基于LC-MS/MS策略建立十字花科黑腐病菌蛋白质表达谱的方法研究

【目的】建立十字花科黑腐病菌(Xanthomonas campestris pv.campestris,Xcc)的蛋白质组学研究平台,用于分离、鉴定该菌的致病相关蛋白质。【方法】Xcc 8004经过液体培养,分别提取胞内蛋白质和胞外蛋白质,对所有蛋白质进行液体酶解,通过强阳离子交换色谱预分离多肽混合物,预分离后的馏分采用EASY-nLC结合LTQ-Orbitrap质谱鉴定蛋白质表达谱。【结果】建立了基于bottom-up策略的蛋白质组鉴定方法,采用第一维离子交换预分离和第二维反相色谱分离结合,实现了高通量鉴定蛋白质组表达谱的技术体系。通过SEQUEST检索,在胞内蛋白质样品中共鉴定蛋白质数目为1595个,胞外蛋白质样品共鉴定蛋白质数目为1241个。【结论】建立的LC-MS/MS方法适合用于十字花科黑腐病菌蛋白质组学的研究,为研究微生物植物相互作用奠定了方法与理论基础。     

蛋白质组亲和分离研究(Ⅰ)蛋白质氨基生物素化反应条件的研究

运用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的方法,以马心肌红蛋白为代表研究蛋白质氨基生物素化的条件,包括蛋白质与生物素量的关系、反应物浓度、反应完全所需的时间以及蛋白质助溶剂对反应的影响等,为基于生物素—抗生物素蛋白质相互作用的亲和分离,简化复杂蛋白质组体系,实现蛋白质的分析鉴定奠定基础。     

过度训练状态下大鼠心肌线粒体内钙和MDA、心肌ACP和β-葡萄糖醛酸酶变化的动态观察

为了研究过度训练状态下心肌组织损伤的变化规律,采用建立一般训练和过度训练大鼠模型,应用形态学手段和分子生化技术,对训练后两组大鼠心肌线粒体内钙含量、脂质过氧化反应产物丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、心肌组织匀浆内酸性磷酸酶(Acid Phosphatase,ACP)和β葡萄糖醛酸酶(Beta-glucuronidase)做了定位和定量研究.结果表明,第4周末,一般训练组和过度训练组大鼠心肌线粒体内钙含量、MDA和GSH-px、SOD活性和心肌ACP、β-葡萄糖醛酸酶的活性未见异常改变(P＞0.05).但是第8周末,过度训练组心肌线粒体内钙和MDA含量明显升高,GSH含量和SOD活性明显降低;心肌ACP和β葡萄糖醛酸酶明显增加.结果提示过度训练后心肌细胞发生了病理性变化,这些变化可能与线粒体内钙积聚和自由基损伤有关.     

淡水鱼类线粒体DNA D-loop基因的引物设计和应用

 线粒体DNA测序已广泛应用于鉴定和区分种类以及解决系统进化关系问题。本文选取已测定的主要淡水鱼类的线粒体DNA D-loop基因序列进行同源性比较,寻找保守序列,利用简并性原则设计一对通用的简并引物。利用设计的引物对广东省珠江流域主要的淡水鱼类线粒体DNA D-loop控制区基因进行扩增,均能获得单一的目的DNA片断,特异性扩增产物大小为1 kb左右。经测序及与GenBank同源序列的比较,证实为包含线粒体控制区全序列的扩增产物。本研究所设计的引物和应用的方法可以快速地同时对多种鱼类进行大规模的遗传背景分析,鉴定某些难于鉴别的近缘物种,为我国鱼类的种类鉴定、地理种群鉴别及种质资源的评估提供重要的工具。     

Molecular phylogeny of major lineages of the avian family Phasianidae inferred from complete mitochondrial genome sequences

Phasianidae is a large family of birds which contains most of the gallinaceous birds of the world. So far, the taxonomic status of many genera within Phasianidae has been controversial. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the white-eared pheasant (Crossoption crossoptilon) was determined in this study. Combining this with other previously published mitochondrial genome sequences, we reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships of Phasianidae and related species using maximum parsimony (MP), maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods. All analyses yielded a similar and well-supported topology, in which Crossoptilon grouped with Lophura. Perdix dauurica was sister taxon to the gallopheasants with high support, and Pucrasia was sister to this clade and separate from the other tragopans. Tetraophasis and Lophophorus grouped together, with Tragopan as the sister taxon. In addition, our results indicated that Meleagris clustered with Bonasa forming a monophyletic clade embedded in the pheasant‐partridge clade and the turkey–grouse lineage should be considered a part of the pheasant–partridge radiation.     

