体心立方过渡金属低指数表面单空位的改进分析型嵌入原子法模拟

应用改进分析型嵌入原子法(modified analytical embedded-atom method,MAEAM),计算了7种体心立方(body-centered cubic,BCC)过渡金属Fe、W、Mo、Cr、Ta、Nb和V等低指数(100)、(110)和(111)表面前9层上的单空位形成能.结果表明,对每一种金属,单空位形成能在同一低指数表面层中的第1层最低,且在表面第1层和第2层(Nb除外)随表面原子密度的减小而降低,即E(11f11),1相似文献   

Microbial communities in microcosm soils treated with battery waste

Battery waste is one of the most destructive hazards to our environment,especially to the soil.In order to understand the effects of the battery waste on the microbial communities in soil,microcosm soils were treated with the powder made from the battery waste.Microbial biomass and respiration were measured after 15,30,45,and 60 days of the treatment,and catabolic capability and Bi- olog profile were determined after 60 days.Microbial biomass was declined by all treatments,while microbial respiration and catabolic ca- pability were enhanced.Although microbial biomass recovered after a period of incubation,microbial respiratory quotient,catabolic capa- bility and community structure remained significantly affected.Our results also suggest that microbial respiratory quotient and Biolog pa- rameters are more sensitive than microbial biomass to the battery stress on bioavailability.     

二元系过渡金属贮氢合金材料的形成规律

利用模式识别的偏最小二乘法对过渡金属二元合金氢化物的形成和贮氢性能进行分析，结果表明：利用化学健参数－模式识别方法可以建立过渡金属二元合金贮氢材料形成的数学模型，是贮氢材料设计的一种用方法。     

明室光电效应装置的研制

介绍利用聚酯塑料管制作暗箱，与其它元件组装成光电效应实验装置，可有明室条件下，测试出光电伏安特性曲线。     

贵金属的高压熔解温度

利用热力学等式从Ｓｈａｒｍａ等人提出的扩散振动的熔解理论导出一个新的熔解关系式，对贵金属所作检验表明：由该式获得的计算结果与实验值的一致性是十分令人满意的。     

Heavy metal accumulation by bacteria and other microorganisms

Summary Bacteria, and other microorganisms, exhibit a number of metabolism-dependent and-independent processes or the uptake and accumulation of heavy metals and radionuclides. The removal of such harmful substances from effluents and waste waters by microbe-based technologies may provide an alternative or additional means of metal/radionuclide recovery for economic reasons and/or environmental protection. Both living and dead cells as well as products derived from or produced by microorganisms can be effective metal accumulators and there is evidence that some biomass-based clean-up processes are economically viable. However, many aspects of metal-microbe interactions remain unexploited in biotechnology and further development and application is necessary, particularly to the problem of radionuclide release into the environment.     

温州灵昆岛围垦区土壤重金属污染特征及生态风险评价

以温州灵昆岛围垦区土壤为研究对象,进行了Cd、Cr、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ni、Pb、Hg和As的测定及风险评价,为合理规划围垦区土壤提供理论依据.结果表明,灵昆岛围垦区土壤均受Cd和Hg污染最为严重,其地累积指数高于其他重金属元素,且对土壤重金属的潜在生态风险贡献最大.在围垦区内,底泥吹填区土壤中重金属含量最高,其次为农业生产用地.底泥吹填区土壤浸出液具有中等毒性,使热带爪蟾胚胎无法存活,建议在吹填区土壤开发利用之前采取一定的修复.     

新型铝/钢板式换热器炉中钎焊技术

为解决板式换热器铝钢复合板高成本问题,采用普通钢板取代复合板与铝合金鳍片焊接,为此研制一种新型锌基钎料Zn90Al4Ag5Ce,研究炉中钎焊工艺,并对钎焊接头力学性能及界面微观组织进行研究.结果表明:在气氛炉中加热520℃保温5min可实现Q235和铝鳍片的钎焊连接.在钎焊界面铝侧形成锌铝固溶体,在钢侧也存在弥散分布的锌铝固溶体,中间钎缝形成少量FeAl3脆性相.Ag原子能减缓A1原子的扩散速度,使有害脆性相锌铝固溶体长大速度变慢,钎焊接头力学性能提高.     

板料冲压成形工艺参数的计算机优化

利用ＣＡＥ技术分析了桑塔纳轿车油底壳成形过程，并对其成形工艺参数进行优化．提出了合理的毛坯的形状和尺寸、定位位置、压边力大小、拉深筋的设置等，以此说明ＣＡＥ技术在板料成形工艺设计中的应用．