一种二茂铁衍生物的合成、表征及分子超极化率的测定

本文合成了一种新的二茂铁共轭取代衍生物（反式）一［１一二茂铁基一２一（４一氯苯基）乙烯］．用元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、晶体结构进行表征，采用电场诱导二次谐波方法测定了该分子的超极化率。     

硝酸酯分子结构和水解机理研究（Ⅱ）─—硝酸乙酯

该文运用ＳＣＦ—ＭＯＡＭ１方法，通过能量梯度全优化计算，求得了硝酸乙酯的反式和傍式两种分子构象，两种构象间的能量差为３．５１ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ。傍式比反式稳定，反式—傍式旋转势垒为２．３４ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。由ＡＭ１法计算，制作了硝酸乙酯的碱性ＳＮ２水解位能曲线，求得活化能为６３．６０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。讨论了水解过程中反应体系的几何构型和电荷分布的变化规律。     

sHsps and their role in the chaperone network

Small Hsps (sHsps) encompass a widespread but diverse class of proteins. These low molecular mass proteins (15—42 kDa) form dynamic oligomeric structures ranging from 9 to 50 subunits. sHsps display chaperone function in vitro, and in addition they have been suggested to be involved in the inhibition of apoptosis, organisation of the cytoskeleton and establishing the refractive properties of the eye lens in the case of α-crystallin. How these different functions can be explained by a common mechanism is unclear at present. However, as most of the observed phenomena involve nonnative protein, the repeatedly reported chaperone properties of sHsps seem to be of key importance for understanding their function. In contrast to other chaperone families, sHsps bind several nonnative proteins per oligomeric complex, thus representing the most efficient chaperone family in terms of the quantity of substrate binding. In some cases, the release of substrate proteins from the sHsp complex is achieved in cooperation with Hsp70 in an ATP-dependent reaction, suggesting that the role of sHsps in the network of chaperones is to create a reservoir of nonnative refoldable protein.     

Synthesis of a new meso／microporous composite molecular sieve of MCM-41／mordenite

An MCM-41/mordenite composite with twofold porous structure and stepwise-distributed acidity was prepared for the first time by using zeolite mordenite as the silica-alumina source. The composite molecular sieve has been investigated and compared with a mechanical mixture of mordenite and MCM-41 for their structure, acidity and catalytic activity by means of XRD, N2 adsorption and desorption, HRTEM, DTG, NH3-TPD and catalytic reaction. The characterization results show that the structure and property of the composite molecular sieve are quite different from those of the mechanical mixture, which might be ascribed to the incorporation of secondary building units characteristic of zeolite mordenite into the mesoporous walls of the composite which gives rise to the thicker mesoporous walls, the higher hydrothermal stability and more strong acid sites. Furthermore, the new strategy could be used as a new general method for the preparation of catalysts for the reaction system with multifold large molecules, and the results were well confirmed by the dealkylation of C10^ aromatic hydrocarbon.     

TiO_2/S_2O_8~(2-)-沸石分子筛催化合成硬脂酸正丁酯的研究

用TiO2/S2O2-8 -沸石分子筛作催化剂,由硬脂酸和正丁醇发生酯化反应来合成硬脂酸正丁酯。考察了各种因素对酯化反应的影响,得到了反应的最佳条件:当醇和酸的物质的量之比为3∶1、TiO2/S2O2-8 沸石分子筛的用量为反应物质量的2.0%、反应温度为85 ℃时,反应仅需约2.5 h,酯化率可达到98.7%,酯的纯度>99.1%。     

不确定环境下语言信息集结算子研究

简述了语言信息集结算子的概念及其发展,根据属性权重不同划分了不确定环境下语言信息评价的类型,并对其进行了系统的分析,深入探讨了语言信息评价的研究趋势。     

虎杖苷对血栓形成及血小板与中性粒细胞间相互作用的影响

 采用电刺激大鼠颈动脉血栓形成和结扎大鼠下腔静脉方法评价虎杖苷(polydatin,PD)的抗血栓形成作用;应用玫瑰花结试验和Born比浊法观察PD对血小板与中性粒细胞之间的相互作用.实验结果显示:PD对电刺激大鼠颈动脉及结扎大鼠下腔静脉引起的血栓形成具有明显的对抗作用;PD明显抑制凝血酶引起的血小板与中性粒细胞间的粘附作用和肉豆蔻佛波醇(N-formyl-methiongl-leucyl-phenylalanine,fMLP)激活的中性粒细胞悬液引起的血小板聚集作用,其半数抑制浓度(medium inhibitory concentration,IC₅₀)分别为51.9,307.6μmol/L.本实验提示PD有明显的抗血栓形成作用,其机制与阻抑血小板与中性粒细胞间的相互作用密切相关.     

系统地理学的研究及其在鱼类上的应用

介绍了系统地理学的研究内容、理论、方法,重点介绍了AVISE的5种物种分布模式、中性溯祖理论、mtDNA多态性分析的优越性以及TEMPLETON的巢式支系法。还从地理隔离、种群扩散、基因交流、区系划分、分子钟估算等方面阐述了系统地理学在鱼类的应用研究现况和应用前景。最后提出了系统地理学在鱼类应用时要注意的事项:1)要选择合适的基因DNA片段进行分析;2)mtDNA标记最好要与核DNA标记及形态学、细胞学、生化学标记结合使用;3)要提高分子钟估算的精确度。     

模板剂对合成中孔分子筛MCM-48的影响

分别采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）、十八烷基三甲基溴化铵（STAB）表面活性剂作模板,用曲拉通X-100为辅助模板剂,正硅酸乙脂（TEOS）为硅源,在较短时间内合成了具有立方介孔结构的MCM-48.通过X射线衍射（XRD）,氮气等温吸附-脱附,透射电镜（TEM）等表征手段对3种样品进行了对比分析.讨论了2种不同表面活性剂及其辅助模板剂对介孔分子筛的晶体结构、孔径大小的影响.实验结果表明：MCM-48的孔径随着合成所用的阳离子季铵盐表面活性剂的烷基链长增长而增大,并且加入的高分子辅助模板剂可以增大介孔分子筛的孔径,同时降低了其结构的有序性.     

CTAB对不同中和度聚丙烯酸溶液粘度行为影响

利用聚丙烯酸（PAA）和聚丙烯酸钠（NaPAA）的水溶液作为溶剂,测定了不同浓度的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）在高分子溶剂中的相对粘度ηr,结果表明：对PAA溶液来说,随着CTAB浓度的增加,其ηr经历了迅速下降、保持恒定和迅速上升直到溶液中出现沉淀的过程;对NaPAA溶液来说,随着CTAB浓度的增加,其ηr虽然同样经历了迅速下降、保持恒定和迅速上升的过程,但是NaPAA溶液ηr上升幅度显著减小.当NaPAA中和度达到0.042时,NaPAA溶液ηr上升的幅度完全可以忽略,溶液也不出现沉淀.溶液中高分子链电荷密度的不同是导致PAA和NaPAA与CTAB在溶液中聚集行为不同的根本原因,具体表现为PAA溶液和NaPAA溶液ηr对CTAB浓度依赖性出现显著差异.