应用形态标记对籽瓜品种(系)的聚类分析

对籽用西瓜的８个品种（系）西瓜种内的其它４个西瓜品种（系）选取１４项形态标记，采用ＵＰＧＭＡ法进行聚类分析，其中Ｑ型聚类的结果分别对应用于西瓜种的不同亚种，变种，与前人报道的基本相符；Ｒ型聚类分析表明了所选形态标记的独立性和正确性，从而验Ｑ型聚类分析的准确性。     

代谢组学法分析宫颈癌患者血清小分子代谢产物的初步研究

目的对宫颈癌患者血清进行代谢组学分析,以寻求潜在的宫颈癌肿瘤标志物.方法运用气相色谱/质谱法(gaschromatography/mass spectrometry,GC/MS)对宫颈癌患者和正常人的血清样本进行代谢组学分析,原始数据经过markerlynx XS软件处理,采用正交偏最小二乘辨别分析法进行分析(Orthognnal to partial least squares discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA),两组间结果采用t检验,寻找两组间差异性代谢产物.结果检测到血清中代谢产物共53种,多变量统计结果证明宫颈癌患者与对照组血清的代谢谱有明显差异.结论利用代谢组学法能筛选出宫颈癌患者,其代谢物对宫颈癌的诊断和治疗具有重要意义,并以此可以寻找宫颈癌新的肿瘤生物学标志物.     

俄罗斯鲟雌核发育诱导及其后代的微卫星分析

通过冷休克和热休克法诱导2组俄罗斯鲟Acipenser gueldenstaedtii雌核发育,分别获得俄罗斯鲟的冷休克雌核发育组M1和热休克雌核发育组M2。利用6对具有高多态性的微卫星分子标记,分别对雌核发育系M1中的20尾鱼苗、M2中的40尾鱼苗、双亲及对照组20尾鱼苗基因组进行PCR扩增,并对结果进行基因型分析。分别得到2个雌核发育家系的期望杂合度(He)、等位基因数(A)和等位基因频率(P)。结果表明:冷休克雌核发育组的平均期望杂合度为0.591,平均等位基因数为6.0,等位基因频率为0.010～0.708;热休克雌核发育组的平均期望杂合度为0.687,平均等位基因数为5.5,等位基因频率为0.006～0.774。以父本特异微卫星条带作为诊断性标记,对雌核发育后代进行鉴定,结果发现在冷休克组和热休克组中分别存在40%和27.5%的杂交后代,此结果与表型鉴定结果相一致。另外,与母本基因型相比较,发现在冷休克组和热休克组中分别存在10%和15%的单倍体个体。只在热休克组中发现了完全的雌核发育后代,占总数的22.5%。冷休克和热休克雌核发育家系中除了单倍体后代,杂交后代和完全雌核发育后代外,还发现了不同程度的基因重组后代。     

Exclusive gene mapping of congenital microphthalmia in a Chinese family

Congenital microphthalmia is a developmental ocular disorder and might be caused by the mutations in the genes involved in eye development. To uncover the genetic cause in a six-generation Chinese pedigree with autosomal dominant congenital microphthalmia, we performed genescan and linkage analysis in this family. Fourteen microsatellite markers on chromosomes 3, 11, 14 and 15 were selected as genetic markers according to the five pre-viously reported loci associated with microphthalmia (MITF, SOX2, PAX6, MCOP and NNO2). The genomic DNA of each member in the pedigree was amplified with 14 pairs of fluorescence labeled primers. Genome screening and genotyping were conducted on ABI377 DNA sequencer and linkage analysis was performed with Linkage software package. All two-point LOD scores of linkage analysis between the suggested disease genes and microsatellite markers were <-2, which indicated that none of the five genes were responsible for microphthalmia in this Chinese family. Microphthalmia in this family may be caused by mutation in a new gene which is essential in eye development.     

