反相流动注射催化光度法测定痕量钒的研究

基于在非离子表面活性剂ＯＰ存在下，以柠檬酸作活化剂，钒（Ⅴ）对溴酸钠氧化溴酚蓝褪色的催化作用，建立了痕量钒的反相流动注射分析（ｒＦＩＡ）新方法。方法的线性范围为２．３－２００μｇ／Ｌ，检出限为２．３μｇ／Ｌ钒（Ｖ）。对４０μｇ／Ｌ钒（Ｖ）平行测定１１次的相对标准偏差为１．８％，进样频率为１６次／ｈ。方法应用于水样中痕量钒的测定，并进行回收试验，回收率为９３－１０５％。     

Synergetic enhancement of photoconductivity in chlorodiane blue /oxotitanylphthalocyanine composites

The nonlinear enhancement of photosensitivity in chlorodiane blue azo (CBA)/ oxotitanylphthalocyanine composites (TiOPc) has been found. Neither evident electronic interaction nor interpenetration between chlorodiane blue and TiOPc molecules is indicated by electronic spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns. Xerographic discharge experiments suggest that the synergetic enhancement of photosensitivity results from contribution of the transition of gap states, which are induced by photoexcitation upon composite photoreceptors. Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) data imply that oriented partial charge transfer between TiOPc and CBA molecules occurs when the composites are excited by incident light. This synergetic effect observed in the composite systems with weak electron donor and acceptor provides a novel strategy to design high quality photoconductive materials and devices.     

The structure of scytonemin,an ultraviolet sunscreen pigment from the sheaths of cyanobacteria

Despite knowledge of the existence of the pigment called scytonemin for over 100 years, its structure has remained unsolved until now. This pigment, the first shown to be an effective, photo-stable ultraviolet shield in prokaryotes, is a novel dimeric molecule (molec. wt. 544) of indolic and phenolic subunits and is known only from the sheaths enclosing the cells of cyanobacteria. It is probable that scytonemin is formed from a condensation of tryptophan-and phenylpropanoid-derived subunits. The linkage between these units is unique among natural products and this novel ring structure is here termed the scytoneman skeleton. Scytonemin absorbs strongly and broadly in the spectral region 325–425 nm (UV-A-violet-blue, with an in vivo maximum at 370 nm). However, there is also major absorption in the UV-C ( _max=250nm) and UV-B (280–320 nm). The pigment has been recently shown to provide significant protection to cyanobacteria against damage by ultraviolet radiation. The pigment occurs in all phylogenetic lines of sheathed cyanobacteria and possibly represents a UV screening strategy far more ancient than that of plant flavonoids and animal melanins. How diverse organisms deal with UV radiation is considered of vital importance to global ecology.     

聚苯乙烯磺酸钠/阿利新蓝分子沉积膜的表征及组装动力学

制备了聚苯乙烯磺酸钠/阿利新蓝分子沉积膜。紫外可见吸收光谱及接触角滴定的实验结果表明,聚苯乙烯磺酸钠/阿利新蓝分子沉积膜具有良好的自组装性能,且以单分子层层状沉积。通过时间控制,考察了聚苯乙烯磺酸钠/阿利新蓝分子组装形成分子沉积膜的动力学过程。结果表明,第8层阿利新蓝和第9层聚苯乙烯磺酸钠分子沉积膜润湿性稳定时间分别为18 min和25 min;聚苯乙烯磺酸钠的吸附速率常数比阿利新蓝的要小。依据不同组装时间的吸附动力学行为,提出了聚苯乙烯磺酸钠/阿利新蓝分子沉积膜在石英表面组装过程的动态模型。原子力显微镜和小角X射线衍射结果证实,多层聚苯乙烯磺酸钠/阿利新蓝分子沉积膜存在良好的层状周期结构,但层内局部结构有缺陷。     

木质素降解真菌粗毛栓菌(Trametes gallica)蓝色漆酶的分离纯化及性质研究

作者对粗毛栓菌(Trametesgallica)在PAG培养基条件下摇瓶培养产生漆酶的情况进行了研究.15d左右达到产酶高峰,随后进入平台期.对15d产生的漆酶进行分离纯化.4L发酵液经硫酸铵沉淀,DEAE SepharoseFastFlow柱层析和SephadexG 100柱层析,漆酶被纯化了36.9倍.经SDS PAGE验证为一条带,表观分子量约为60,000Da.纯化漆酶是一种含糖量6%的糖蛋白,且在605nm处具有蓝色漆酶Ⅰ型铜离子典型的吸收峰.以ABTS,DMP和愈创木酚为底物,反应的最适pH值分别为2.2,3.0和4.0;Km值分别为0.172×10-2,0.51,0.48mmol/L.以ABTS为底物,最适反应温度为70℃.在pH7～9处理24h,纯化漆酶仍保持较高活性.EDTA,卤素离子,NaCN和NaN3对酶活有抑制作用,其中NaN3是最强的抑制剂.纯化的蓝色漆酶不具有氨酸酶活性,但能够氧化非传统底物酚红.     

有机电致发光器件自动测量系统

设计并组建了一套可精确测量有机电致发光器件(OLED)电流密度-电压-亮度以及衰减曲线(亮度随时间的衰减)的自动测量系统．该系统工作时由计算机通过RS-232接口控制Keithley 2400 Source Meter向待测器件提供稳压(稳流)并测量相应的电流(电压)，控制New Port 1800-C Power Meter同步检测待测器件的光功率．采集到的数据最终送入计算机中进行处理、绘制性能曲线及存储．使用本系统对以JBEM为基质的蓝色OLED进行了测量．     

北京市蓝天工程使市内大气质量得到根本改善--以车公庄地区为例

本文对北京市车公庄地区2003年取暖期和非取暖期大气可吸入颗粒物PM10中有机污染物浓度及其饱和烃、多环芳烃、含NSO杂原子污染物的组成进行了分析。发现经过北京市蓝天工程，2003年取暖期和非取暖期大气可吸入颗粒物PM10中的有机污染物含量比1997年要低得多，北京市大气环境质量得到了很大的改善。     

两种活性染料废水的光催化氧化处理及回用研究

在光催化氧化剂DC-1存在条件下，利用光化学方法对某针织厂活性染料染色废水进行处理，并考察温度、染料浓度、光照时间等因素的影响。结果表明，染料浓度越低、反应时间越长、温度越高越有利于光催化降解的进行，且出水应用于染色后皂洗、水洗效果与常规工艺无异。染料的降解机理可能为首先是分子中发色基团被破坏，形成无色有机中间产物，表现为溶液色度的下降较快，随后才是中间产物的降解过程，苯环、萘环等键能较高部位继续破坏，染料从大分子结构逐步变为小分子结构并最终矿化。     

蓝色有机电致发光器件的研制

介绍了蓝色有机致发光器件的研究现状、器件结构、工作原理，以及蓝色有机电致发光器件目前尚存在一些问题，并为解决这些问题提供了思路，根据实验条件，提出了研制这一器件的工艺流程。     

依文思蓝褪色光度法测定药物中西地那非的含量

在酸性条件下,西地那非与依文思蓝反应,形成离子缔合物,使依文思蓝溶液褪色,最大褪色波长位于620 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε620为3.2×104L@mll-1@cm-1,西地那非浓度在0～1.5×10-5mol@L-1范围内,遵守比尔定律.本法操作简便,体系稳定,灵敏度较高,选择性好,用于柠檬酸西地那非片(万艾可)中西地那非含量的测定,结果满意.