2-取代苯并咪唑类化合物的合成、结构和性质研究

目的基于TiO2光催化性能的染料敏化改性,采用噻吩醛和邻苯二胺缩合反应,合成1-(2-噻吩亚甲基)-2-(2-噻吩基)苯并咪唑及其配合物。方法在稀土金属盐模板剂的作用下,合成得到了1-(2-噻吩亚甲基)-2-(2-噻吩基)苯并咪唑。结果合成了目标产物及其相应的配合物,并且通过单晶结构进行结构表征,用元素分析,红外,热重,固体荧光等进行性质表征。结论在配体合成方法上有一定的创新和突破,该制备方法简便易行,且产物较纯,无副产物,产率高,没有环境污染。     

Determination of trace heavy metals in milk using an ionic liquid and bismuth oxide nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode

A novel carbon composite electrode modified with bismuth oxide nanoparticles and the ionic liquid n-octylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate was fabricated and used to simultaneously determine cadmium and lead levels using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry.This electrode combines the unique advantages of nanomaterials and ionic liquid with the low cost and easy fabrication of the carbon composite electrode.Compared with the traditional binder based composite electrode,our electrode exhibited well-defined and separate stripping voltammetric peaks for cadmium and lead.Furthermore,the antifouling capacity of the bismuth film electrode was significantly improved by the ionic liquid.Under optimized conditions,the linear range of the composite electrode was from 3.0 to 30.0 μg L-1 for both metal ions with a detection limit of 0.15 μg L-1 for cadmium and 0.21 μg L-1 for lead.Trial milk sample analyses showed that the modified electrode was sensitive,reliable and effective for the determination of trace heavy metals,holding great promise for routine analysis applications.     

Remobilization of heavy metals during the resuspension of Liangshui River sediments using an annular flume

The release and transport of heavy metals(Ni,Cr,Cu and Pb) from Liangshui River sediments into the overlying water column during the resuspension event were determined using an annular flume with a velocity ranging from 0.15 to 0.35 m/s.It is shown that the suspended particulate matters(SPM) increased as much as nearly 25 times from 165 to 4220 mg/L as the velocity increased.Heavy metals showed an increase in dissolved phase as the velocity increased due to their desorption from the SPM.Acid-soluble heavy metals increased as the velocity increased,indicating that part of the heavy metals transformed from stable phase to labile phase during resuspension.Heavy metal concentrations in the SPM on volume normalization increased by approximately 2-6 times.However,on the mass weighted basis they decreased,approaching the bulk-sediment contents at high velocity,due to the "particle concentration effect".The distribution coefficients(K D) of heavy metals were higher at slower velocity during the sediment resuspension,which could be attributed to the decrease of fine particles(silt/clay fraction) during resuspension.     

基于曝气生物滤池工艺处理老龄垃圾渗滤液

分别在小试和工业化规模上系统研究了基于曝气生物滤池(BAF)的工艺对老龄垃圾渗滤液的处理效果.在实验室中,对比传统生化处理工艺,BAF单元对COD的去除率提高了20%.将基于BAF的组合工艺(厌氧+BAF+膜生物反应器MBR+反渗透RO)应用于深圳某填埋场渗滤液处理,取得了较好的处理效果.BAF单元对COD、氨氮的去除率分别达到31%和94.2%.生物处理单元(包括BAF和MBR)对铜、锌的去除率达到70%以上,而对镍、铬、铅的去除率小于50%.RO膜对重金属的去除率均高于生物处理单元.该组合工艺既保证了生物降解的持续进行,又保证了RO膜的稳定运行.利用GC-MS对生物处理单元有机污染物成分进行了分析,并对其降解机理进行了初步探讨.     

自然水体生物膜对铜、锌、镉的富集作用

通过对不同自然水体培养的生物膜上金属Cu,Zn,Cd痕量的分析发现,生物膜对水环境中的痕量金属具有一定的富集作用。     

东莞市土壤重金属污染状况分析及展望

通过调研、文献资料查阅,分析了近五年东莞市土壤重金属污染情况,结果显示,其中Cd、Hg、As、Ni、Cu、Zn等多种重金属超标,污染最严重的为Cd和Hg,平均值分别达到0.44 mg/m3和0.19 mg/m3,超标率分别为38.83%和22.57%,另外土壤重金属污染以单一重金属污染为主。最后从政策和法规方面提出了几点控制土壤重金属污染措施。     

基于嵌入式的食品中重金属光电检测系统设计

基于光电传感方法和MSP430单片机控制技术实现对食品中的重金属进行快速检测。介绍了光电传感检测方法的基本原理和系统光控制电路设计,使光强按照不同波长自动调整到最佳状态并稳定不变,解决了传统分光检测系统在恶劣环境条件下性能下降的问题。实验对比分析说明,该检测系统具有良好的准确性和可靠性,可对现场食品样品进行快速粗筛,节省了测试时间。     

铜胁迫下菌株CL01促进紫云英生长的研究

从湖北某矿区植物根际土壤中筛选到了一株多种重金属抗性菌株CL01.根据形态学特征和16S rDNA序列比较了结果,鉴定其为Achromobacter xylosoxidans.当土壤所含铜浓度为75 mg/kg时,接种菌株CL01可以促进紫云英根延长,增加植株高度,提高紫云英的生物量.菌株CL01通过减少根际土壤可吸收的铜含量,减少了铜在紫云英根部的聚集,说明该细菌提高了植物的抗铜能力.     

沉积物对测定地表水重金属中铁和锰的影响

黄河水在太原境内含沙量比较大,所携带的泥沙对实际测定重金属有一定的影响。通过对地表水水样前处理影响因素的交叉试验,研究了沉积物对测定地表水重金属铁、锰的影响,得到了一些有参考意义的结论。基于实验结果,指出直接测定含沉积物水样中的铁、锰要比过滤掉沉积物后的水样结果偏高很多,并且验证了重金属在沉积物中的吸附-解吸对pH值具有依赖性。     

田七药材重金属及微量元素含量分析

【目的】测定不同产地田七（Panax notoginseng）主根及田七不同部位的重金属和微量元素含量,为广西建立田七规范化生产基地提供实验依据.【方法】采用原子荧光光谱法、原子吸收分光光谱法及电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法进行测定分析.【结果】除镉（Cd）含量偏高外,其它重金属含量均符合绿色行业标准.另Cd含量在根茎中最高,其他测定的铅（Pb）、铜（Cu）、汞（Hg）和砷（As）等重金属及微量元素都以须根中含量最高,主根中最低.【结论】不同产地的田七主根重金属元素含量存在差异,但没有明显变化规律;田七不同部位富集重金属及微量元素的能力有差异.