蛋白质组及其在原虫领域中的研究进展

近十几年来,蛋白质组学的研究技术得到了很大发展。质谱技术,比较蛋白质组方法,研究蛋白质相互作用的酵母双杂交技术等的发展,极大地推进了蛋白质组研究的进程。原虫作为单细胞的真核动物,虽体积微小但能独立完成生命活动的全部生理机能,其中近万种原虫为寄生性原虫,它们常寄生在动物体内或体表使其致病,从而对人类及牲畜造成极大的危害。因此,原虫蛋白质组作为蛋白质组学研究的一个分支也迅速发展起来。到目前为止,世界上已有73种原虫的基因组已完成或正在进行测序工作,并且大部分已经进入了蛋白质组研究的工作。本文综述了一些具有代表性的原虫蛋白质组的研究情况,如：溶组织性阿米巴,布氏锥虫,间日疟原虫等,同时阐述了它们的致病机理、诊断及疫苗等方面的蛋白质组研究。     

黑果枸杞提取物基于内质网应激和线粒体自噬调控HepG2细胞自噬

基于线粒体自噬和内质网应激,探究黑果枸杞提取物(L ycium ruthenicum Murray extraction,LRME)对HepG2细胞自噬的调控作用.采用流式细胞术检测HepG2细胞周期,通过qRT-PCR和Western blot测定内质网应激、线粒体自噬和自噬关键基因的表达水平.结果 表明:HepG2...     

中国两性生殖卤虫早期胚胎发育蛋白的双向电泳条件优化

采用双向电泳技术对中国卤虫胚胎发育到5 h时的蛋白组进行研究与分析.考察不同条件对双向电泳结果的影响,分别从上样量、染色方法、分离胶浓度等3方面进行研究.实验结果显示上样量为400 μg时图谱的斑点数较多;采用银染法所得实验结果优于考染;同时分离胶浓度为10%时所得蛋白斑点数较多.优化的实验条件为进一步研究中国卤虫蛋白组奠定基础.     

Phylogenetic relationships of host insects of Cordyceps sinensis inferred from mitochondrial Cytochrome b sequences

This study used the sequence of the mitochondrial Cytochrome b(Cytb)to estimate phylogenetic relationships among host Hepialidae insects of Cordyceps sinensis.Genome DNA of host insect was extracted from the dead larva head part of 18 cordyceps populations and 2 species of Hepialus,and the Cytb fragment of host insect was amplified with PCR technique.The nucleotide sequence alignments and their homologous sequences of 24 species host Hepialidae insects of Cordyceps sinensis were obtained from GenBank and were used to construct phylogenetic trees based on neighbor-joining method.The results showed that genus Bipectilus diverged earlier than genus Hepialus and Hepialiscus.Hepialus host insects of Cordyceps sinensis have multitudinous species with different morphological characteristics and geographical distributions.The interspecific genetic differentiations are obvious in Hepialus.Thus,the genus Hepialus might be considered as polyphyletic origin.Cytb sequences have abundant variations among the host insects of Cordyceps sinensis on spe- cific and generic level.The divergence rate of Cytb sequences among the species in Hepialus ranged from 0.23% to 9.24%,except that Hepialus pratensis and Hepialus jinshaensis have the same sequence.Cytb sequence can be used for species identification of host insects of Cordyceps sinensis,but further confirmation in more host insect species is needed.To obtain the Cytb sequence of host insect by ampli- fying DNA extracted from the head part of dead larva in cordyceps turns out to be an effective and accurate approach,which will be useful for studies on phylogeny and genetic structure of host insects of cordyceps populations,especially for analyzing relationships between C. sinensis and its host insects.     

Properties and nucleotide sequence of linear plasmid-like DNA pC4 from mitochondria ofCucumis sativus

Four kinds of mitochondrial plasmid-like DNAs, designated pC1, pC2, pC3 and pC4, were detected in Cucumis sativus Jinyan No. 4. The electron microscopy observation showed that pC4 was linear conformation. Complete sequence of pC4 was cloned into pUC19 with E. coli JM109 as host. Sequence analysis revealed that pC4 was 370 bp long, the shortest one among all the reported mitochondrial plasmid-like DNAs. pC4 was AT rich. It contained terminal direct repeat sequence (35 bp in length)as well as many short direct and inverted repeats. ORFs in pC4 were short. pC4 was found to be homologous to nuclear DNAs, but lack homology with main mitochondrial and chloroplast DNAs. pC4-homologous sequence also occurred in nuclear genome of Jinyan No. 7 which contained no mitochondrial plasmid-like DNAs. The hybridization pattern of Jinyan No. 7 was slightly different from that of Jinyan No. 4. This suggested that pC4 occurred at the forepart of Cucumis sativus species divergence and integrated into the nuclear genome, and the pC4-homologous sequence in nucleus varied during species diverging.