乳状液膜法处理草浆纸厂黑液：传质过程及膜组成研究

提出了一种新的草浆纸厂黑液处理方法－乳状液膜分离法,讨论了该方法的基本原理及传质过程,认为废水中的碱木质素以ＲＯＮａ形式选择性透过液膜,为Ｉ型促进迁移。测定了传质系数,考察了表面活性剂种类、浓度和内相酸浓度对ＣＯＤ去除率的影响,在本实验条件下,采用低电压破乳,废水中ＣＯＤ去除率可达９８％左右。     

碱性H_2O_2处理蔗渣化学浆的漂白效应

目前采用次氯骏盐漂白纸浆纤维的损伤大,废水严重污染.研究采用无污染漂白剂H_2O_2探索了总碱、碱比、预处理和漂温等对漂白过程的影响和作用机理,指出H_2SO_4预处理后的蔗渣化学浆,在NaOH用量1.5%、Na_2SiO_3用量3.5%、MgSO_4用量0.05%、70℃的漂温下漂白2小时H_2O_2消耗2.367%,经草酸适当的中和还原后,漂浆的白度从39.5%(SBD)提高到7l%,白度增值高,白度的稳定性好,得率也高,因之H_2O_2漂白剂是发展我国草浆漂白有前途的力法.     

提高非木材浆瓦楞纸板承压能力的途径

装有商品的瓦楞纸箱叠积起来时,它的侧壁承受很大的边压作用。瓦楞纸箱的承压能力主要取决于其侧壁。有些观点认为,侧壁承压能力主要取决于瓦楞纸板的面纸和芯纸的边压强度。而我们通过实验和理论分析认为,对于大多数几何尺寸的瓦楞纸箱来讲,瓦楞纸板破坏形式主要是屈曲。瓦楞纸板抵抗屈曲的能力主要与它的抗弯刚度有关。因此,抗弯刚度应该是瓦楞纸板的一个重要性能指标。利用非木材浆与适量的木浆配合,生产出具有良好抗弯刚度的瓦楞纸板是可能的。     

CHARACTERISTICS OF BENTONITE AND ITS SYNERGISTIC RETENTION EFFECT WITH CPAM ON WHEAT STRAW PULP

INTRODUCTIONIn papermaking industry, microparticle retention aid systems have been widely accepted in past decade because of their simultaneous improvements on retention and drainage but with no sacrifice in formation compared with conventional polymer retention systems. Polyacrylamide/bentonite is one of the typical microparticle retention aid systems,in which highly anionic charged bentonite is used as the microparticle component. The flocculation mechanism of this microparticle retentio…     

不同混纺比的竹浆/棉混纺纱线的力学性能研究

对不同混纺比例的竹浆／棉混纺纱线的力学性能进行了测试和分析．结果表明，随着混纺纱线中棉含量的增加，其混纺纱线的断裂伸长率呈下降趋势，断裂强力则随着混纺纱线的混纺比的变化出现一个极低值，其曲线呈下凹形；而随着竹浆／棉混纺纱线的混纺比的变化，其弹性恢复率几乎不变．     

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MODIFIED STARCH-BASED BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS EINFORCED WITH PULP FIBER

Native com starch and hydroxypropyl starch (HPS)based plastic films were prepared using the short pulp fiber as reinforcement and the glycerol as the plasticizer. The results of tensile test showed that the tensile strength and the elongation at break increased with the pulp contents. With the glycerol contents,the elongation at break increased considerably, but the tensile strength decreased. The water uptake of the films decreased with the pulp contents and hydroxypropylation, but increased with the glycerol contents. So it is concluded that the films was reinforced by pulp fiber and hydroxypropylation.     

INFLUENCE OF NON-PROCESS ELEMENTS ON REED PULP′S CHARACTERS DURING OXYGEN DELIGNIFICATION

A series of Reed Pulps were prepared in which the level of Non-Process Elements (NPEs), including calcium, manganese,copper,iron were seclectively enriched and depleted, these pulps were then oxygen delignification,and the pulps were characterized according to kappa number, viscosity,brightness. The results indicated that the enrichment of NPEs have an important effulence on delignification,pulp viscosity and brightness, iron is the most harmful during oxygen delignification but manganese is just like a kind of aid and can enhance brightness and delignification.     

芳纶短纤维/芳纶浆粕增强制备高性能氯丁橡胶复合材料

对芳纶短纤维和芳纶浆粕进行微观结构表征和热失重分析,系统地研究了芳纶短纤维和芳纶浆粕对橡胶复合材料基本物理性能、动态力学性能和动刚度的影响。结果表明,芳纶短纤维为巨原纤模型;芳纶浆粕为微纤模型,呈羽绒状。芳纶短纤维在500 ℃降解,650 ℃左右降解基本完全;芳纶浆粕在350 ℃左右开始降解,500 ℃左右迅速降解,直到650 ℃左右降解基本完全。芳纶短纤维/芳纶浆粕增强制备的氯丁橡胶复合材料的撕裂强度、拉断伸长率、屈挠性能随着芳纶短纤维/芳纶浆粕并用比值减小而提高,但其动刚度减小。动态力学性能表明芳纶短纤维与芳纶浆粕并用比为10:10时,有相对较高的储能模量,较低的损耗模量和损耗因子,动态疲劳性能较好。     

微波辐射硫酸盐-蒽醌法麦草制浆研究

密闭条件下用微波辐射进行麦草硫酸盐蒽醌法制浆,通过不同药品用量、液比和微波功率的单因素实验.当用碱量为14％、硫化度为2％、液比1∶7、功率450 W时,纸浆得率在50.08％,卡伯值在18.19左右.实验为微波辐射用于传统制浆工艺奠定了一定的实践基础.     

蔗渣浆的全无氯漂白工艺

对蔗渣浆采用过氧化氢强化的氧脱木素(OP)-螯合预处理(Q)-压力过氧化氢漂白(PO)的短序漂白,探讨了将蔗渣浆漂至82%ISO和用非硅过氧化氢漂白稳定剂代替硅酸钠用于过氧化氢漂白的可行性.研究表明,非硅过氧化氢稳定剂PP-1与PP-2耐高温、耐高压,可用于压力过氧化氢漂白.OP段氢氧化钠用量为2.0%(相对于绝干浆质量,下同)、过氧化氢用量为0.5%,PO段过氧化氢用量为3.0%、PP-1用量为0.1%、PP-2用量为0.5%时,蔗渣浆采用OPQPO流程漂白后,浆的白度可达到85%ISO.而且OPQPO从根本上消除了可吸附有机卤化物的产生;经测定,漂白废水属于可生物降解废水.