烟气中的CO2对CaO吸附痕量硒元素的影响

在700℃左右的中温范围,CaO能够通过化学吸附作用脱除燃煤烟气中的有毒痕量元素——硒(存在形式为SeO2)。为探索烟气中的CO2对CaO吸附硒能力的影响,利用热重分析仪(TGA)进行吸附反应试验,通过CaO样品质量变化确定反应速率,并利用原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)确定CaO的硒吸附量。试验发现:CaO吸附SeO2的能力大于其吸附CO2的能力,SeO2能够置换被CaO吸附的CO2,进而与CaO结合;当存在高浓度的CO2时,痕量的SeO2气体仍然可以被CaO吸附;在700~760℃范围内,由于CO2竞争作用的影响,CaO的固硒能力降低12%~35%;CO2的竞争影响随温度的升高而减小。     

半解析数值法分析四边自由中厚板的受力特性

根据Reissner中厚板理论,结合胡海昌的解耦函数法,本文构造出一种能满足全部自由边界条件的试函数,并以此建立两个广义位移,用该位移求得双参数地基上四边自由矩形中厚板弯曲问题的解析解.利用最小平方误差法并结合数值算例,重点探讨了板弯剪刚度比、地基刚度以及地基剪切模量对弹性地基上四边自由中厚板受力特性影响规律.结果显示:(1)Vlazov地基模型优于Winkle地基模型,因为它考虑了地基剪切刚度的影响,使得板的内力和挠度均有减小,发挥了地基的潜力;(2)当地基刚度较小时,地基的剪切模量对板的挠度和内力的影响显著;当地基的刚度较大时,剪切模量对板的内力和挠度的影响不明显.本文计算精度高,计算工作量小且便于对参数进行分析,以及提供数值分析法判据等多项特点.     

AMSR-E微波数据反演裸地地表温度算法研究

利用AMSR-E被动微波数据,以撒哈拉沙漠地区为研究对象,基于搭载在同一颗卫星上的AMSR-E传感器和MODIS传感器同步观测成像的特点,将MODIS数据反演得到的裸地地表温度产品进行尺度上推.作为AMSR-E像元尺度的地表真实温度.在分析AMSR-E不同通道微波探测值所包含的不同信息特点的基础上,选出反演裸地地表温度较为有效的探测通道,利用多元线性回归的方法,建立经尺度上推后对应AMSR-E尺度的MODIS地表温度与AMSR-E各通道亮温之间的对应关系同,从而实现利用AMSR-E被动微波数据反演裸地地表温度的算法.经验证,反演计算的裸地地表温度误差在±3 K之间.该方法不仅对时间和空间的变化有一定的适应性.而且具有一定的物理意义,演结果可以较好地反映裸地地表温度的变化情况.     

Classification of vegetation in North Tibet Plateau based on MODIS time-series data

Based on the 16d-composite MODIS （moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer）-NDVI（normalized difference vegetation index） time-series data in 2004, vegetation in North Tibet Plateau was classified and seasonal variations on the pixels selected from different vegetation type were analyzed. The Savitzky-Golay filtering algorithm was applied to perform a filtration processing for MODIS-NDVI time-series data. The processed time-series curves can reflect a real variation trend of vegetation growth. The NDVI time-series curves of coniferous forest, high-cold meadow, high-cold meadow steppe and high-cold steppe all appear a mono-peak model during vegetation growth with the maximum peak occurring in August. A decision-tree classification model was established according to either NDVI time-series data or land surface temperature data. And then, both classifying and processing for vegetations were carried out through the model based on NDVI time-series curves. An accuracy test illustrates that classification results are of high accuracy and credibility and the model is conducive for studying a climate variation and estimating a vegetation production at regional even global scale.     