Genetic diversity of Chinese summer soybean germplasm revealed by SSR markers

There are abundant soybean germplasm in China. In order to assess genetic diversity of Chinese summer soybean germplasm, 158 Chinese summer soybean accessions from the primary core collection of G max were used to analyze genetic variation at 67 SSR loci. A total of 460 alleles were detected, in which 414 and 419 alleles occurred in the 80 Huanghuai and the 78 Southern summer accessions, respectively. The average number of alleles per locus was 6.9 for all the summer accessions, and 6.2 for both Huanghuai and Southern summer accessions. Marker diversity (D) per locus ranged from 0.414 to 0.905 with an average of 0.735 for all the summer accessions, from 0.387 to 0.886 with an average of 0.708 for the Huanghuai summer accessions, and from 0.189 to 0.884 with an average of 0.687 for the Southern summer accessions. The Huanghuai and Southern summer germplasm were different in the specific alleles, allelic-frequencies and pairwise genetic similarities. UPGMA cluster analysis based on the similarity data clearly separated the Huanghuai from Southern summer soybean accessions, suggesting that they were different gene pools. The results indicate that Chinese Huanghuai and Southern summer soybean germplasm can be used to enlarge genetic basis for developing elite summer soybean cultivars by exchanging their germplasm.     

Four kinds of ENU-induced white spot mice and chromosome locations of the mutant genes

After the accomplishment of the Human Genome Project, life sciences have entered a post-genome era to systematically study gene functions on a large scale[1]. Because of its similarity to humanity in genomic se-quences, biochemical metabolism and physiological mechanism, Mus musculus is the ideal model animal in the study of functional genome. As the publication of the draft map of mouse genome sequences in December 2002, studying gene functions by mouse enters a new stage[2]. So far, there …     

Characterization and mapping of a white panicle mutant gene in rice

A spontaneous white panicle mutant was found from the F6 progenies of an indicajaponica cross.The mutant exhibits white stripes on its basal leaves while the panicles,rachis and pedicel are milky white colored at flowering stage.Genetic analysis in an F2 population from the cross of Zhi7/white panicle mutant indicates that the white panicle phenotype is controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene,tentatively termed as wp(t).Using microsatellite markers,the wp(t) gene was anchored between the markers of SSR101 and SSR63.9 with a map distance of 2.3 and 0.8cM,respectively,and co-segregated with the marker of SSR17 on rice chromosome 1.     

Fine mapping of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ht2 (Helminthosporium turcicum</Emphasis> resistance 2) gene in maize

Fine mapping of Helminthosporium turcicum resistance gene Ht2 is extremely valuable for map-based cloning of the Ht2 gene,gaining a better knowledge of the distribution of resistance genes in maize genome and marker-assisted selection in maize breeding.An F2 mapping population was developed from a cross between a resistant inbred line 77Ht2 and a susceptible inbred line Huobai.With the aid of RFLP marker analyses,the Ht2 gene was mapped between the RFLP markers UMC89 and BNL2.369on chromosome 8,with a genetic distance of 0.9cM to BNL2.369.There was a linkage between SSR markers UMC1202,BNLG1152,UMC1149 and the Ht2 gene by SSR assay,Among the SSR markers,the genetic distance between UMC1149 and the Ht2 gene was 7.2cM,By bulked segregant analysis 7 RAPD-amplified products which were probably linked to the Ht2 gene were selected after screening 450 RAPD primers and converted the single-copy ones into SCAR markers.Linkage analysis showed that the genetic distance between the SCAR marker SD-06633 and the Ht2 gene was 0.4cM.From these results,a part of linkage map around the Ht2 gene was constructed.     

耐温牙鲆分子标记辅助选育研究

应用分子标记进行耐温牙鲆的辅助选育.首先应用已知的与耐温性为极显著负相关的牙鲆微卫星引物Po42对50尾牙鲆亲鱼DNA进行PCR分析,根据PCR分析结果将其分成耐温组和非耐温组.经过人工催产,耐温组的产卵量明显大于非耐温组和对照组.耐温组繁育的子代仔鱼变态率明显比非耐温组和对照组子代高.在人工增温的条件下,耐温组仔鱼成活率比非耐温组和对照组的仔鱼显著提高.本研究结果证明,牙鲆微卫星引物Po42可用于耐温牙鲆的分子标记辅助选育,同时也进一步确认其与牙鲆耐温性状具有关联性.