The total cost of misclassification in credit scoring: A comparison of generalized linear models and generalized additive models

This study examines whether the evaluation of a bankruptcy prediction model should take into account the total cost of misclassification. For this purpose, we introduce and apply a validity measure in credit scoring that is based on the total cost of misclassification. Specifically, we use comprehensive data from the annual financial statements of a sample of German companies and analyze the total cost of misclassification by comparing a generalized linear model and a generalized additive model with regard to their ability to predict a company's probability of default. On the basis of these data, the validity measure we introduce shows that, compared to generalized linear models, generalized additive models can reduce substantially the extent of misclassification and the total cost that this entails. The validity measure we introduce is informative and justifies the argument that generalized additive models should be preferred, although such models are more complex than generalized linear models. We conclude that to balance a model's validity and complexity, it is necessary to take into account the total cost of misclassification.     

城市生活垃圾处理技术方案选择浅析

主要分析了4种生活垃圾处理技术方案,介绍了二恶英类的危害与防治,并指出采用无害化综合处理技术处理城市生活垃圾的方案是合理的。     

如何提高数字网络语音室系统中自主学习模式的使用效率

探讨了数字网络语音室系统在听力教学中的优势，提出了一个提高其使用效率的解决方案。     

A comparison of optimization theories for energy conservation in heat exchanger groups

In general,thermal processes can be classified into two categories: heat-work conversion processes and heat transfer processes. Correspondingly,the optimization of thermal processes has to have two different criteria:the well known entropy generation minimization method and the recently proposed entransy dissipation maximization method. This study analyzes the thermal issues in a heat exchanger group,and optimizes the unit arrangements under different constraints based on a suitable optimization crite-rion. The result indicates that the principle of minimum entropy generation rate is valid for optimizing heat exchangers in a ther-modynamic cycle with given boundary temperatures. In contrast,the entransy dissipation maximization is more suitable in heat exchanger optimizations involving only heat transfer processes. Furthermore,the entropy generation rate induced by dumping used streams into ambient surroundings has to be taken into account,except for that originating from the hot and cold-ends of heat exchangers,when using the entropy generation minimization to optimize heat exchangers undergoing a thermodynamic cycle.     

优势区相图的计算机软件开发及应用

根据国内外的优势区相图计算机研究状况，作者采用化学势最小约束原理开发了一种新算法，并给出了新算法的程序框图和应用实例．新算法通用性强，效率高，便于计算机处理，能自动回收数据．     

基于活动轮廓模型的DP修正算法

活动轮廓模型（ｓｎａｋｅ）是在现时图像处理和计算机视觉中用于实现对象的边缘检测或轮廓提取的有效工具．本文在讨论用最优化方法——动态规划（ＤＰ）算法求解ｓｎａｋｅ 最小能量的基础上提出了对ＤＰ的修正算法,给出了计算机模拟结果．     

基于加权L1范数的CS-DOA算法

针对基于L1范数约束的压缩感知理论的恢复算法出现虚假目标,恶化DOA估计性能的问题,提出了一种基于加权L1范数的CS-DOA估计算法.该算法利用噪声子空间与信号子空间的正交性,构造了一个加权矩阵,然后对L1范数约束模型进行加权.通过此加权处理,该算法能够使恢复的系数向量具有更好的稀疏性,并能有效地抑制伪峰,从而获得更精确的DOA估计.仿真结果验证了算法的有效性.     

废水零排放的一种复合型方法

提出了一种复合型零排放方法．即通过回用、再生回用、再生循环实施的废水最小化来确定系统中最小新鲜水耗量，然后采用分布式废水治理系统，利用常规治理方法使废水达到深度治理要求的进口浓度．深度治理产生足够品质的水通过再生循环可满足新鲜水使用过程的用水要求．实例证明了废水零排放的可能性和所提方法的可行性．     

求解等式约束的二次规划问题

我们在此文中利用一类解决亚定相容线性等式与不等式组的直接方法，提出了一求解等式约束的二次规划问题的算法，讨论了算法的良好性质，实现步骤及收敛性，数值结果表明了算法的有效性。     

指数自回归模型的辨识的研究

本文讨论了指数自回归模型的辨识问题，证明了该模型的最小二乘问题的非凸性，并给出其保证凸性的条件，最后运用混合算法，辨识了该模型，并用数值算例加以说明。