The influence of moderate ENSO on summer rainfall in eastern China and its comparison with strong ENSO

The 6 major ENSO events since 1979 are classified into the strong and moderate ENSO based on intensity. The composite analysis is performed to reveal the influence of ENSO on East Asian summer monsoon （EASM） and summer rainfall in eastern China. It is shown that the influence is changed with the seasonal cycle in summer, with a weaker influence in June and a stronger influence in August, indicating a long lagged effect of ENSO on EASM. Besides, the circulation and rainfall anomalies caused by the strong ENSO are also stronger with an earlier starting time, while the influence of the moderate ENSO is evident in August. The composite summer rainfall in eastern China for the moderate ENSO exhibits a northern rainfall pattern, which is totally different from the classical ENSO-type rainfall pattern. Based on the composite analysis, two moderate ENSO years with a similar intensity （i.e., 1995 and 2003） are compared. The result shows that, the response of EASM to the moderate ENSO during June and July is, to a certain degree, modulated by the circulation systems in mid-high latitudes of Eurasia and in the Southern Hemisphere, thereby inducing a different rainfall distribution in eastern China. In comparison with the strong ENSO in 1983, it is further revealed that, the strong ENSO plays a dominant role in summer rainfall anomalies in eastern China as well as in controlling the influence of the other factors on EASM. The strong ENSO is therefore different with the moderate ENSO.     

NBA季后赛在比赛相持阶段运动员心理状态对进攻影响的研究

运用文献资料、录像观察统计、数据分析等方法,对NBA2006—2007赛季季后赛16支球队运动员在比赛相持阶段心理状态处于过度紧张和适度紧张时对球队配合和个人进攻的影响进行分析研究,结果表明：1）主客场是影响篮球运动员心理状态变化的主要因素;2）运动员在心理过度紧张状态下比适度紧张状态下的个人进攻和配合进攻成功率都要低;3）运动员心理状态处于过度紧张时,采用突破或靠近篮下的得分方式调整心理状态比较有效;4）运动员在心理状态处于过度紧张时,在基础配合中以传切配合为主,其成功率最高;5）运动员心理状态过度紧张时对篮板球的保护和冲抢意识要明显低心理状态处于适度紧张状态下的运动员,快攻成功率也低于处于适度紧张状态。     

中温COS水解催化剂氢解活性的评价

通过研究空速、温度以及氢气含量的改变对COS水解转化率的影响,对水解催化剂的氢解活性进行了评价,基于实验结果,指出空速和温度对催化剂活性的影响较大,空速越大,催化剂活性越低;催化剂活性随温度升高呈抛物线形状变化;氢气含量的改变对催化剂活性影响不明显。对固定床反应器上COS氢解活性进行了研究,以期为中温脱除COS提供技术和工艺支持。     

中轻度智力残疾人职业体能体育手段干预的训练学研究

通过对中轻度智力残疾人的社会适应行为和认知特征进行分析,结合劳动图谱的训练学特点,对智力残疾人职业体能干预的可行性进行理论论证,构建职业体能拓展的训练学原则、方法和手段,并提出相关注意事项。     

Estimation of net surface shortwave radiation from land surface temperature in regional scale

The method to estimate NSSR (net surface shortwave radiation) from LST (land surface temperature) in regional scale is discussed. First, an elliptical model between the time series of normalized LST and NSSR was developed using the daily evolution of LST and NSSR. Second, time series of LST and NSSR were simulated by common land model (CoLM) and were proved to be of high accuracy. On the basis of these, a non-linear least square ellipse fitting using the genetic algorithm method was used to fit the normalized LST and NSSR. Finally, LST was inverted using MODIS (moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer) data with the split-window algorithm, and the regional NSSR was then estimated with LST and an elliptical model. The validation result shows that the derived average NSSR of 50×50 pixels of MODIS data was quite close to the observed data, and the distribution was reasonable, which indicates that the proposed method was capable of estimating NSSR on a regional scale.     

中厚板淬火热弹性马氏体相变潜热模型

采用扩展体积法预测中低碳中厚板淬火过程马氏体转变量,进而基于修正热弹性变温马氏体相变动力学,引入阻滞函数描述相界面阻力的热滞,建立马氏体转变动力函数并描述其与“理想”自由能函数和阻滞函数的关系.在此基础上,引入阻滞焓来表征阻滞界面所具有的焓,通过计算可逆弹性能和不可逆功,利用吉布斯函数变化计算相变潜热,建立相变潜热模型.用该模型进行的计算机模拟结果和实验结果吻合良好,表明这种理论处理方法可用来模拟中低碳中厚板淬火过程马氏体相变.