度、中等的导电填料表面接枝分子链数目、中等的本体交联密度以及中等比率的聚合物共混有利于导电填料网络的形成,进而得到高的材料电导率。另外,外加剪切场和电场会显著地致使导电填料沿着外场方向取向,进而获得导电各向异性材料。当外加剪切场和电场撤去后,导电网络会逐渐地回复到初始值,这个回复过程可以用一个模型来描绘。对于导热性能,聚合物填料界面热导率与填料接枝密度成正比;随着接枝长度的增加,聚合物填料界面热导率先上升后逐渐趋于恒定;然而填料热导率随着接枝密度的上升而显著下降,最终在中等接枝密度下材料的热导率达到最大值。此外,填料间热阻可以用一个热环流模型来描绘。最后,分子链接枝填料末端会显著提高材料的热导率。这些基础问题的探讨将为制备高导电高导热的聚合物纳米复合材料提供重要的科学依据与理论指导。     

分子标记辅助选育香型软米水稻“上师大18号”

以香型软米水稻"青香软粳"作为软米基因供体亲本,以香型非软米水稻"光明粳2号"作为转育亲本,结合软米基因分子标记辅助筛选,成功培育出香型软米水稻"上师大18号"."上师大18号"水稻全生育期约148 d,早于"青香软粳"水稻约5 d."上师大18号"水稻主要农艺性状和产量性状都与"光明粳2号"接近."上师大18号"稻米直链淀粉质量分数为8. 2%,符合软米特征."上师大18号"水稻的成功选育有助于上海地区推广生育期相对较短的香型软米水稻.     

Integrative taxonomic revision of Dendrobaena veneta (Rosa, 1886) sensu lato with description of a new species and resurrection of Dendrobaena succinta (Rosa, 1905) (Megadrili: Lumbricidae)

Dendrobaena veneta is one of the most widely used compost worms now distributed all over Europe and has been described under several synonymous names. Besides the typical stripy red specimens, another form bearing pinkish pigmentation also exists, mostly found in natural habitats in the East Mediterranean. Here we provide the first integrative taxonomic analysis of D. veneta, including some closely related species. Both the morphological and molecular results highly support the resurrection of D. succinta, a former synonym of D. veneta. In addition, we describe a peculiar new species, D. karacadagi sp. n. from Anatolia, and prove the highly homoplasious character of the cross section of the longitudinal musculature.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:336D3F7A-AEA1-465B-9096-03070C761A6A     

高磁场下顺磁性NdF3介质的磁特性

理论计算了高磁场下顺磁性NdF3的磁特性。理论分析表明,顺磁性NdF3的分子场系数v〈0。在高于奈尔温度的一段温度区域内,随着温度的上升,NdF3介质的磁化率χ会发生急剧变化,同时引起磁亚晶格结构异乎寻常的变化,理论与实验结果较为吻合。     

Molecular dynamics simulation of a single polymer in hydrophilic nano-slits

The behavior of a single polyethylene polymer in aqueous solution confined between two hydrophilic walls is studied with molecular dynamics （MD） simulations. The thickness of the nano-slit ranges from 1.26 to 3.15 nm, which is comparative to the polymer dimension. A monotonic transition from 3D- to 2D-like configurations is observed as the distance between the two walls narrows. Monomers are compressed into several layers and the preferred bond orientations alternate between parallel and normal to the walls accordingly. The diffusivity in the direction parallel to the wall is always larger than the one perpendicular to it. Calculation of the entropy and enthalpy changes during the folding of the polymer chain alone cannot explain the spontaneous process. The corresponding increase in water entropy due to volume expansion may be large enough to result in the overall free energy decrease.     

Hybrid Decomposition Method in Parallel Molecular Dynamics Simulation Based on SMP Cluster Architecture

A hybrid decomposition method for molecular dynamics simulations was presented, using simultaneously spatial decomposition and force decomposition to fit the architecture of a cluster of symmetric multi-processor (SMP) nodes. The method distributes particles between nodes based on the spatial decom-position strategy to reduce inter-node communication costs. The method also partitions particle pairs within each node using the force decomposition strategy to improve the load balance for each node. Simulation results for a nucleation process with 4 000 000 particles show that the hybrid method achieves better parallel performance than either spatial or force decomposition alone, especially when applied to a large scale particle system with non-uniform spatial density.     

中药材桔梗及其易混品的DNA条形码分子鉴定

为了特异性地鉴别桔梗药材Platycodon grandiflorum及其易混品,通过优化DNA提取方法,并基于ITS(internal transcribed spacer)序列上的特异性位点,设计特异性引物,进行特异性PCR扩增,以扩增成功率为判定指标快速鉴别桔梗药材真伪.研究结果表明,改良CTAB(cetyltr...