Terrestrial isopods and myriapods in a forested scree slope: subterranean biodiversity,depth gradient and annual dynamics

Diversity, depth distribution and seasonal activity of isopods and myriapods were studied using subterranean traps buried in a forested limestone scree slope in the ?ierna Hora Mts, Western Carpathians, Slovakia, throughout the depth gradient from 5 to 95 cm. A total of five isopod, 13 diplopod and 11 chilopod species were identified. Most edaphic species strongly preferred the uppermost organic soil layers. Among the species captured, some represented rare stenoecous Carpathian endemics, namely the isopod Trichoniscus carpaticus, and diplopods Julus curvicornis and Leptoiulus mariae. Others were subterranean forms, partly adapted to hypogean conditions: the isopod Mesoniscus graniger, and diplopods Mecogonopodium carpathicum and Trachysphaera costata. The annual activity in the vast majority of the species ceased completely in winter, and was gradually relaunched in spring. In evaluating the age structure of two predominant diplopods Polydesmus denticulatus and Mecogonopodium carpathicum, both widespread across the depth gradient, a vertical segregation of early post-embryonic stages was found. While P. denticulatus tended to undergo the early stages of development in the soil-filled topmost levels, the early juvenile stage of M. carpathicum was distributed deep in the scree slope profile.     

A Time‐Simultaneous Prediction Box for a Multivariate Time Series

A sample‐based method in Kolsrud (Journal of Forecasting 2007; 26 (3): 171–188) for the construction of a time‐simultaneous prediction band for a univariate time series is extended to produce a variable‐ and time‐simultaneous prediction box for a multivariate time series. A measure of distance based on the L_∞ ‐norm is applied to a learning sample of multivariate time trajectories, which can be mean‐ and/or variance‐nonstationary. Based on the ranking of distances to the centre of the sample, a subsample of the most central multivariate trajectories is selected. A prediction box is constructed by circumscribing the subsample with a hyperrectangle. The fraction of central trajectories selected into the subsample can be calibrated by bootstrap such that the expected coverage of the box equals a prescribed nominal level. The method is related to the concept of data depth, and thence modified to increase coverage. Applications to simulated and empirical data illustrate the method, which is also compared to several other methods in the literature adapted to the multivariate setting. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

乌苏里江水深遥感反演

文中在分析卫星遥感测深机理的基础上,利用SVCHR-1024高光谱成像仪确定了可见光反演水深的最佳波段,通过对HJ星CCD数据各波段反射率、波段比值组合对水体、水深的敏感性分析,建立了适合于乌苏里江的单波段对数水深反演模型,从而快速获取乌苏里江河道地形信息,并探测了河道深泓线,整体精度达到80%以上.遥感反演水深可快速探测河道深泓线的方法,为乌苏里江河势演变研究提供了新的思路.     

Differential space-time modulation in rapidly fading channels

Previously proposed differential modulation schemes for time-varying channels may not achieve the full transmit diversity and the maximum Doppler diversity simultaneously. Based on an existing basis expansion model, a new differential space-time code, which wisely combines interleaver/de-interleaver with traditonal space-time transmitting technique to overcome such limitation, .is presented. Two noncoherent differential decoders, named decision-feedback differential detector （DF-DD） and Viterbi-algorithmbased multiple-symbol-detection differential detector （ MSD-DD）, are also derived. We show that our design may recover data symbols with full antenna diversity and the maximum Doppler diversity at high signal-to-noise ratio. System performance is evaluated with simulations.     

二元序列的广义导数

给出了序列周期的另一类定义,研究了周期二元序列的广义导数序列的周期性,得到了周期二元序列的广义导数序列的一些性质,并进一步探讨了周期分别为2N和2N-1的二元序列的广义导数。     

卫星电视接收系统门限效应的定量分析

门限电平的定量分析对卫生电视系统提高接收微弱信号的能力具有重要的指导作用。从卫星电视系统调频解调的调制增益出发，分析了调频的特点，给出了调频改善度的表达式，进而得出调频门限效应的概念。针对低输入载噪比条例下，S／N与C／N不再满足线性关系，并使输出信噪比急剧下降，此时将脉冲噪声影响考虑进来，对鉴频器输出信噪比进行更深入分析推导，得到调频门限的具体表达公式。通过结论能找到影响调频门限的主要因素，并为提高输出信噪比的技术措施提供依据。     

伪随机码调相与正弦调频复合引信

该文给出导弹近炸引信采用伪随机码调相和正弦调频连续波复合调制的方法和这种体制引信的优越性。文章讨论信号波形参数的选择原则和对引信系统的影响．     

采面底板应力计算及应用

本文利用弹性理论推导了煤层底板任意点的应力计算公式。提出了通过计算岩石的强度指数来预计煤层底板的破坏深度。依据底板破坏深度与承压水的“原始导高”的关系预测煤层底板突水的可能性,并以现场实测数据验证了这种计算方法的可靠性。图5,表2,参考文献2。     

基于可编程图形处理器的实时景深模拟

一幅具有景深效果的图，其显著特征是图像部分清晰部分模糊。基于这一特点，在景深的计算机仿真中，首先由计算机对三维场景成像，并将该场景存储为纹理，此纹理为清晰的场景纹理。成像时通过顶点编程，于α通道中存储了物体距离聚焦面的深度信息。然后对场景纹理进行多次均值滤波生成模糊的场景纹理，最后以清晰场景纹理的α值为插值系数将两幅纹理进行融合而模拟出景深效果。算法充分利用了图形处理器（GPU）的多纹理技术和可编程性，将运算从CPU转移至GPU，很好地仿真了景深效果，且满足实时性要求，可应用于虚拟现实系统。